Scribd
Upload
212 views

Normal Consistency

This document describes procedures for determining the normal consistency and setting times of hydraulic cement according to ASTM standards. It details the necessary equipment, environmental conditions, sample preparation process, and testing procedures. The normal consistency test involves mixing cement and water at varying ratios and determining the ratio where a cement paste sinks 10mm after 30 seconds when pressed with a Vicat apparatus plunger. The setting time test similarly uses a Vicat needle to determine the time after mixing when the paste can no longer be penetrated 25mm or more for initial set and any penetration for final set. The results of these tests provide important information about cement properties and help ensure it meets industry specifications.

Uploaded by

Mujahid Mzîrî
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
212 views

Normal Consistency

This document describes procedures for determining the normal consistency and setting times of hydraulic cement according to ASTM standards. It details the necessary equipment, environmental conditions, sample preparation process, and testing procedures. The normal consistency test involves mixing cement and water at varying ratios and determining the ratio where a cement paste sinks 10mm after 30 seconds when pressed with a Vicat apparatus plunger. The setting time test similarly uses a Vicat needle to determine the time after mixing when the paste can no longer be penetrated 25mm or more for initial set and any penetration for final set. The results of these tests provide important information about cement properties and help ensure it meets industry specifications.

Uploaded by

Mujahid Mzîrî
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement

ASTM- C 187 04

Significance and Use:


This test method is intended to be used to determine the
amount of water required to prepare hydraulic cement pastes
for testing.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Apparatus

1. Devices for Determining Mass.


2. Glass graduates (200 or 250) ml capacity.
3. Vicat apparatus with the plunger end, 10 mm in diameter.
4. Electrical mixer (or by hand) , trowel and containers.
5. Mixing glass plate 30cm x 30cm.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Temperature and Humidity

The temperature of the air in the vicinity of the mixing slab,


the dry cement, molds, and base plates shall be maintained
between 20 and 27.5 C (68 and 81.5 F).

The temperature of the mixing water shall not vary from


23.0 C (73.5 F) by more than 2.0 C (3.5 F).

The relative humidity of the laboratory shall be not less than


50 %.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Procedure:

1. Weigh 650 g of cement

2. Place all the mixing water in the bowl.

3. Add the cement to the water and allow 30 s for a absorption


of the water.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Cont
5. Start the mixer at low speed for 30 s

6. Stop for (15 s) and make sure no materials have collected


on the sides of the bowel.

7. Start mixing at medium speed for (1 min).

8. Quickly form the cement paste into the approximate shape


of a ball with gloved hands.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Cont.
9. Putting hand at (15cm) distance, throw the cement paste
ball from hand to hand six times.

10. Press the ball into the larger end of the conical ring,
completely fill the ring with paste.

11. Remove the excess at the larger end by a single movement


of the palm of the hand.

12. Place the ring on its larger end on the base of the plate of
Vicat apparatus.
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Cont.

13. Slice off the excess paste at the smaller end at the top of the ring
by a single sharpended trowel and smooth the top.

14. During these operations of cutting and smoothing, take care


not to compress the paste.

15. Center the paste under the plunger end which shall be brought in
contact with the surface of the paste, and tighten the set-screw.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Cont.
16. Set the movable indicator to the upper zero mark of the scale or
take an initial reading, and release the rod immediately. This must
not exceed 30 seconds after completion of mixing.

17. The paste shall be of normal consistency when the rod settles to a
point 101mm below the original surface in 30 seconds after
being released.

18. Make trial paste with varying percentages of water until the
normal consistency is obtained. Make each trial with fresh
cement.
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Cont.

19. Draw the penetration w/c curve.

From the curve state the w/c% which will give (10mm) that is
the percentage for Normal Consistency.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
Calculation
Calculate the amount of water required for normal consistency to the
nearest 0.1 % and report it to the nearest 0.5 % of the weight of the
dry cement.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test1 Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
discussion

1. Discuss why Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement test is


Important?

2. With finer cement particle size, would more or less water be


required to achieve the normal consistency? Briefly explain.

3. What are the main factor effect Consistency?

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Setting time is the term used to describe the stiffening of the
cement paste, and it refers to a change from a fluid state to a
rigid state.

Time of initial set: The time at which the concrete can no


longer be properly mixed.

(Represented by a Vicat needle ( 1mm in diameter)


penetration of 25 mm or less

Time of final set: The time required for the cement to


harden to a point where it can sustain some load.
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Note:
According to ASTM C150
Initial time of setting, not less than 45 min.
Final time of setting, not more than 375 min

Factors affecting setting time:


1. Temperature and humidity.
2. Amount of water (w/c)
3. Chemical composition of Cement
4. Fineness of cement ( finer cement = faster setting).

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Apparatus:
1. Vicat Apparatus with the needle end, 1mm in diameter.
2. BalanceDevice.
3. Glass Graduates (200 or 250) ml capacity.
4. A trowel and containers.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Procedure
1. Weigh (650) gm cement.

2. Prepare amount of water as to that calculated in normal


consistency test.

3. Prepare a cement paste following same steps mentioned in


the previous test (test No.1). Place in Vicat conical ring like
test No.1

4. Place specimen ring under Vicat apparatus and lock needle


on surface of paste. Set indicator scale to zero.
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University
Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Cont
5. Don't forget to record the time since the cement is added to
the water.

6. Release weighted needles and record the penetration in mm


after 30 seconds.

7. Repeat process every fifteen minutes until initial set is


achieved.
8. Repeat processes every hour until final set is achieved.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04

9. Record the results of all penetration, then by drawing a curve


determine the time when a penetration of 25 mm is obtained. This
is the initial setting time

10. The final setting time is when the needle dose not sinks visible
into the paste.

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Calculation

The setting time for the given cement sample are found to
be :
Initial setting (Represented by a Vicat needle penetration of
25 mm) = ..minutes
Final setting time =.minutes

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Test2 Set Time Test ASTM C 191-04
Discussion
1. Does the initial setting time satisfy the requirements of the ASTM
Standards?
2. Discuss briefly the significance of determining the initial and final setting
times.
3. If the initial setting time is not qualified, can we use the cement in
engineering?

Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017 Duhok Polytechnic University


Thank You


Duhok Polytechnic University
Lecturer.Lawend Kamal Askar 3 July 2017

You might also like