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MatlabTutorial Lec1

The document provides an overview of the Matlab programming environment and its uses for technical computing and control systems. It describes the Matlab interface, basic syntax, functions for plotting graphs, and the Control System Toolbox. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to write scripts and functions in Matlab, plot different graph types, and model and analyze control systems.

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kamrulahsan06
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52 views

MatlabTutorial Lec1

The document provides an overview of the Matlab programming environment and its uses for technical computing and control systems. It describes the Matlab interface, basic syntax, functions for plotting graphs, and the Control System Toolbox. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to write scripts and functions in Matlab, plot different graph types, and model and analyze control systems.

Uploaded by

kamrulahsan06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matlab

Outline
What is Matlab?
Matlab Interface
Basic Syntax
Plotting Graphs
Control System Toolbox
Examples
Useful Resources
Overview of Matlab
What is Matlab?
Language for technical
computing
Supports mathematical
computation, visualization, and
programming
Composed using high-level
programming language
similar to syntax of C
Matlab Interface
Change the current
directory to the
location of your
Matlab file at
startup
Workspace

Command
History Command Window
Matlab Programming
Two Approaches
Coding in Command Window
Good for short programs
Commands must be re-entered each time you run
a simulation

Coding with .m-files


Good for long programs
Allows users to save all the commands written in
the .m-files
Command Window Interface

Write your
commands here
(1) Creating .m-files

File New M-
File

(2) Opening .m-files


File Open
select the .m-file
.m-file Interface

Write your
commands here

To run the program, press F5


Workspace Interface
The workspace provides a summary of the
variables
Command History Interface
The Command History stores all the commands
entered in the Command Window previously
No history of .m-files is shown here
Syntax Errors
All errors are given in the Command Window in
red
Nature of error is explained
Examples on
Matlab Interface
Basic Syntax
Basic Syntax
Assignment of Variables
Syntax: Variable = Expression
Example: A = 1;
Use of semi-colons
With semi-colon suppress output
Without semi-colon displays output in
command window
Adding comments
Add % before command line
Example: % This is a demo
Basic Syntax (contd)
Step increment
Example: k = 1:0.1:10
k is a row-matrix from 1 to 10 with step size = 0.1
Matrix Expression
Row-matrix Column-matrix

Hence, for a 2x2 matrix, the syntax is


A = [1 2; 3 4]
Basic Syntax (contd)
Mathematical (Array) Operators
Mathematical Mathematical Array
+ Addition + Addition
- Subtraction - Subtraction
* Multiplication .* Multiplication
/ Division ./ Division
^ Power .^ Power

Note the dimension of matrix in matrix computation


Example: A: 2x1 matrix, B: 2x2 matrix

A*B invalid operation
B*A valid operation
Basic Syntax (contd)
Common Built-in Math Functions
sin(x) - sine
cos(x) - cosine
tan(x) - tangent
exp(x) - exponential
log10(x) base10 logarithm
sqrt(x) square root
abs(x) absolute value

The complete list can be found on pp. 833 of text


Examples on
Basic Syntax
Plotting Graphs
Plotting Graphs
Matlab allows graphical displays
By using the command plot
Syntax: plot(x)

Types of plots
- Solid line
-- Dashed line
: Dotted line
-. Dashdot line

Syntax: plot(x,-)
Plotting Graphs (contd)
Labeling Graphs
Commonly used Syntax:
ylabel(text) label y-axis
xlabel(text) label x-axis
title(text) label title
legend(legend1, length2,) puts legend on
current plot
grid on (grid off) add (remove) grid lines to figure
subplot subdivides graphic window
hold on hold the previous plot on the graphic
window
Example (1)
Example (2)
subplot(2,2,1) subplot(2,2,2)
plot(x,r),hold on plot(x,r),hold on
plot(y,--) plot(y,--)

subplot(2,2,3) subplot(2,2,4)
plot(x,r),hold on plot(x,r),hold on
plot(y,--) plot(y,--)
Examples on
Plotting Graphs
Control System Toolbox
Overview to the Toolbox
Modeled control systems as
(1) transfer functions
(2) zero-pole-gain
(3) state-space form
Can manipulate both
(1) continuous-time system
(2) discrete-time system
Can compute and graph
(1) time response
(2) frequency response
Demo (1)
Transfer Function
Syntax: tf(numerator, denomintor)
Demo (2)

State-space Representation
Syntax: sys_ss = ss(sys)
Demo (3)
Finding Poles and Zeros
Syntax: z = zero(sys)
p = pole(sys)

Pole-Zero Diagram
Syntax: zplane(z,p)
Demo (4)
Closed-Loop System
Syntax: CLsys = feedback(sys1,sys2)

+
System 1
-

System 2
Demo (5)
Step Response
Syntax: step(sys)
Demo (6)
Pole-zero cancellation
Syntax: sysr = minreal(sys);
Impulse Response
Syntax: impulse(sys)
Examples on
Control System Toolbox
Useful Resources
Appendix A of Textbook

End of Chapter Matlab Demo

http://www.mathworks.com

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