Model for Student Table

SELECT * FROM students;

+----+-----------+------------+------+------+
| id | name | birth | gpa | grad |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+
| 1 | Anderson | 1987-10-22 | 3.9 | 2009 |
| 2 | Jones | 1990-04-16 | 2.4 | 2012 |
| 3 | Hernandez | 1989-08-12 | 3.1 | 2011 |
| 4 | Chen | 1990-02-04 | 3.2 | 2011 |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+

Rails model class (app/models/student.rb):

class Student < ActiveRecord::Base
end

Command to create this class:

rails generate model student
CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 1
 Create New Record

student = Student.new
student.name = "Williams"
student.birth = "1989-11-16"
student.gpa = 2.8
student.grad = 2012
student.save()

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 2

 Simple Example

app/controllers/students_controller.rb:

class StudentsController < ApplicationController

...
def index
@students = Student.all
end
end

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 3

 Simple Example, contd
app/views/students/index.html.erb:

<%@title = "All Students"%>

<h1>Current Students</h1>
<table class="oddEven">
<tr class="header">
<td>Name</td>
<td>Date of Birth</td>
<td>GPA</td>
<td>Graduation Year</td>
</tr>
<% for student in @students %>
<tr class="<%= cycle('even', 'odd') %>">
<td><%= link_to(student.name, :action => :edit,
:id => student.id) %></td>
<td><%= student.birth %></td>
<td><%= student.gpa %></td>
<td><%= student.grad %></td>
</tr>
<% end %>
</table>
CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 4
 Read, Update, Delete

students = Student.all()
student = Student.find(187)
student = Student.find_by(name: "Hernandez")
student = Student.find_by_name("Hernandez")
smarties = Student.where("gpa >= 3.0")
smarties = Student.order("gpa DESC").limit(10)

student = Student.find(187)
student.gpa = 4.0
student.save()

Student.find(187).destroy()

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 5

 Many-to-One Relationships
SELECT * FROM students;
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+------------+
| id | name | birth | gpa | grad | advisor_id |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+------------+
| 1 | Anderson | 1987-10-22 | 3.9 | 2009 | 2 |
| 2 | Jones | 1990-04-16 | 2.4 | 2012 | 1 |
| 3 | Hernandez | 1989-08-12 | 3.1 | 2011 | 1 |
| 4 | Chen | 1990-02-04 | 3.2 | 2011 | 1 |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+------------+

SELECT * FROM advisors;

+----+----------+-----------+ class
| id | name | title | class Student
Student << ActiveRecord::Base
ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :advisor
belongs_to :advisor
+----+----------+-----------+ end
| 1 | Fujimura | assocprof | end
class
class Advisor
Advisor << ActiveRecord::Base
ActiveRecord::Base
| 2 | Bolosky | prof | has_many :students
+----+----------+-----------+ has_many :students
end
end

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 6

 Many-To-One Examples

advisor = Advisor.find_by_name("Fujimura")
for student in advisor.students do
...
end

student = Student.find_by_name("Chen")
student.advisor = Advisor.find_by_name("Bolosky")
student.save

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 7

 Many-to-Many Relationships
SELECT * FROM students; SELECT * FROM courses_students;
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+ +-----------+------------+
| id | name | birth | gpa | grad | | course_id | student_id |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+ +-----------+------------+
| 1 | Anderson | 1987-10-22 | 3.9 | 2009 | | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | Jones | 1990-04-16 | 2.4 | 2012 | | 3 | 1 |
| 3 | Hernandez | 1989-08-12 | 3.1 | 2011 | | 4 | 1 |
| 4 | Chen | 1990-02-04 | 3.2 | 2011 | | 1 | 2 |
+----+-----------+------------+------+------+ | 2 | 2 |
| 1 | 3 |
SELECT * FROM courses; | 2 | 4 |
+----+--------+-----------------+-------------+ | 4 | 4 |
| id | number | name | quarter | +-----------+------------+
+----+--------+-----------------+-------------+
| 1 | CS142 | Web stuff | Winter 2009 |
| 2 | ART101 | Finger painting | Fall 2008 |
| 3 | ART101 | Finger painting | Winter 2009 |
class Student < ActiveRecord::Base
| 4 | PE204 | Mud wrestling class Student
| Winter 2009 <
| ActiveRecord::Base
has_and_belongs_to_many
has_and_belongs_to_many :courses
+----+--------+-----------------+-------------+ :courses
end
end
class
class Course
Course << ActiveRecord::Base
ActiveRecord::Base
has_and_belongs_to_many
has_and_belongs_to_many :students
:students
end
end
CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 8
 Many-To-Many Examples

student = Student.find_by_name("Anderson")
for course in student.courses do
...
end

cs142 = Course.find_by_number("CS142")
student.courses << cs142

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 9

 Migration: Create New Table

db/migrate/20090215220309_create_students.rb:

class CreateStudents < ActiveRecord::Migration

def change
create_table :students do |t|
t.column :name, :string
t.column :birth, :date
t.column :gpa, :float
t.column :grad, :integer
end
end
end

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 10

 Migration: Add Column

db/migrate/20101013224357_add_advisor.rb:

class AddAdvisor < ActiveRecord::Migration

def change
add_column :students, :advisor_id, :integer
end
end

CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 11

 Migration Utilities
rails generate migration create_students
=> db/migrate/20131212210728_create_students.rb

rails generate model students

rake db:migrate

rake db:migrate VERSION=20090130180755

rake db:reset

rake db:migrate:reset
CS 142 Lecture Notes: Rails ActiveRecord Slide 12
CS 140 Lecture Notes: File Systems Slide 13