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    Second Great Awakening

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    clarkcarm
    The document discusses social reforms that emerged during the Second Great Awakening period in the early 19th century in the United States. It describes how religious revivals led by figures like Charles Finney promoted the idea of human perfectibility and reinforced Christian values. This inspired other reform movements like abolitionism, which was advanced by writings from authors such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Grimke sisters. The document also outlines the rise of transcendentalism, education reform, temperance, prison reform, and women's rights movements during this era, as well as the responses they elicited, including defenses of slavery and the growth of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiment.

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    Second Great Awakening

    Uploaded by

    clarkcarm
    246 views23 pages
    The document discusses social reforms that emerged during the Second Great Awakening period in the early 19th century in the United States. It describes how religious revivals led by figures like Charles Finney promoted the idea of human perfectibility and reinforced Christian values. This inspired other reform movements like abolitionism, which was advanced by writings from authors such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Grimke sisters. The document also outlines the rise of transcendentalism, education reform, temperance, prison reform, and women's rights movements during this era, as well as the responses they elicited, including defenses of slavery and the growth of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiment.

    Original Description:

    4-5 April Class Notes

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    The document discusses social reforms that emerged during the Second Great Awakening period in the early 19th century in the United States. It describes how religious revivals led by figures like Charles Finney promoted the idea of human perfectibility and reinforced Christian values. This inspired other reform movements like abolitionism, which was advanced by writings from authors such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Grimke sisters. The document also outlines the rise of transcendentalism, education reform, temperance, prison reform, and women's rights movements during this era, as well as the responses they elicited, including defenses of slavery and the growth of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    246 views23 pages

    Second Great Awakening

    Uploaded by

    clarkcarm
    The document discusses social reforms that emerged during the Second Great Awakening period in the early 19th century in the United States. It describes how religious revivals led by figures like Charles Finney promoted the idea of human perfectibility and reinforced Christian values. This inspired other reform movements like abolitionism, which was advanced by writings from authors such as Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Grimke sisters. The document also outlines the rise of transcendentalism, education reform, temperance, prison reform, and women's rights movements during this era, as well as the responses they elicited, including defenses of slavery and the growth of nativism and anti-immigrant sentiment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 23

    SECOND GREAT

    AWAKENING
    4-5 APRIL 2017
    OBJECTIVES: STUDENTS
    WILL
    Describe the expansion of social rights before
    the Civil War

    Journal:
    Have you ever had a story that changed your
    opinion in an argument or on a topic? What
    story and why?
    SECOND GREAT AWAKENING

    1790s early 1800s Christian renewal movement


    Charles Grandison Finney brought new ideas:
    Individuals are responsible for their own salvation (not
    God) faith through good deeds
    Sin is unavoidable
    Human perfectibility that humans could (and
    should) approach the example of perfection set by God
    Reinforced Christian values and acts
    Led to other movements such as. (in purple)
    ABOLITIONISM
    ANTI-SLAVERY LITERATURE
    Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher
    Stowe (1852)
    Main character is a kind, old enslaved African
    American who is sold away from his wife and
    eventually beaten to death
    Popular - outrage over treatment of slaves led
    to a rise of abolitionism in the North
    ABOLITIONISM
    ANTI-SLAVERY LITERATURE
    Appeal to the Christian Women of
    the South (1836) + American
    Slavery as It Is
    Written by Angelina and Sarah Grimke
    Southern women from a slave owning family
    Asked women to convince their families that it
    wasnt Christian to keep slaves; described the
    realities of slavery
    Very popular in the North
    UTOPIAN SOCIETIES

    Experimental societies tried to form a perfect


    society
    Tried to create spiritual and cooperative
    societies
    Example: Brook Farm: contributed all their
    goods back to the community for fair
    distribution
    they didnt really work
    TRANSCENDENTALISM

    Transcendentalism the belief that people could


    transcend (rise above) the material things in life
    Emphasized the importance of individual
    experience and observation of the divine in
    Nature
    Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman, Alcott (among
    others)

    TRANSCENDENTALISM

    I have heard of a man lost in the woods and dying of


    famine and exhaustion at the foot of a tree, whose
    loneliness was relieved by the grotesque visions
    with which, owing to bodily weakness, his diseased
    imagination surrounded him, and which he believed
    to be real. So also, owing to bodily and mental
    health and strength, we may be continually cheered
    by a like but more normal and natural society, and
    come to know that we are never alone.
    Henry David Thoreau
    EDUCATION REFORM

    Problem: poor public education, especially in the


    West and South
    Most thought reading the Bible, and basic
    writing and math skills were enough
    Common-school movement and Horace Mann
    wanted all children taught in a common place
    regardless of background
    Womens Education and Catharine Beecher
    started an all-female academy (college level)
    TEMPERANCE

    Temperance movement asked people to use


    self-discipline to stop drinking hard liquor
    Drinking caused violence, poverty, and
    criminal behavior (the evils of alcohol)
    Strongly supported by women particularly
    those with alcoholic husbands
    PRISON REFORM

    Dorothea Dix middle class reformer who visited prisons


    Problem: mentally ill people were often jailed as
    criminals; jails also held orphans and runaway children;
    poor conditions in prison
    Movement to build state-funded facilities for the mentally
    ill
    Reform schools for orphaned / runaway children
    Houses of Correction offered education to prisoners,
    rather than just punishment for crimes
    WOMENS RIGHTS

    Sarah Grimke, Sojourner Truth, Harriet Beecher Stowe,


    the Transcendentalists
    Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone
    Called for equal education, property, and voting rights
    Seneca Falls Convention first public meeting about
    womens rights in the US
    Declaration of Sentiments detailed the injustices
    toward women 18 charges against men
    END OF CLASS 4 APRIL

    Objectives: Students will


    Describe the expansion of social rights
    before the Civil War

    Homework: Continue working on your


    study guide
    5 APRIL 2017
    OBJECTIVES: STUDENTS
    WILL
    Describe the response to social rights expansion
    before the Civil War.

    Journal: What reasons would cause non-slave


    owners to support slavery?
    SUPPORT FOR SLAVERY

    Northerners worry that freed slaves would


    move North and take jobs
    Threatened abolitionist leaders

    Government blockage Congress was


    forbidden from discussing anti-slavery
    petitions from 1836-1844
    SUPPORT FOR SLAVERY

    Southerners slavery is essential to the


    economic and cultural system of the South
    It was commonly thought that African
    Americans were not as intelligent and lazy, so
    they would have a difficult time being
    successful in society
    After Nat Turners Rebellion Southerners didnt
    openly oppose slavery
    John C. Calhoun slavery as a positive good
    JOHN C. CALHOUN SLAVERY
    AS A POSITIVE GOOD
    I hold that in the present state of civilization,
    where two races of different origin, and
    distinguished by color, and other physical
    differences, as well as intellectual, are brought
    together, the relation now existing in the
    slaveholding States between the two, is, instead of
    an evil, a gooda positive good. there never has
    yet existed a wealthy and civilized society in which
    one portion of the community did not, in point of
    fact, live on the labor of the other
    JOHN C. CALHOUN SLAVERY
    AS A POSITIVE GOOD
    Compare [the slaves] condition with the tenants
    of the poor houses in the more civilized portions of
    Europelook at the sick, and the old and infirm
    slave, on one hand, in the midst of his family and
    friends, under the kind superintending care of his
    master and mistress, and compare it with the
    forlorn and wretched condition of the pauper in the
    poorhouse.
    IMMIGRATION AND NATIVISM

    mid-1800s - 3 million immigrants to America


    Why?
    Irish Potato Famine lack of food caused people
    to leave
    Germans some escaping political persecution;
    some looking for better opportunity
    Europeans, Chinese, Latinos California Gold
    Rush
    IMMIGRATION AND NATIVISM

    Nativism policy of protecting the interests of


    native-born or established inhabitants against the
    interests of immigrants
    Know-Nothing Party nativist political party that
    wanted to make it difficult for foreigners to gain
    citizenship or hold office
    Didnt like recent immigrants or Catholics
    Wanted to require immigrants to live in the US
    21 years before being eligible for citizenship
    STUDY GUIDE

    DIAGRAM bubble chart, table, flow chart


    LABOR SYSTEM the PEOPLE who work
    North Lowell System, Rhode Island System
    South Slavery
    TEST PREP SHORT ANSWERS

    Each short answer question will have 3 parts. For


    each of the parts you must:
    Explain any key ideas or terms used
    Answer the prompt with specific details and
    examples
    At least 2-3 sentences per section.
    5 APRIL 2017
    END OF CLASS
    Objectives: Students will
    Describe the response to social rights
    expansion before the Civil War.

    Homework: Continue working on the study guide


    and short answer responses. Tomorrow will be a
    working day for test review.

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