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Quantitative Principles of Computer Design

The document discusses quantitative principles of computer design, including Amdahl's law. [1] Amdahl's law quantifies performance gains from improving parts of a computation and shows that gains are limited by how often the enhancement is used. [2] It defines the speedup from using a feature based on the fraction of time spent using that feature and the speedup provided by the enhancement. [3] An example calculates that a new CPU providing 10x speedup on 40% of tasks would result in 1.56x overall system speedup.

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1K views10 pages

Quantitative Principles of Computer Design

The document discusses quantitative principles of computer design, including Amdahl's law. [1] Amdahl's law quantifies performance gains from improving parts of a computation and shows that gains are limited by how often the enhancement is used. [2] It defines the speedup from using a feature based on the fraction of time spent using that feature and the speedup provided by the enhancement. [3] An example calculates that a new CPU providing 10x speedup on 40% of tasks would result in 1.56x overall system speedup.

Uploaded by

millan100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

QUANTITATIVE

PRINCIPLES OF
COMPUTER DESIGN

Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 1
Computer Design
Make the common case Fast:-
It means , favor the frequent case over the
infrequent case.

Improving the frequent event than the rare


event.

The performance gain that can be obtained by


improving some portions of computer, which
can be calculated using Amdahls Law.

Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 2
Computer Design
Amdahls Law:-
Quantifies overall performance gain due to
improve in a part of a computation.(CPU
bound).

States that Performance improvement gained


from using some faster mode of execution is
limited by the amount of time the enhancement
is actually used.

It defines the speedup that can be gained by


using a particular feature. If enhancement to a
m/c. Which will improve performance when it is
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 3
used. Computer Design
Cont..
Performance for entire task using
enhancement when possible.
Speedup=
--------------------------------------------------------------
Performance for entire task without using
enhancement.
OR
Execution time for the task without
enhancement
Speedup =
----------------------------------------------------------------
Execution time for a task using enhancement
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 4
Computer Design
Amdahls Law and Speedup
Speedup tells us:

How much faster a machine will run


due to an enhancement.

For using Amdahls law two things


should
be considered:
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 5
Computer Design
Cont..
1st FRACTION ENHANCED

Fraction of the computation time in the original


machine that can use the enhancement
It is always less than or equal to 1

If a program executes in 30 seconds and 15


seconds of exec. uses enhancement, fraction
=

Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 6
Computer Design
Cont..

2nd SPEEDUP ENHANCED

Improvement gained by enhancement, that is


how much faster the task would run if the
enhanced mode is used for entire program.
Means the time of original mode over the time
of enhanced mode
It is always greater than 1
If enhanced task takes 3.5 seconds and original
task took 7secs, we say the speedup is 2.
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 7
Computer Design
Amdahls Law Equations
Excution time new=Execution time old*[(1-Fraction enhanced)+Fraction
enhanced/Speedup enhenced]

Hence the overal speedup is the ratio of the execution time:-

Execution time old


Speedup overal= --------------------------------
Execution time new

1
= ------------------------------------------------------
Fraction enhanced

[(1-Fraction enhanced)+ ----------------------------- ]


Speedup enhanced

Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 8
Computer Design
Example
Suppose that we are considering an
enhancement to the processor of a server
system used for web serving .The new CPU
is 10 times faster on computation in the
web serving application than the original
processor . Assuming that the original CPU
is busy with computation 40% of the time
& is waiting for i/o 60% of the time . What
is the overall speedup gained by
incorporating the enhancement?
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 9
Computer Design
Solution
Fraction enhanced=0.4
Speedup enhenced=10
Speed overall= 1
----------------------------
(1-0.4)+0.4/10
= 1
--------------------
0.6+0.4/10
=1.56
Quantitative Principles of
4/18/17 10
Computer Design

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