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Z V E I: Power Expression For A Cylindrical Rotor Synchronous Generator

The document describes the power expression for a cylindrical rotor synchronous generator. It provides equations for: 1) The complex power output per phase of the generator (Sog) in terms of voltage (V), excitation voltage (E), impedance angle (θz), and load angle (δ). 2) The real power output per phase of the generator (Pog) in terms of E, V, θz, Zs, and δ. 3) The reactive power output per phase of the generator (Qog) in terms of E, V, θz, Zs, and δ.

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Sumathi Ambunathan
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429 views12 pages

Z V E I: Power Expression For A Cylindrical Rotor Synchronous Generator

The document describes the power expression for a cylindrical rotor synchronous generator. It provides equations for: 1) The complex power output per phase of the generator (Sog) in terms of voltage (V), excitation voltage (E), impedance angle (θz), and load angle (δ). 2) The real power output per phase of the generator (Pog) in terms of E, V, θz, Zs, and δ. 3) The reactive power output per phase of the generator (Qog) in terms of E, V, θz, Zs, and δ.

Uploaded by

Sumathi Ambunathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power expression for a cylindrical rotor synchronous generator

Let V = terminal voltage per phase


E = excitation voltage per phase
Ia = armature current
= phase angle between E and V

Network Equation E V
E = V + IaZs Ia
Zs
Phasor diagram for lagging power factor

For a synchronous generator, E leads V by an angle for all power factors.


The synchronous impedance, Zs = Ra + jXs = Zsz

z
Zs
Xs

z
Ra

From impedance triangle

Xs Ra
z tan 1 z 90 z tan
0 1

Ra Xs
Complex Power Output of the generator per phase, Sog

S og Pog jQ og VIa
*

* *
EV 0 E V0
0

S og V V0
Zs Z s z
*
E( z ) V z
S og V0
0

Zs Zs
VE( z ) V 2 z
S og
Zs Zs
V2
Pog jQog
VE
cos( z ) j
VE
sin( z ) cos z j sin z
ZS ZS Zs
Real Power Output of the generator per phase, Pog

VE V2
Pog cos( z ) cos z
ZS Zs z
Ra Zs
cos z
Zs
z
VE V2 Ra
Pog cos( z ) 2 Ra
ZS Zs
But z 90 z
2
VE V
Pog cos(90 z ) 2 Ra
ZS Zs
VE V2
or Pog sin( z ) 2 Ra
ZS Zs
Reactive Power Output of the generator per phase, Qog

VE V2
Q og sin( z ) sin z
ZS Zs
z
Xs
sin z Zs
Zs
VE V2
z
Q og sin( z ) 2 X s Ra
ZS Zs
But z 90 z
VE V2
Q og sin( 90 z ) 2 X s
ZS Zs
VE V2
or Q og cos( z ) 2 X s
ZS Zs
Complex Power Input to the generator per phase, Sig

Sig Pig jQ ig EIa


*

* *
EV E V0 0

Sig E E
Zs Z s z
*
E( z ) V z
Sig E
Zs Zs
E 2 z VE( z )
Sig
Zs Zs
E2 E2
Pig jQig cos z j sin z
VE
cos( z ) j sin z
Zs ZS Zs
Real Power Input to the generator per phase, Pig

E2
cos z
VE
Pig cos z
ZS Zs z
Ra Zs
cos z
Zs
z
E2
cos z
VE Ra
Pig 2 Ra
ZS Zs
But z 90 z
2
E VE
Pig 2 Ra cos(90 z )
ZS Zs
E2 VE
or Pig 2 Ra sin( z )
ZS Zs
Reactive Power Input to the generator per phase, Qig

E2 VE
Q ig sin z sin( z )
ZS Zs
Xs
sin z
Zs
E2 VE
Q ig 2 X s sin( z )
ZS Zs
But z 90 z
sin( z ) sin( 90 z ) cos( z )
E2 VE
Q ig 2 X s cos( z )
ZS Zs
Mechanical input to the generator Pig rotational losses
Maximum Power Output of the generator per phase Pog(max)

Differentiating Pog w.r.t. and equating it to zero

d Pog d VE V 2

0 sin( z ) 2 Ra 0
d d Z S Zs
VE
cos( z ) 0
ZS
cos( z ) 0
z cos (0) 901 0

90 z z
0

Thus for maximum Power Output of the generator per phase Pog(max)
load angle = impedance angle z
Thus for maximum Power Output of the generator per phase Pog(max)

load angle = impedance angle z

Substituting for in Pog

2
VE V
Pog max sin( z z ) 2 Ra
ZS Zs
But z z 90 0

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