eMBMS

Evolved Multimedia Broadcast

& Multicast Services
 Contents
A

1.Introduction
2.eMBMS Architecture, Services & Area
Definitions
3.eMBMS Test Scenarios
4.Parameters
5.eMBMS Service Continuity SIB15
6.MOP for eMBMS Testing

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 2

 Introduction
Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS) provide support
for the transmission of multimedia content such as text, pictures,
audio and video. MBMS can be used for the transmission of mobile
television services.
In general, MBMS provides support for:
broadcast services - 'point-to-multipoint' unidirectional
downlink transmissions from a cell to a population of UE. Each
UE receives downlink data using the same air-interface
resources. This helps to improve the efficiency of data
transmission by avoiding the requirement for dedicated
resource allocations
multicast services - are similar to broadcast services from the
perspective of providing 'point-to-multipoint' unidirectional
downlink transmissions from a cell to a population of UE.
Multicast services require additional UE specific procedures
prior to the reception of the MBMS data, i.e. the 'subscription'
and 'joining' procedures are required. The UE specific 'leaving
procedure is also used when a UE stops the reception of MBMS
data
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 3
 Introduction
Multicast is likely to be applicable to specialised subscription
services, e.g. transmission of results from a sporting event or
subscription based television content. Broadcast is likely to be
applicable to more general services, e.g. transmission of
promotional videos and non-subscription based television
content
LTE includes support for the broadcast component of MBMS but
not the multicast component. This is in contrast to UMTS which
includes support for both the broadcast and multicast
components
Some aspects of MBMS for LTE were defined within the release 8
version of the specifications, e.g. the PMCH physical channel
was defined. However, complete support for MBMS was not
provided until the release 9 version of the specifications.
Enhancements were subsequently introduced within the release
10 version of the specifications, e.g. the UE counting procedure

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 4

 Introduction
MBMS uses the hierarchy of area types
An MBMS Service Area is the area within which the data
belonging to a specific MBMS service is transmitted.
An MBSFN Synchronisation Area is defined by a collection of
eNode B which can be synchronised to perform MBSFN
transmissions.
Each RF carrier at an eNode B can belong to a maximum of 1
MBSFN Synchronisation Area.
The definition of an MBSFN Synchronization Area is not
dependent upon the definition of the MBMS Service Areas, i.e.
the MBMS Service Area determines the area within which a
service is broadcast, while the MBSFN Synchronisation Area
defines a group of eNode B which can be synchronized

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 5

 Introduction
MBMS over a Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) corresponds to
the simulcast transmission of MBMS services, i.e. simultaneous
transmission of identical data streams from multiple time
synchronised cells using the same RF carrier. Identical air-
interface resources are used by each cell so the set of multiple
transmissions appear as a single transmission from the UE
perspective.
MBSFN transmissions always use the extended cyclic prefix to
allow for inaccuracies in the time synchronization between
neighboring eNode B. These inaccuracies appear to the UE as
additional delay spread and tend to increase the overall delay
spread.
The overall delay spread must remain less than the duration of
the extended cyclic prefix to avoid the delay spread from
generating interference
MBSFN transmissions help to improve the signal-to-noise ratio
towards cell edge. Intercell interference is changed into
additional wanted signal power. Cell edge conditions define the
upper
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 Introduction
UE are able to receive MBMS services in both RRC Idle and RRC
Connected modes
MBMS services are supported by both the FDD and TDD variants
of LTE.
There is no uplink feedback channel for MBMS so
retransmissions are not supported. MBMS uses unacknowledged
mode RLC so sequence numbers are included by the RLC layer
but there is no support for RLC retransmissions. Similarly, MBMS
does not use HARQ retransmissions
Only a subset ofsubframes can be configured for MBSFN:
in the case of FDD, subframes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8 can be used
for MBSFN
in the case of TDD, subframes 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 can be used
for MBSFN
Other subframes are excluded to avoid conflict with the PBCH,
synchronisation signals and paging messages. In the case of
TDD, subframe 2 is excluded because it is always an uplink
subframe
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 1. eMBMS Architecture, Services & Area
Definitions

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 Why eMBMS ?

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 eMBMS
Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS) is a point
to Multipoint service, designed to provide efficient delivery of
broadcast and Multicast services
The MBMS Bearer Service includes Multicast at the core and
Broadcast over LTE Air Interface
eMBMS has been standardized in various groups of 3GPP, part of
LTE release 9
The LTE version of eMBMS is based on Simulcast transmission by
transmission of identical waveform at same time from multiple cell.
Flexibility of spectrum usage , have eliminated the need for
dedicated spectrum , which was an issue prior to release 9
Currently observed trafic volume explosion due to increased
availability of smart phones results in increased congestion in the
network
eMBMS solution enable decreased network traffic while continuing
to provide a similar level of service to customers by offloading it on
broadcast
Competing technologies of eMBMS include
DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcast Handheld ),DVB-T (Terrestrial),
DVB-SH(Satellite to Handheld), DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting),

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 10

 IP Unicast Vs Multicast

IP Unicast End
1 Device
2 Router
3 End
Serv
er
Device
Router
Router
Router End
Router Device

IP Multicast End
Device
Router
1 End
Serv
er
Device
Router
Router
Router End
Router Device
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 11
 What is eMBMS ?

eMBMS is Evolved Multimedia Broadcast

Multicast Services

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 12

 eMBMS Advantage
Efficient Broadcast Delivery to a Large
Number of Users
Capacity offload from unicast transmission for common
content
Reuse Existing LTE Spectrum for Broadcast

Same LTE carrier resource is flexibly allocated between

unicast and broadcast

Enable Superior Performance of High Throughput and

Excellent Coverage
OFDM signals enhance the gain from single frequency
network transmission

Cost Effective Upgrade of LTE Networks and

Devices
Leverage LTE ecosystem for mass market adoption

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 13

 eMBMS Architecture

MCE and BM-SC are additional servers required for eMBMS

MCE: Multi-cell/Multicast Coordination Entity

MBMS GW: MBMS Gateway (SGW)
BMSC: Broadcast Multicast Service Centre

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 eMBMS Node Functionality
Multi-cell/multicast Coordination Entity (MCE) :
Allocation of the radio resources for all eNB in the MBSFN area for multi-cell MBMS
transmission.
Control multiple eNodeBs, each handling one or more cells.
Involved in MBMS Session Control Signaling

Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC):

Responsible for authorization and authentication, charging, and the overall
configuration of the data flow through the core network
Sending/broadcasting of MBMS packets to each eNB broadcasting the service
Performs MBMS Session Control Signaling (Session start/update/stop) towards the E-
UTRAN via MME

MBMS gateway (MBMS-GW)

Uses IP multicast as the means of forwarding MBMS user data to the eNB.
Sending/broadcasting of MBMS packets to each eNB transmitting the service
Performs MBMS Session Control Signaling (Session start/update/stop) towards the E-
UTRAN via MME

eNodeBs:
To support eMBMS, eNB is upgraded to support SYNC protocol with BMSC. The eNB
joins IP multicast, terminates the multicast control channel and indicates multicast
session start /stop to mobile devices.
Broadcas Multicast MBMS Unicast
BMSC
UE t eNB
GW
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 eMBMS Interfaces
MCE-MME Interface (M3):
Allows for MBMS Session Control Signaling (e.g, MBMS Session Start/Stop)

MCE-eNB Interface (M2):

Interface conveys radio configuration data for the multi-cell transmission mode
eNBs and session control signaling.

MBMSGW-eNB Interface (M1):

User-plane interface carries IP packets between the two network entities and uses
IP multicast for point-to multipoint delivery of user packets.

SGi-mb/SG-mb:
It is the reference point between BM-SC and MBMS GW function for MBMS data
delivery.

Sm
It is the reference point for the control plane between MME and MBMS GW.

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 eMBMS Channels Structure

PMCH is used to transfer MCH transport channel that multiplexes MCCH

signal channel and MTCH logical channel

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 eMBMS Detail Architecture

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19
 eMBMS Services

JIO TV

JIO
Cinema

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 eMBMS Service Area

MBMS Service Area#2

MBMS Service
Area#1

MBSFN Synchronization MBSFN Synchronization

Area #1 Area #2

MBSFN Area MBSFN Area MBSFN Area MBSFN Area

#1 #2 #3 #4

Reserved MBMS: Multimedia Broadcast and

Muticast Service
MBMS Service Area Cell MBSFN: MBMS Single Frequency Network

The geographic area or a set of cells that broadcast the same MBMS service. MBMS Service Areas
can be overlapped.
MBMS Synchronization Area
A set of eNBs that ofer MBMS service by using the same frequency and bandwidth in the same
PLMN ID, and SFN is synchronized.
MBSFN Area
A set of cells that have the same eMBMS scheduling in terms of time and frequency. UE can
combine eMBMS signal from the cells in the same MBSFN Area. The same MBSFN Area cannot
cover multiple MBSFN synchronization area.
One cell support up to 8 MBSFN Areas and 256 MBMS Service Areas as per 3GPP standard.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 21
 MBMS Service Area
MBMS Service Area is defined as a geographical area that
provides the same MBMS service.
MBMS Service areas can be overlapped geographically. When
BMSC initiates MBMS Session Start, it decides MBMS Service
Areas where it wants to broadcast MBMS data for the session.
MBMS Service Area ID identifies a group of cells within a PLMN,
which is independent of the physical location of the cells.
MBMS Service Area Design Rules:
MBMS Service Area ID must be unique within a PLMN
MBMS Service Areas can be overlapped
Maximum 256 MBMS SA IDs are allowed per cell
One MBMS Service Area can support multiple MBMS channels at the same
time
MBMS Service Area ID ranges between 0 and 65535 (Two octets long)
The value 0 has a special meaning; it shall denote the whole PLMN as the
MBMS Service Area (Ref: 3GPP TS23.003, TS29.061, TS23.246)

Note:
MBMS Service Area is not meant to do contents-synchronization between all
the cells that belong to the service area. (MBSFN Area do that)

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 eMBMS Service Area Design
Understanding eMBMS Service Requirements

One National Service Area

One National Channel

Local Service Area

Two Local Channel per town
800 towns

Three Simultaneous MBMS Channels are

provided as long as radio resources are
available

Two sub-frames per radio frame allocated

for eMBMS

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 23

 MBSFN Synchronization Area
MBSFN Synchronization Area is the area where all cells can be
synchronized and perform MBSFN transmission
MBSFN Synchronization Areas are independent from the
definition of MBMS Service Areas.
MBSFN Synchronization Area shall be distinguished by
Clock source (GPS or 1588)
Note: Samsung eNBs provide SFN-synchronization between GPS and
1588 eNBs. Therefore, they are not required to assign different MBSFN
Synchronization Area ID as long as the network provides high quality of
1588 synchronization.
Frequency and Bandwidth
PLMN

Note:
MBSFN Synchronization Area ID can be configured per eNB
MBSFN Synchronization Area shall not overlap each other

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 MBSFN Area Design (1/2)
MBSFN Area consists of a group of cells within an MBSFN
Synchronization Area of a network, which are co-ordinated to
achieve a MBSFN Transmission. A cell within an MBSFN
Synchronization Area may form part of multiple MBSFN Areas,
each characterized by diferent transmitted content and
participating set of cells.
MBSFN Area consists of a group of cells within an MBSFN
Synchronization Area of a network, which are coordinated to
achieve an MBSFN transmission
Note:
MBSFN Area SYNC
ID allocationSYNC
for a unique set of {SYNC_AREA_ID, List of SA}
SYNC
Maximum
=1 MBSFN=1 Areas : 256
=2 per MCE, 16 per eNB, 8 per Cell
SA=1 SYNC SA=1 SYNC SA=2 SYNC
MA= =1 MA= =2 MA= =2
1 SA=1 1 SA=2 3 SA=2
SYNC SYNC SYNC
MA= =1 MA= =2 MA= SYNC : MBSFN Synchronization Area
=1
1 SA=1 3 SA=2 3
SA=1 SYNC SYNC
MA=
ID
MA= =1 MA= =1
1 SA=1 1 SA=2 3
SYNC
SA : MBMS Service Area ID
SYNC
MA= =1 MA= =1 MA : MBSFN Area ID
1 SA=1 2 SA=2
SYNC SYNC
MA= =1 MA=
=1
1 SA=2 2
SA=1
MA= MA=
1 2
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 MBSFN Area Design (2/2)
Recommended MBSFN Area Design for JIO
One MBSFN Area covers one town or one countryside area
The MBSFN Area provide three broadcast channels : one for
nation-wide service, one for circle-wide service, and one for
town-wide service.

SA ID
=11~32

SA ID SA ID =1010~8880
=1

1 Nation-wide 22 Circle-wide 788 Town-wide Service

Service Area Service Area Area
66(22x3) Countryside
Service Area
854 MBSFN (All of them are disjoint)
Areas
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 26
 MBSFN Area Configuration Rules:
Multiple MBSFN areas supporting the same MBMS service area should
not be overlapped.
The same service cannot be delivered to multiple MBMS service areas if
they consequently have mapped to multiple MBSFN Areas that belong
to the same eNB.
It is desirable to consist of the MBSFN areas widely to get the efect of
combining radio signals at the edged areas among eNBs for the same
service, and to minimize the number of MBSFN areas overlapped per
cell to save the radio resources by allocating separate MCCH per
MBSFN area.
When cells are not synchronized in terms of SFN or when cells serve a
diferent carrier frequency or when cells serve a diferent PLMN set,
they must have a diferent MBSFN Synchronization Area ID from each
other.
If operator wants to split a geographical region into diferent MBSFN
areas, then operator can assign a diferent MBSFN Synchronization
Area ID. As a result, operator can limit eMBMS service area or separate
eMBMS service areas.

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 eMBMS Core Plan

Zone 1 Mumbai
Circles: 9
BMSC: 5
hi) MCE: 25
Del
(
2
one
Z

1
o n a i)
e Zone 2 Delhi
Z mb
u Circles: 13
(M
BMSC: 3
MCE: 22

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 Zone 1 (Mumbai)

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 Zone 2 (Delhi)

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 Resource Allocation Function (1/3)
Physical Resources shall be allocated for each MBSFN Area
maxSubframeNum
This limits the maximum number of sub-frames per radio frame which are used for
eMBMS. This value must be 2 in the RJIL network.
MCE decides the number of sub-frames based on the aggregate bit rate required
by MBMS bearers. As a result, MCE generates subframeAllocation
pattern(oneFrame) to be broadcast(SIB2)
RFAP : Radio Frame Allocation Period (n1, n2, n4, n8, n16, n32)
RFAP Ofset : Radio Frame Allocation Ofset (0..7)
This information is broadcasted through SIB2 and MCCH message
1 Radio Frame =
10ms

Available Resources in UL/DL Configuration #2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

D S U D D D S U D D
RFAP and RFAP Ofset Example:

RFAP=n1, RFAP
SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
Offset=0
RFAP=n2, RFAP
SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
Offset=0
RFAP=n4, RFAP
SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
Offset=0
RFAP=n4, RFAP
SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
Offset=1

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 31

 Resource Allocation Function(2/3)
Interleaving Resource Allocation between Adjacent
MBSFN Areas
When two Adjacent MBSFN Areas have the same eMBMS resource allocation
pattern, the broadcast channels will collide at the border and results in data
decoding errors. MBSFN AREA
#1
MBSFN AREA MBSFN AREA MBSFN AREA
#1 #2 #2

Interferen
ce

MBSFN AREA
#1
maxSubframeNum=4 SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
,
MBSFN
RFAP=n2,AREA
RFAP No
Offset=0
Interleaving resource
Collision allocation can avoid the interference.
#2
maxSubframeNum=4 SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
,
RFAP=n2, RFAP
Offset=1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
D S U D D D S U D D

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 Resource Allocation Function(3/3)
Inter-MCE Coordinated Resource Allocation
A large MBSFN Area(e.g. Delhi or Mumbai) requires multiple MCEs to support
the same area. All of the cells shall be contents-synchronized even if they
belong to diferent MCEs.
All eNBs in the area must be connected to the
MBSFN AREA same MBMS-GW and BMSC.
#1 Both MCEs are recommend to be located in
the same office with MME and BMSC to
minimize the delay.
MCE#1 MCE#2
MBMS GW BMSC

Both MCE#1 and MCE#2 must be configured to have the same resource
allocation pattern for MBSFN AREA #1. And, they must command the same
session start 0time
1 2 for
3 4the
5 eNBs,
6 7 8 which
9 requires almost same delay between
D S U D D D S U D D
each
MCE #1MCE and BMSC.
maxSubframeNum=2
, SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
RFAP=n1, RFAP
Soft
Offset=0
MCE #2 Combining
maxSubframeNum=2
, SFN=0 SFN=1 SFN=2 SFN=3 SFN=4 SFN=5 SFN=6 SFN=7
RFAP=n1, RFAP
Offset=0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
D S U D D D S U D D

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 TMGI/PMCH Config
TMGI stands for "Temporary Mobile Group Identity". While
establishing each eMBMS session, BM-SC server provides a
unique identifier i.e. TMGI to identify a MBMS session within
the PLMN.
TMGI is a combination of "PLMN" + "Service Id" . As usual,
PLMN is encoded by using 3 octets and service id is also 3
bytes long.
SessionId is an optional information which may be provided by
BM-SC server at the time of session establishment.
TMGI
Sf- Service
Session Sf-Alloc Remarks
MCC MNC AllocSt ID
Index art
End
(pmch
id)
Service
22 0 5 0 (1) Announcemen
t
23 6 43 2 (2)
405 874
27 44 81 6 (3) 2 Live TV and
2 Carousel
25 82 86 4 (4) Filecast
26 87 95 5 (5)
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 34
 Middleware Makes a Diference !!!
Middlewareis the software that LTE modems need in order to play
video in multicast mode.
It controls the LTE modem, and receives the streams on the device,
decodes them, and then displays the content through a separate DASH
(Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) Video Player.
Currently we are using Qualcomm and Expway Middleware in JIO
commercial network.
Unlike ARQ in Unicast, FEC (Forward Error Correction) is used in
Multicast services.
FEC is used at Physical Layer as well as Application Layer.

At Physical Layer, Turbo Codes are used (Physical Layer- Error Coding
for protecting against corruption) and at Application Layer (For Packet
Loss protection), we use various coding techniques: RS (Reed-
Solomon), Raptor, LDPC.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 35

 Extended CP
Extended cyclic prefix is intended for scenarios with particularly high
delay spread.

While normal CP is suitable for urban environment and high data rate
applications, extended CP is for Multimedia Broadcast Multicast
Service (MBMS) and very large cell scenarios with large delay spread.
Extended CP is defined in 15kHz subcarrier spacing and 7.5kHz (not
supported) subcarrier spacing. The duration of extended CP is 16.7 us
for 15 kHz subcarrier spacing and 33.3 us for 7.5 kHz subcarrier
spacing. These durations are equivalent to the distances of 5km and
10km (whereas Normal CP is equivalent to distance ~ 1.4 to 1.6 km)

The MBSFN RSs are spaced more closely in the frequency domain than
for the non-MBSFN transmission, reducing the separation to every
other subcarrier instead of every sixth subcarrier. This improves the
accuracy of the channel estimation that can be achieved for the longer
delay spreads.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 36

 eMBMS Capacity
UE that support eMBMS service

MCE and MBMS-GW and BMSC are required. MME and LSM to support
eMBMS
The maximum allowed M2 session start request for MCE to process is
10 request per second, when 3000 eNB is connected to one MCE.
8 MBSFN Areas per Cell

16 MBSFN Areas per eNB

16 MBMS Sessions per PMCH

eNB cannot store MBMS data more than 20 seconds due to the
limitation of bufer

256 Sessions per MCE

16 Sessions per Cell

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 37

 eMBMS Session Monitoring (through LSM-R)
This feature checks the service quality and the normality of the service
operation status for each session from BMSC that transmits eMBMS
data to eNB that broadcasts eMBMS data via MBMS GW.
Unlike unicast sessions, a MBMS session must be kept very long time
period, and there is no feedback from UEs whether they receives MBMS
data successfully or not. Therefore, a service monitoring tool is
required for operator to monitor whether MBMS data is normally
broadcast or not.
In this feature, one can monitor each session based on TMGI. Provided
information includes the total number of transmitted and received
packets, discarded packets, delayed packets, radio usage rate, and a
plurality of configuration information. Also we can check each cell and
eNB whether they normally provide eMBMS service or not.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 38

 eMBMS Synchronization
For eMBMS service, eNBs that belong to the same MBSFN Area must
broadcast the same eMBMS data at the same time, so eMBMS UEs in
the boarder area of eNBs can combine radio signals from multiple eNBs
to decode MBMS data without interference. For this, the eNBs should
be basically synchronized in terms of SFN.

SYNCHRONIZATION will be in terms of:

System Frame Number synchronization among eNBs (GPS ToD)
M2 control message synchronization
eMBMS content transmission synchronization

M2 Control Message Synchronization:

Both eNB and MCE shall have the
Synchronized SFN
SFN management function in MCE shall
exchange messages to synchronize SFN
(every 60 seconds)

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 39

 Q&A
Q: How an MBMS bearer context is identified within the network ?
A: Each MBMS bearer context is identified by using TMGI along with IP
multicast address and APN. TMGI is a globally unique identifier.

Q: In LTE what is the relationship between MBSFN synchronization area

with MBMS service area ?
A: Geographical location is divided into MBMS service areas and each
cell of eNodeB (in case of multicell) can belong to one MBSFN area.
MBSFN synchronization area is a geographical location under which all
the cells belong to same MBFSN area are tightly time synchronized and
all of them transmit same content over the same radio resource i.e.
time and frequency both by using same MCS. The UE which has
subscribed for the session can receive the same data from two
diferent cells without causing any problem since all the cell belong to
same MBSFN are tightly synchronized.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 40

 eMBMS Bandwidth and Throughput
Throughput (20MHz BW)
Throughput
No of RB MCS I_TBS TBS
(Mbps)
100 14 13 25456 ~ 5 Mbps

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 eMBMS Coverage Probability
As MCS grows, eMBMS throughput increases while its Coverage
decreases.
Current RF planning condition has been set 2 sub frames and MCS 14
condition.
Simulation result shows that with 2 Sub frame & MCS 14, eMBMS
service at edge will be afected.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 42

 L3 Call Flow
SIB2: It will state whether is cell is
capable of eMBMS services and will
have information regarding: mbsfn
subframe configuration (RFAP, RFAP
Offset & subframe allocation)

SIB13: MBMS control information

associated with one or more MBSFN
areas.

Mbsfn area Configuration: UEs

need to receive the
MBSFNAreaConfiguration to receive one
or more MBMS services from a single
MBSFN area. The message lists the
PMCHs that the MBSFN area is using.
This message will repeat after every
MCCH modification period. This
message provides scheduling
information for the MTCH. Multiple
messages will be received at a given
time if multiple MBSFN areas are
configured for single cell.

At the change of MBSFN

Area, info will be
available in SIB13.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 43

 Detailed Call Flow

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 44

 IP Multicasting

IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol

PIM-SSM: Protocol Independent Multicast Source Specific Multicast
It is termed protocol-independent because PIM does not include its own topology discovery mechanism, but instead uses
routing information supplied by other routing protocols.
PIM Source-Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) builds trees that are rooted in just one source, offering a more secure and
scalable model for a limited amount of applications (mostly broadcasting of content). In SSM, an IP datagram is transmitted
by a source S to an SSM destination address G, and receivers can receive this datagram by subscribing to channel (S,G).
(S,G) : Denotation for IP Datagram, S-Source and G-SSM Destination Address
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 45
 2. eMBMS: Test Scenarios:
1. Entry/Exit Scenario
2. eMBMS with DL Unicast
3. Incoming Voice Call during eMBMS Session
4. Incoming Video Call during eMBMS Session
5. Outgoing Voice/Video Call (Background) during eMBMS Session
(Foreground)
6. Multi-MBSFN Area Test

Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. Confidential and Proprietary.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 46
 eMBMS Scenario-1
Testing was done to verify the exit and entry RSRP/SINR.
Testing was carried out in a single cell coverage area to accurately
determine the values required for eMBMS service.
Area chosen for testing: Shilphata (eNB-3232)
Summary of the test done is mentioned in the next slide.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 47

 Test Summary

Test Type Serving PCI RSRP SINR PMCH BLER

-129.28 -6.72 15% (Buffering)

Exit 156
Buffering (-116.39) Buffering (4.82) 52% (blank)
1
27.14%
Entry 156 -115.41 4.80
(Buffering)

-121.36 -0.51
Exit 156 85.71% (Blank)
Buffering (-116.06) Buffering (3.82)
2
41.67
Entry 156 -116.16 4.60
(Buffering)

26.15
-120.74 -0.38
Exit 156 (Buffering)
Buffering (-114.60) Buffering (5.05)
73.91% (Blank)
3
18.57%
Entry 156 -113.77 7.02
(Buffering)

PMCH BLER is the most important statistic to check for buffering.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 48

 Test-1 Statistics

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 Test-2 Statistics

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 Test-3 Statistics

Buffering

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 Bufering Scenario

Buffering was observed with decrease in RSRP (< -115) and SINR (< 5) along with increase in
PMCH BLER. Also decrease in MAC eMBMS bytes observed during buffering.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 52

 Exit Scenario (Entering No Service
Zone)

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 Messages during exit

After this Radio Link Failure

happens and UE enters into No
Coverage Area

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 Entry Scenario

First Snap shows eMBMS starts with High Buffering along with High PMCH BLER.
Total bytes transferred is also very less during High BLER scenario.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 55
 RB Usage, MCS Comparison

Last 2 columns shows MCS comparison between eMBMS and Unicast session. It clearly shows that buffering
starts when PMCH BLER gets high. Also at that time we can see Unicast MCS dropping below 14.
RB usage (incl. 0) shows usage is approx. 20 RBs with 2 sub-frames configured in our network.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 56

 Scenario 2: Simultaneous Unicast DL with eMBMS
Session

eMBMS Session

FTP Download
at same time

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 Scenario 2: Unicast DL with eMBMS Session: RB Usage

Unicast with Only Unicast

eMBMS

RB allocation is high in cells with only unicast services

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 58

 Scenario 3 & 4: Incoming Voice/Video Call during
eMBMS Session

Voice Call

Video Call
During eMBMS Session, voice and video call was received.
At that time session got temporarily suspended and eMBMS MAC bytes
transferred and PMCH throughput was zero.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 59
 Incoming VoLTE Call Message Flow

eMBMS Session

VoLTE Call

eMBMS Session
Resumed

UE was in connected mode, so during incoming voice call, RRC connection reconfiguration
is triggered to add the QCI-1 bearer

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 60

 VoLTE: RRC Connection Reconfiguration

In RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, we can see the eps-Bearer Identity =8 which is
for QCI-1.
eps-Bearer Identity to QCI mapping can be checked from Activate Dedicated EPS bearer
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. context request 61
 VoLTE: Bearer Activation

QCI-1 Bearer Activation and on call disconnection, bearer deactivation.

Once the QCI-1 bearer is deactivated, we can see eMBMS services resuming back.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 62
 Incoming Video Call Message Flow

eMBMS Session (MCCH)

Video Call

UE was in connected mode, so during incoming video call, RRC connection reconfiguration
is triggered to add the QCI-2 & QCI-1 bearer

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 63

 Video Call: RRC Connection
Reconfiguration

QCI-2

QCI-1

Once RRC Connection Reconfiguration is triggered, we can see QCI-2 & QCI-1 Bearer Activation and on
disconnection, bearer deactivation.
Once the bearers are deactivated, we can see eMBMS services resuming back.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 64
 Scenario 5: Outgoing Voice/Video Call (Background)
with eMBMS Session (Foreground)

eMBMS eMBMS eMBMS

Voice Call Video Call

QCI-1
Bearer

QCI-2
Bearer

1. VoLTE Call was originated from UE and simultaneously after some time, eMBMS session was started. Called Party
could still hear the conversation from Calling Party. Both the services were working fine simultaneously.
2. Video Call was originated from UE and simultaneously after some time, eMBMS session was started. Called Party
could
could still
still hear
hear the
the voice
voice and
and see
see the
the video
video from
from Calling
Calling Party.
Party. Both
Both the
the services
services were
were working
working fine
fine simultaneously.
simultaneously.
** Note: During both the sessions, volume of the eMBMS service was very low which was automatically set by the APP.
2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 65
 Scenario 5: L3 Messages- Voice Call with
eMBMS

QCI-1
Bearer
activation

QCI-1 eMBMS Service

Bearer running with Voice
deactivation Call

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 66

 Scenario 5: L3 Messages- Video Call with
eMBMS

QCI-1 & 2
Bearer QCI-2
activation

QCI-1

QCI-1 & 2
Bearer
eMBMS Service
deactivation running with Video
Call

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 67

 Scenario 6: Multi-MBSFN Area/Sync
Area
For this test, we selected RCP Cluster as found MBSFN Area 0 & 1 and
at the same boundary we observed change in synchronization area too.
RCP eNB details are as below:
MBSFN
Circle Cluster Site Name Cell Name PCI Alpha Sync Area
Area
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4501 174 0 1
4501-0
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4501 175 0 1
4501-1
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4501 176 0 1
4501-2
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4502 42 0 1
4502-0
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4502 43 0 1
4502-1
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4502 44 0 1
4502-2
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4503 147 0 1
4503-0
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4503 148 0 1
4503-1
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4503 149 0 1
4503-2
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4504 51 0 1
4504-0
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4504 52 0 1
4504-1
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4504 53 0 1
4504-2
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4505 105 0 1
4505-0
I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
MU MU-MUMB-0124 I-MU-MUMB-ENB-4505 106 0 1
4505-1
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I-MU-MUMB-ENB-
 High PMCH BLER at border

Site with
different
MBSFN/Sync
Area

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 Actual L3 Messages from X-CAP

mbsfnareaconfigurati
on

SIB2

SIB1
3

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 Service Availability to check eMBMS
Service Availability:
Check Unicast service status.
Check whether LSMR eMBMS Status is equipped or unequipped .
Check SIB-2 parameter for eMBMS Info to confirm eMBMS service status. (Snapshot shown
below)

eMBMS equipped
case

No eMBMS
Info

eMBMS
Unequipped case

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 71

 3. Parameters

Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. Confidential and Proprietary.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 72
 Parameters for eMBMS Session

mbsfnAreaConfig sib2 sib13

uration

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 Parameter details

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 74

 SIB 15 Support (eMBMS Service
Continuity)

Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. Confidential and Proprietary.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 75
 Test Case-1: 850-2300 HO (1/2)

App is clicked to start

eMBMS
resulting in SIB15 and
eMBMS
Interest indication
message

Post receiving the eMBMS

interest indication
message, A5
event is triggered resulting
in
Inter-Freq HO from 850 to
2300

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 76

 Test Case-1: L3 messages (2/2)
SIB15
eMBMS
Interest
Indication
Inter-
Frequency
HO

eMBMS
Services
being used

eMBMS
SIB15 Interest
Indication

EARFCN
EARFCN having
having eMBMS
eMBMS and
SA List

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 77

 Test Case-2: 1800-2300 HO (1/2)

App is clicked to start

eMBMS
resulting in SIB15 and
eMBMS
Interest indication
message

Post receiving the eMBMS

interest indication
message, A5
event is triggered resulting
in
Inter-Freq HO from 850 to
2300

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 78

 Test Case-2: L3 messages (2/2)

eMBMS
Interest
Indication
Inter-
Frequency
HO

eMBMS
Services
being used

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 79

 Test Case-3: Fallback from 2300 to 850
(1/2)
SIB15
eMBMS Interest
Indication
Inter-Frequency
HO from 850-
2300

eMBMS
Services
being used

Inter-Frequency
HO from 2300-850
when RSRP went
below -90 dBm even
though the APP was
running on UE

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 80

 Fallback from 2300 to 850 (2/2)

1. UE was initially latched on 850 Band

2. Then App was started resulting in eMBMS Service Indication and Inter-frequency HO from 850
to 2300 band
3. Multiband parameter was configured in such a way that when 2300 band RSRP gets weaker
than -90 dBm then it will make an Inter-frequency HO.
4. Now, UE was moved in RSRP conditions (<-90 dBm) with Broadcast App running, still it made
an HO to 850 band
resulting in Broadcast to stop.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 81

 Issues

Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. Confidential and Proprietary.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 82
 Idle Mode behavior

Cell
reselection
from EARFCN
38800 to 1234
due to IMLB

Cell
reselection
from EARFCN
38800 to
39350 due to
IMLB

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 83

 Cell Reselection Switch
In the multi-carrier network where only one carrier provides eMBMS service, UEs
connected to the other carrier could not recognize that the network provides
eMBMS service on a neighbor carrier. To resolve this problem, 3GPP Release 11
introduced SIB 15 that carries a list of Service Area ID per carrier. On receiving
the SIB15, UE can send the MBMSInterestIndication message to move to the
carrier that provides an interested eMBMS service. Then, eNB will handover this
UE to the carrier.
In PKG 600, reselection priority in eMBMS service UE has been added as an
enhancement.
If the UE using eMBMS service transit to Idle mode, eNB decision for eMBMS
service UE based on UE sent MBMSInterestIndication message to the eNB. And
eNB set the dedicated priority (using Idle mobility) of the eMBMS frequency to
the high ranking in the RRC Connection Release message.
eMBMS service UE can maintain eMSMS service in the Idle mobility.

If the UE using
eMBMS ser-vice
transit to Idle mode,
eNB set the dedicated
prio-rity (using Idle
mobility) of the
eMBMS frequency to
the high ranking in
the RRC Connection
Release msg.

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 84

 Cell Reselection Switch Testing
Test Case - No IMLB and only Cell Reselection Switch =
On

eMBMS
running on
UE, so
EARFCN
given
highest
priority

eMBMS running on UE

No
messages
for eMBMS No eMBMS
(eMBMS running on
App UE,
closed) So no
priority in
release
message

2016 Samsung Electronics. All Rights Reserved. 85

Copyright and Confidentiality
Copyright 2016, SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. SAMSUNG Electronics reserves the right to make
changes to the specifications of the products detailed in this document at any time without notice and
obligation to notify any person of such changes. Information in this document is proprietary to SAMSUNG
Electronics Co., Ltd. No information contained here may be copied, translated, transcribed or duplicated
by any form without the prior written consent of SAMSUNG Electronics.