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Problem Analysis & Objective Analysis: National Productivity & Competitiveness Council (NPCC)

The document discusses problem analysis and objective analysis for project planning. It emphasizes that problem analysis is crucial, as one must address the root causes of problems in order to solve them sustainably. A problem tree is used to identify effects, the focal problem, and underlying causes. An objective tree then reformulates the problems as objectives and establishes the logical relationships between the overall objectives, project purpose, and results. This process transforms problems into clear objectives to guide intervention selection and evaluation.

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swet003
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38 views

Problem Analysis & Objective Analysis: National Productivity & Competitiveness Council (NPCC)

The document discusses problem analysis and objective analysis for project planning. It emphasizes that problem analysis is crucial, as one must address the root causes of problems in order to solve them sustainably. A problem tree is used to identify effects, the focal problem, and underlying causes. An objective tree then reformulates the problems as objectives and establishes the logical relationships between the overall objectives, project purpose, and results. This process transforms problems into clear objectives to guide intervention selection and evaluation.

Uploaded by

swet003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Analysis

&
Objective Analysis
National
Productivity &
Competitiveness
Council (NPCC)
2
3
Typical Structure of a Logframe Matrix

4
Why participatory approach?

5
PROBLEM ANALYSIS CRUCIAL!

As with weeds, the roots must be


tackled, if the weeds are to
disappear
Problem Analysis

Finding the roots of the evil


Which is the problem to be solved?
Who owns the problem?
One focal problem, focus!
Find the causes and effects to the focal
problem
The causes of the problem shall be tackled
through activities within the framework of the
project in order to solve the problem in a
sustainable way
Problem Tree
EFFECT

CAUSE
Example NPCC

10
Important Definitions

PROBLEMS:
Negative conditions which exist instead of desired and
realistically achievable positive conditions.

Problems cannot be perceived if there is not at the same


time a feeling or an idea that a possibility for
improvement exists.

Problem = deviation or gap between targeted and actual


situation

11
Important Definitions

EFFECTS:
Deficiencies related to peoples lives and the various
conditions for their living past as well as present and
future ones which are unsatisfactory, difficult, insecure,
unclear, not easily improvable.

System thinking requires analysis of


repercussions/linkages need to define time relation in
each statement

Future implications are always most important

12
Important Definitions

CAUSES:

Constraints which results into deficiencies.

They may be related to peoples resources, to their


actions, to the results of their actions

E.g Low production is a cause which may lead to the


effect of low standards of living.

It is these factors that hinder people from achieving their


objectives
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Activity - Teamwork

Case study
Feminisation of Poverty

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Objective Analysis

Objective Tree
A basis for further decision-making
alternative interventions (projects)
The formulated objective must be
realistic, feasible and responding
to the situation
One problem= sometimes more
than one objective
15
Defining the objective

Problem Tree Objective Tree


Effects Overall objectives

Focal problem Project Purpose

Causes Results
Objective Tree

Reformulate the problems as objectives


Check the logic and plausibility of the
means-to-ends relationship
Adjust the structure wherever
necessary, revise statements
Add new objectives if these appear to
be relevant and necessary

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18
Objectives Tree
*

Ends

* Project Cycle Management Guide, 2004


Means
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Analysis of Alternatives

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