Mysql Tutorial: Introduction To Database

MySQL Tutorial
Introduction to Database
Introduction of MySQL
MySQL is an SQL (Structured Query Language)
based relational database management system
(DBMS)
MySQL is compatible with standard SQL
MySQL is frequently used by PHP and Perl
Commercial version of MySQL is also provided
(including technical support)
Resource
MySQL and GUI Client can be downloaded
from
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
The SQL script for creating database bank

can be found at
http://www.cs.kent.edu/~mabuata/DB10_lab/bank_db.sql
http://www.cs.kent.edu/~mabuata/DB10_lab/bank_data.sql
Command for accessing MySQL
Access from DB server
>ssh dbdev.cs.kent.edu
Start MySQL
>mysql u [username] p
>Enter password:[password]
From a departmental machine

>mysql -u [username] -h dbdev.cs.kent.edu p
>Enter password:[password]
Entering & Editing commands
Prompt mysql>
issue a command
Mysql sends it to the server for execution
displays the results
prints another mysql>
a command could span multiple lines
A command normally consists of SQL
statement followed by a semicolon
Command prompt
prompt meaning
mysql> Ready for new command.
-> Waiting for next line of multiple-line command.
> Waiting for next line, waiting for completion of a

string that began with a single quote (').
> Waiting for next line, waiting for completion of a
string that began with a double quote (").
`> Waiting for next line, waiting for completion of an
identifier that began with a backtick (`).
/*> Waiting for next line, waiting for completion of a
comment that began with /*.
MySQL commands
help \h
Quit/exit \q
Cancel the command \c
Change database use
etc
Info about databases and tables
Listing the databases on the MySQL server host
>show databases;
Access/change database
>Use [database_name]
Showing the current selected database
> select database();
Showing tables in the current database
>show tables;
Showing the structure of a table
> describe [table_name];
Banking Example
branch (branch-name, branch-city, assets)
customer (customer-name, customer-street,
customer-city)
account (account-number, branch-name, balance)
loan (loan-number, branch-name, amount)
depositor (customer-name, account-number)
borrower (customer-name, loan-number)
employee (employee-name, branch-name, salary)

CREATE DATABASE
An SQL relation is defined using the CREATE
DATABASE command:
create database [database name]
Example
create database mydatabase
SQL Script for creating tables
The SQL script for creating database bank
can be found at
http://www.cs.kent.edu/~mabuata/DB10_lab/bank_db.sql
http://www.cs.kent.edu/~mabuata/DB10_lab/bank_data.sql
Notice: we do not have permission to create database,

so you have to type command use [your_account] to
work on your database.
Query
To find all loan number for loans made at the Perryridge
branch with loan amounts greater than $1100.
select loan_number from loan

where branch_name = Perryridge and amount>1100;
Find the loan number of those loans with loan amounts

between $1,000 and $1,500 (that is, $1,000 and $1,500)
select loan_number from loan

where amount between 1000 and 1500;
Query
Find the names of all branches that have greater assets than
some branch located in Brooklyn.
select distinct T.branch_name

from branch as T, branch as S
where T.assets > S.assets and S.branch_city = Brooklyn;
Find the customer names and their loan numbers for all customers
having a loan at some branch.
select customer_name, T.loan_number, S.amount

from borrower as T, loan as S
where T.loan_number = S.loan_number;
Set Operation
Find all customers who have a loan, an account, or both:
(select customer_name from depositor)

union
(select customer_name from borrower);
Find all customers who have an account but no loan.

(no minus operator provided in mysql)
select customer_name from depositor
where customer_name not in
(select customer_name from borrower);
Aggregate function
Find the number of depositors for each branch.
select branch_name, count (distinct customer_name)

from depositor, account
where depositor.account_number = account.account_number
group by branch_name;
Find the names of all branches where the average account balance
is more than $500.
select branch_name, avg (balance)

from account
group by branch_name
having avg(balance) > 500;
Nested Subqueries
Find all customers who have both an account and a loan at
the bank.
select distinct customer_name
from borrower
where customer_name in
(select customer_name from depositor);
Find all customers who have a loan at the bank but do not
have an account at the bank
select distinct customer_name
from borrower
where customer_name not in
(select customer_name from depositor);
Nested Subquery
Find the names of all branches that have greater assets
than all branches located in Horseneck.
select branch_name
from branch
where assets > all
(select assets
from branch
where branch_city = Horseneck);
Create View (new feature in mysql 5.0)
A view consisting of branches and their customers
create view all_customer as

(select branch_name, customer_name
from depositor, account
where depositor.account_number =
account.account_number)
union
(select branch_name, customer_name
from borrower, loan
where borrower.loan_number=loan.loan_number);
Joined Relations
Join operations take two relations and return as a result
another relation.
These additional operations are typically used as subquery
expressions in the from clause
Join condition defines which tuples in the two relations
match, and what attributes are present in the result of the join.
Join type defines how tuples in each relation that do not
match any tuple in the other relation (based on the join
condition) are treated.
Joined Relations Datasets for Examples
Relation loan Relation borrower
Note: borrower information missing for L-260 and loan

information missing for L-155
Joined Relations Examples
Select * from loan inner join borrower on

loan.loan-number = borrower.loan-number
loan-number branch-name amount customer-name loan-number
L-170 Downtown 3000 Jones L-170

L-230 Redwood 4000 Smith L-230
Example
Select * from loan left join borrower on

loan.loan-number = borrower.loan-number
loan-number branch-name amount customer-name loan-number

L-170 Downtown 3000 Jones L-170
L-230 Redwood 4000 Smith L-230
L-260 Perryridge 1700 null null

Modification of Database
Increase all accounts with balances over $800 by 7%, all
other accounts receive 8%.
update account
set balance = balance 1.07
where balance > 800;
update account
set balance = balance 1.08
where balance 800;
Increase all accounts with balances over $700 by 6%, all
other accounts receive 5%.
update account
set balance =case
when balance <= 700 then balance *1.05
else balance * 1.06
end;
Delete the record of all accounts with balances below the
average at the bank.
delete from account
where balance < (select avg (balance) from account);
Add a new tuple to account
insert into account

values (A-9732, Perryridge,1200);

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What is MySQL and what are some of its main features?

What is MySQL and what are some of its main features?

How can databases and tables be accessed and managed using MySQL?

How can databases and tables be accessed and managed using MySQL?

MySQL Tutorial

The SQL script for creating database bank

From a departmental machine

mysql> Ready for new command.

-> Waiting for next line of multiple-line command.

> Waiting for next line, waiting for completion of a

account (account-number, branch-name, balance)

loan (loan-number, branch-name, amount)

depositor (customer-name, account-number)

borrower (customer-name, loan-number)

employee (employee-name, branch-name, salary)

Notice: we do not have permission to create database,

select loan_number from loan

Find the loan number of those loans with loan amounts

select loan_number from loan

select distinct T.branch_name

select customer_name, T.loan_number, S.amount

(select customer_name from depositor)

Find all customers who have an account but no loan.

select branch_name, count (distinct customer_name)

select branch_name, avg (balance)

create view all_customer as

Relation loan Relation borrower

Note: borrower information missing for L-260 and loan

Select * from loan inner join borrower on

loan-number branch-name amount customer-name loan-number

L-170 Downtown 3000 Jones L-170

Select * from loan left join borrower on

loan-number branch-name amount customer-name loan-number

L-260 Perryridge 1700 null null

Add a new tuple to account

insert into account

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