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Introduction (Electricity and Atomic Structure) STUDENTS

This document discusses electricity and atomic structure. It explains that electricity is a form of energy resulting from charged particles like electrons and protons. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Copper has approximately 1.4 x 1024 free electrons in every cubic inch at room temperature due to electrons gaining enough energy to leave copper atoms. Electrical charge is due to an excess or deficiency of electrons, creating a net negative or positive charge. Static electricity and lightning occur due to the separation and attraction of positive and negative charges.

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Jose Navarro
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148 views

Introduction (Electricity and Atomic Structure) STUDENTS

This document discusses electricity and atomic structure. It explains that electricity is a form of energy resulting from charged particles like electrons and protons. Atoms are made up of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Copper has approximately 1.4 x 1024 free electrons in every cubic inch at room temperature due to electrons gaining enough energy to leave copper atoms. Electrical charge is due to an excess or deficiency of electrons, creating a net negative or positive charge. Static electricity and lightning occur due to the separation and attraction of positive and negative charges.

Uploaded by

Jose Navarro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELECTRICITY

- A form of energy resulting from the


existence of charged particles (such as electrons
or protons), either statically as an accumulation
of charge or dynamically as a current.

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
An atom is the smallest
particle of an element that
retains the characteristics of
that element. All matter is
made of atoms; and all
atoms consist of electrons,
protons, and neutrons. A
basic understanding of the
fundamental concepts of
current and voltage
requires a degree of
familiarity with the atom
and its structure.
The Bohr model of an atom
The orbiting electron carries a negative charge equal
in magnitude to the positive charge of the proton. In
general, the atomic structure of any stable atom has an
equal number of electrons and protons.
Copper is the most commonly used metal in the
electrical/electronics industry.
If this 29th electron gains sufficient
energy from the surrounding medium
to leave the parent atom, it is called a
free electron. In 1 cubic inch of copper
at room temperature, there are
approximately 1.4 x1024 free electrons.
Expanded, that is
1,400,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
free electrons in a 1 in. square cube.
ELECTRIC CHARGE

As you know, an electron is the smallest particle


that exhibits negative electrical charge. The charge of
an electron and that of a proton are equal in
magnitude. Electrical charge is an electrical property
of matter that exists because of an excess or deficiency
of electrons. When an excess of electrons exists in a
material, there is a net negative electrical charge.
When a deficiency of electrons exists, there is a net
positive electrical charge. Charge is symbolized by the
letter Q. Static electricity is the presence of a net
positive or negative charge in a material.
STATIC ELECTRICITY

When you rub a balloon on your pullover, you create static


electricity that makes it stick. The rubbing shifts electrons
from your pullover (which becomes positively charged) to the
latex rubber in the balloon (which becomes negatively
charged). The opposite charges make the two things stick.
LIGHTNING

Heavier, negatively charged particles sink to the


bottom of the cloud. When the positive and negative
charges grow large enough, a giant spark - lightning -
occurs between the two charges within the cloud. This is
like a static electricity sparks you see, but much bigger.
LIGHTNING
LIGHTNING
LIGHTNING
LIGHTNING ARRESTER
Attraction and repulsion of electrical charges
COULOMBS LAW
Thank
you very
much

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