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The Eye Optics

The stimulus for vision is light. The eye is divided into two chambers - the anterior chamber containing aqueous humor and the posterior chamber containing vitreous humor. The cornea and lens work together to refract light and focus images onto the retina. Common eye conditions include strabismus (eye misalignment), cataracts (lens opacities), myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism (corneal distortion).

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Richie Brian Stephen
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186 views25 pages

The Eye Optics

The stimulus for vision is light. The eye is divided into two chambers - the anterior chamber containing aqueous humor and the posterior chamber containing vitreous humor. The cornea and lens work together to refract light and focus images onto the retina. Common eye conditions include strabismus (eye misalignment), cataracts (lens opacities), myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism (corneal distortion).

Uploaded by

Richie Brian Stephen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Psychology 4051

The Eye/Optics
Light
The stimulus for vision is light energy-a small part of
the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.
Other organisms are sensitive to other parts of the
electromagnetic spectrum.
Light
The wavelength of light determines the hue or color
that we perceive.
The Eye
The eye possess a circular shape
Eyeball is often referred to as a globe.
The eye is held in position and moved by a
series of six extraocular muscles.
The Eye
Strabismus: Misalignment in
the position of the eyes.
Esotropia: One or both eyes
are misaligned in the inward
position.
Exotropia: One or both eye
are misaligned in the
outward direction.
The Eye
Strabismus can be treated by adjusting the
extraocular muscles.
E.g., in esotropia, the medial rectus muscle
can be recessed.
The Eye
The eye is divided into two chambers
Anterior chamber: the region of the eye between the
cornea and the lens that contains aqueous humor.
The Eye
Aqueous Humor: a clear watery fluid that
occupies the front chamber of the eye and
nourishes the lens and the cornea.
The Eye
Posterior Chamber: Rear section of the eye
from the back of the lens to the retina.
Filled with vitreous humor.
The Eye/Optics
The stimulus for vision is light.
For us to perceive objects and patterns, the
eye must take light reflected of the surface of
the object or pattern, and project it onto the
retina.
The light must be refracted and focused on
the retina
The Eye/Optics
The Eye/Optics
Cornea: Carries out the
initial bending of light.
The primary refractive
surface.
Pupil: An opening in the
front of the eye through
which light passes.
The Eye/Optics

Iris: A series of muscles that control the size of


the pupil, and in turn, controls the amount of
light entering the eye.
The Eye/Optics
The Eye/Optics
Coloboma: an
abnormality in the iris
that leads to an
irregularly shape pupil.
The Eye/Optics
Lens: a transparent
biconvex structure
that refracts light.
Changes its thickness
(accommodates) to
focus objects at
different distances.
The Eye/Optics
Suspended by the zonule fibers which are attached to
the ciliary body/muscles.
The Eye/Optics

Distant Objects: Ciliary


muscles contract, lens is
relatively flat
Near Objects: Ciliary
muscles relax, lens is
spherical
The Eye/Optics

Cataract: Opacities on the


lens which disrupt the
passage of light and prevent
the formation of a sharp
image on the retina.
The Eye/Optics
The eye is approximately 24 mm long.
If the eye is substantially shorter or longer,
optical problems will occur.
Myopia: the eye is too long to match its focal
power. The image is focused in front of the
retina.
The Eye/Optics
Corrected with a
concave lens that
reduces overall
refractive power
The Eye/Optics
Hyperopia: The eye is too short to match its
focal power. The image is formed in behind
the retina.
Also referred to as hypermetropia.
The Eye/Optics
Corrected with a
convex lens that
increases the overall
refractive power of
the eye.
The Eye/Optics
Astigmatism: a distortion in the shape of the
cornea.
The cornea is curved more sharply along one
axis than along the other.
As a result, the image is distorted.
Can be corrected by using a lens that
counteracts the distortion
The Eye/Optics

If one or more of these lines appears faint, or


fuzzy, you have astigmatism along that
meridian.

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