Finite Element Analysis

Using Abaqus

Instructor: Nam-Ho Kim ([email protected])

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 Abaqus Basics

Preprocessing
Interactive Mode
Abaqus/CAE

Input file (text): Analysis Input file

Job.inp

Simulation
FEM Solver
Abaqus/Standard

Output file:
Job.odb, job.dat

Postprocessing
Abaqus/CAE
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 Methods of Analysis in ABAQUS
Interactive mode
Create an FE model and analysis using GUI
Advantage: Automatic discretization and no need to remember
commands
Disadvantage: No automatic procedures for changing model or
parameters

Python script
All GUI user actions will be saved as Python script
Advantage: Users can repeat the same command procedure
Disadvantage: Need to learn Python script language

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 Methods of Analysis in ABAQUS
Analysis input file
ABAQUS solver reads an analysis input file
Possible to manually create an analysis input file
Advantage: Users can change model directly without GUI
Disadvantage: Users have to discretize model and learn ABAQUS
input file grammar

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 Components in ABAQUS Model
Geometry modeling (define geometry)
Creating nodes and elements (discretization)
Element section properties (area, moment of inertia, etc)
Material data (linear/nonlinear, elastic/plastic,
isotropic/orthotropic, etc)
Loads and boundary conditions (nodal force, pressure,
gravity, fixed displacement, joint, relation, etc)
Analysis type (linear/nonlinear, static/dynamic, etc)
Output requests

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FEM Modeling

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 FEM Modeling

Pressure

Beam element

Which analysis type?

Which element type?
Section properties
Material properties
Solid element
Loads and boundary conditions
Output requests
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 FEM Modeling

Line (Beam element)

- Assign section properties (area, moment of
inertia)
- Assign material properties

Volume (Solid element)

- Assign section properties
- Assign material properties
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 FEM Modeling

fixed BC

Line (Beam element)

- Apply distributed load on the line
- Apply fixed BC at the point

fixed BC

Volume (Solid element)

- Apply distribution load on the surface
- Apply fixed BC on the surface
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 FEM Modeling

Line (Beam element)

- Discretized geometry with beam element
- Discretized BC and load on nodes

Volume (Solid element)

- Discretized geometry with solid element
- Discretized BC and load on nodes
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 Start Abaqus/CAE
Startup window

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Example: Overhead Hoist

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 Units

Quantity SI SI (mm) US Unit (ft) US Unit (inch)

Length m mm ft in
Force N N lbf lbf
Mass kg tonne (103 kg) slug lbf s2/in
Time s s s s
Stress Pa (N/m2) MPa (N/mm2) lbf/ft2 psi (lbf/in2)
Energy J mJ (103 J) ft lbf in lbf
Density kg/m3 tonne/mm3 slug/ft3 lbf s2/in4

Abaqus does not have built-in units

Users must use consistent units

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 Create Part
Parts
Create 2D Planar, Deformable, Wire, Approx size = 4.0
Provide complete constrains and dimensions
Merge duplicate points

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 Geometry Constraint
Define exact geometry
Add constraints

Add dimension
Over constraint warning

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 Geometry Modification
Modify geometry modeling
1. Go back to the sketch 2. Update geometry

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 Define Material Properties
Materials
Name: Steel
Mechanical
Elasticity
Elastic

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 Define Section Properties
Calculate cross-sectional area using CLI (diameter = 5mm)
Sections
Name: Circular_Section
Beam, Truss
Choose material (Steel)
Write area

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 Define Section Properties
Assign the section to the part
Section Assignments

Select all wires

Assign Circular_Section

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 Assembly and Analysis Step
Different parts can be assembled in a model
Single assembly per model
Assembly
Instances: Choose the frame wireframe
Analysis Step
Configuring analysis procedure
Steps
Name: Apply Load
Type: Linear perturbation
Choose Static, Linear perturbation

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 Assembly and Analysis Step
Examine Field Output Request (automatically requested)
User can change the request

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 Boundary Conditions
Boundary conditions: Displacements or rotations are known
BCs
Name: Fixed
Step: Initial
Category: Mechanical
Type: Displacement/Rotation
Choose lower-left point
Select U1 and U2
Repeat for lower-right corner
Fix U2 only

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 Applied Loads
Loads
Name: Force
Step: Applied Load
Category: Mechanical
Type: Concentrated force
Choose lower-center point
CF2 = -10000.0

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 Meshing the Model
Parts
Part-1, Mesh
Menu Mesh, Element Types (side menu )
Select all wireframes
Library: Standard
Order: Linear
Family: Truss
T2D2: 2-node linear
2-D truss

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 Meshing the Model
Seed a mesh
Control how to mesh (element size, etc)
Menu Seed, Part (side menu )
Global size = 1.0
Menu Mesh, Part, Yes (side menu )
Menu View, Part Display Option
Label on

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 Mesh Modification
Menu Seed, Part (side menu )
Change the seed size (Global size) 1.0 to 0.5
Delete the previous mesh
Menu Mesh, Part, Yes (side menu )

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 Creating an Analysis Job
Jobs
Jobs, Truss
Data Check
Monitor
Continue (or, submit)

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 Postprocessing
Change Model tab to Results tab
Menu File, Open Job.odb file
Common Plot Option (side menu ), click on the Labels tab
(Show element labels, Show node labels)

Set Font for All Model Labels

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 Postprocessing
Deformation scale
Common Plot Option (side menu ), click on the Basic tab,
Deformation Scale Factor area

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 Postprocessing
Tools, XY Data, Manager
Position: Integration Point
Stress components, S11 (Try
with displacements and
reaction)

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 Postprocessing
Click on the Elements/Nodes tab
Select Element/Nodes you want to
see result and save
Click Edit to see the result

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 Postprocessing
Report, Field Output
Position: Integration Point
Stress components, S11 (Try
with displacements and
reaction)
Default report file name is
abaqus.rpt
The report file is generated in
C:\temp folder

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 Save
Save job.cae file
Menu, File, Save As
- job.cae file is saved
- job.jnl file is saved as well (user action history, python
code)

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