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Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is a technique where the original data signal is multiplied with a pseudo-random noise spreading code that has a higher chip rate, resulting in a wideband scrambled signal. This improves protection against interference and jamming, especially from narrowband signals, while also providing transmission security if the code is not publicly known. DSSS was first used by the military in the 1940s and remains very popular for them due to these advantages.

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Rico Bernando
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22 views7 pages

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is a technique where the original data signal is multiplied with a pseudo-random noise spreading code that has a higher chip rate, resulting in a wideband scrambled signal. This improves protection against interference and jamming, especially from narrowband signals, while also providing transmission security if the code is not publicly known. DSSS was first used by the military in the 1940s and remains very popular for them due to these advantages.

Uploaded by

Rico Bernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Direct Sequence

Spread Spectrum (DSSS)


Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is a spread spectrum


technique whereby the original data signal is multiplied with a
pseudo random noise spreading code. This spreading code has a
higher chip rate (this the bitrate of the code), which results in a
wideband time continiuous scrambled signal.
DSSS significantly improves protection against interfering (or
jamming) signals, especially narrowband and makes the signal less
noticeable. It also provides security of transmission if the code is
not known to the public. These reasons make DSSS very popular by
the military. In fact, DSSS was first used in the 1940s by the
military.
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

Each bit represented by multiple bits using spreading code.


Spreading code spreads signal across wider frequency band.
- In proportion to number of bits used
- 10 bit spreading code spreads signal across 10 times
bandwidth of 1bit code
One method :
- Combine input with spreading code using XOR
- Input bit 1 inverts spreading code bit
- Input zero bit doesnt alter spreading code bit
- Data rate equal to original spreading code
Performance similar to FHSS
For BPSK modulation the building blocks of a DSSS system are:
Input :
o Binary data dt with symbol rate Rs = 1/Ts (= bitrate Rb for BPSK)
o Pseudo-noise code pnt with chip rate Rc = 1/Tc (an integer of Rs)
Spreading :
o In the transmitter, the binary data dt (for BPSK, I and Q for QPSK) is directly
multiplied with the PN sequence pnt, which is independant of the binary data,
to produce the transmitted baseband signal txb
txb = dt . pnt
Despreading :
The spread spectrum signal cannot be detected by a conventional narrowband
receiver. In the receiver, the received baseband signal rx b is multiplied with the
PN sequence pnr.
o If pnr = pnt and synchronized to the PN sequence in the received data, than
the recovered binary data is produced on dr. The effect of multiplication of the
spread spectrum signal rxb with the PN sequence pnt used in the transmitter
is to despread the bandwidth of rxb to Rs.
o If pnr pnt than there is no despreading action. The signal dr has a spread
spectrum. A receiver not knowing the PN sequence of the transmitter cannot
reproduce the transmitted data.
DSSS Example

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