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Introduction To History and Schools of Psychology

Here are the meanings of the key terms: Epistemology - The theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope. Metaphysics - The branch of philosophy that examines the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, fact and value. Determinism - The doctrine that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes. Falsifiability - The principle that a statement, hypothesis, or theory can be proved false if a single observation is found that disagrees with it. Materialism - A doctrine that physical matter is the only or fundamental reality and that all being and processes and phenomena can be explained as manifestations

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19 views16 pages

Introduction To History and Schools of Psychology

Here are the meanings of the key terms: Epistemology - The theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope. Metaphysics - The branch of philosophy that examines the nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, fact and value. Determinism - The doctrine that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes. Falsifiability - The principle that a statement, hypothesis, or theory can be proved false if a single observation is found that disagrees with it. Materialism - A doctrine that physical matter is the only or fundamental reality and that all being and processes and phenomena can be explained as manifestations

Uploaded by

Alishbah Khan Niazii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to History

and Schools of Psychology


BS2
Instructor Bushra Tauseef
Lecture 1 Why study the history of Psychology?
I dont love studying. I hate
studying. I like learning.
Learning is beautiful.

- Natalie Portman
Learning Objectives

Be able to articulate:
What is Psychology?
What is the Psyche?
How history affects the present?
What is Philosophy?
What is Science?
Presentism vs. Historicism
What is Psychology?
What are the different applications/branches of
psychology?
What is Psyche?

From the Greek psu-khe, possibly derived from a word


meaning "warm blooded:" life, soul, ghost, departed
spirit, conscious self, personality, butterfly or moth.
What is Psyche?

Similar words
Thymos, meaning breath, life, soul, temper, courage, will;
Pneuma, meaning breath, mind, spirit, angel;
Nos, meaning mind, reason, intellect, or the meaning of
a word.
Story from Greek Mythology
What is Psyche?

The Greek name for a butterfly is Psyche, and the same


word means the soul. There is no illustration of the
immortality of the soul so striking and beautiful as the
butterfly, bursting on brilliant wings from the tomb in
which it has lain, after a dull, grovelling, caterpillar
existence, to flutter in the blaze of day and feed on the
most fragrant and delicate productions of the spring.
Psyche, then, is the human soul, which is purified by
sufferings and misfortunes, and is thus prepared for the
enjoyment of true and pure happiness.
From Bulfinch's Mythology: The Age of Fable, chapter
XI
Why should we study history?

Curiosity
Perspective
Deeper understanding
Recognition of Fads and Fashions
Avoiding repetition of mistakes
A source of valuable ideas
Why should we study the
Philosophical tradition?
Why Greek Philosophy?
Western accumulate or western intellectual history
begins with Greeks.
Why are the Greeks the starting point?
1. They had a written language
2. Trading and exposure
3. Small city states conflict, birth of different ideas
Concentrate and Observe
Write down what you observed?
4
Philosophy

Mother of all knowledge where all other disciplines


take birth from
Ability to think
To have an opinion
Logic
To be able to observe
To be able to theorise
Science

Systematic
Empirical Evidence
Falsifiable
Provable
Testable
Historiography

How should we study history?

1. Presentism Interpreting and evaluating historical


events in terms of contemporary knowledge and
standards.

2. Historicism The study of the past for its own sake,


without attempting to interpret and evaluate it in terms
of current knowledge and standards.
Learn What is the meaning
of the following?
Epistemology
Metaphysics
Determinism
Falsifiability
Materialism
Rationalism
Idealism
Empiricism
Ethics
Hedonism
Cynicism

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