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Lesson Iccs Bios

The document provides information about assembling a computer, including performing BIOS configuration, understanding the POST process, common BIOS settings, CMOS memory, POST error codes, and BIOS error messages. The POST process checks hardware at startup and issues beep codes or on-screen errors for any issues. Common BIOS settings include boot order, date/time, and hardware configurations. CMOS stores BIOS settings like the system time. POST errors include beep codes for memory, keyboard, and video issues or on-screen errors for serious problems.

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43 views

Lesson Iccs Bios

The document provides information about assembling a computer, including performing BIOS configuration, understanding the POST process, common BIOS settings, CMOS memory, POST error codes, and BIOS error messages. The POST process checks hardware at startup and issues beep codes or on-screen errors for any issues. Common BIOS settings include boot order, date/time, and hardware configurations. CMOS stores BIOS settings like the system time. POST errors include beep codes for memory, keyboard, and video issues or on-screen errors for serious problems.

Uploaded by

TheoSebastian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

ASSEMBLE COMPUTER

HARDWARE
OBJECTIVES

Perform BIOS configuration in


accordance with hardware requirements
POST (POWER-ON SELF-TEST)

POST is the diagnostic testing sequence that a


computer's basic input/output system (or "starting
program") runs to determine if the computer
keyboard, random access memory, disk drives,
and other hardware are working correctly.
POST (POWER-ON SELF-TEST)

If the necessary hardware is detected and


found to be operating properly, the computer
begins to boot

If the hardware is not detected or is found not to


be operating properly, the BIOS issues an error
message which may be text on the display
screen and/or a series of coded beeps,
depending on the nature of the problem.
HOW TO USE BIOS

BIOS contains a number of hardware


configuration options that can be changed
through the setup utility.

Saving these changes and restarting the


computer applies the changes to the BIOS and
alters the way BIOS instructs the hardware to
function.
HERE ARE SOME COMMON THINGS YOU
CAN DO IN MOST BIOS SYSTEMS:
Change the Boot Order
Load BIOS Setup Defaults
Remove a BIOS Password
Create a BIOS Password
Change the Date and Time
Change Floppy Drive Settings
Change Hard Drive Settings
Change CD/DVD/BD Drive Settings
View Amount of Memory Installed
Change the Boot Up NumLock Status
HERE ARE SOME COMMON THINGS YOU
CAN DO IN MOST BIOS SYSTEMS:

Enable or Disable the Computer Logo


Enable or Disable the Quick Power On Self Test (POST)
Enable or Disable the CPU Internal Cache
Enable or Disable the Caching of BIOS
Change CPU Settings
Change Memory Settings
Change System Voltages
WHAT IS CMOS AND WHAT IS IT FOR?

CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-


semiconductor) is the term usually used to
describe the small amount of memory on a
computer motherboard that stores
the BIOS settings.

Some of these BIOS settings include the system


time and date as well as hardware settings.
OTHER NAMES FOR CMOS

CMOS is sometimes referred to as Real-


Time Clock (RTC), CMOS RAM, Non-Volatile
RAM (NVRAM), Non-Volatile BIOS memory,
or complementary-symmetry metal-oxide-
semiconductor (COS-MOS).
POST ERRORS

During the POST process, the BIOS uses


two different ways to notify you of a
problem:
1. Error beep codes
2. Error messages
POST ERRORS

1. Error beep codes


The system speaker, which is the one
inside the system case, is used to sound
out short and long tones in a unique
pattern to indicate a problem in a system
component that is essential to starting up
the PC.
POST ERRORS

2. Error messages
After the video BIOS is loaded, the boot process is
able to display error messages on the monitor for
any problems that occur in the final stages of the
boot cycle.
ERROR BEEP CODES

Every BIOS system has at least one beep


code in commona single beep tone at the
end of the POST process to signal an all
clear.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

0 beeps
The purpose of the one-beep all clear signal is
to let you know that the system is booting.
If no beeps are sounded and nothing is
displayed on the monitor, the problem is most
likely power:
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

Make sure the PC is plugged into a safe AC


power source.
Check to see if the motherboard is getting
power. Locate the Power LED connector and
verify that the connection is good.
Use a multimeter to check the power of the
motherboards power connectors or plug an
LED attached to a wire into the power
connector to test that the motherboard is
getting power.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

1 beep, 2 beeps, or 3 beeps


These typically indicate a memory error of some
form:
If you have just installed memory, make sure it is
properly seated in the socket.
Verify that you used the same type and speed
memory and that you have filled a bank before
installing memory in another bank.
Replace the memory with known good chips and
reboot.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

4 beeps, 5 beeps, 7 beeps, or 10 beeps


Reboot the PC a few times to verify the
count on these errors because these codes
indicate that the motherboard has a serious
problem and may need to be replaced or
sent to the manufacturer for repairs.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

6 beeps
The common code for a keyboard failure.
Check the keyboard connection and the
keyboard itself.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

8 beeps
This code indicates a problem with the video
adapter card
Reseat the video card and check its onboard
memory to ensure it is also seated properly
on the card.
If the problem persists, try a replacement
video card.
COMMON POST BEEP CODES

9 beeps
Like the motherboard beep codes, you need to
be very sure of the count and that the number of
beeps is not 8 (video problems) or 10
(motherboard problems).
Nine beeps indicate a bad BIOS chip that is not
a chip problem.
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

A BIOS error message displayed on the monitor,


regardless of the BIOS manufacturer, means that
there is a serious problem with a system
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

BIOS ROM checksum errorsystem halted


This is a serious error and you need to contact
the motherboard or BIOS manufacturer for
recovery procedures, if any. This could be
caused by an incomplete faulty flash upgrade
and there may be recovery procedures available.
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

CMOS battery failed


The CMOS battery is dead and needs to be
replaced.
Remember that with the CMOS battery
dead, the Setup programs configuration
data will be reset to its default values and
you will need to re-enter the system
configuration
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

CMOS checksum errordefaults loaded


This message indicates that the CMOS has
become corrupt and the Setup configuration
data has been reset to the default values.
The cause is likely a weak CMOS battery
that needs to be replaced and the CMOS
data reentered from your records.
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

Hard disk failure


The BIOS POST cannot find or initialize a
hard disk controller (HDC) included in the
CMOS configuration.
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

I/O Card failure


This error indicates an expansion card has
failed or has a parity error at a certain
address.
Try reseating the card or moving it to a
different slot.
BIOS ERROR MESSAGES

Keyboard error or no keyboard present


Make sure the keyboard is attached
correctly and no keys are pressed during
POST.
QUIZ TIME!

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