A.D. Patel Institute OF Technology

A.D.
PATEL INSTITUTE
OF
TECHNOLOGY
DESIGN OF FLYWHEEL
Prepared by:-
Dhiren P. Patel(120013119002)
INTRODUCTION
FLYWHEEL:-
A flywheel is an inertial energy-storage device.

It absorbs mechanical energy and serves as a reservoir, storing energy
during the period when the supply of energy is more than the requirement
and releases it during the period when the requirement of energy is more
than the supply.
FLYWHEELS-FUNCTION NEED AND
OPERATION
The main function of a fly wheel is to smoothen out variations in the
speed of a shaft caused by torque fluctuations. If the source of the driving
torque or load torque is fluctuating in nature, then a flywheel is usually
called for. Many machines have load patterns that cause the torque time
function to vary over the cycle. Internal combustion engines with one or
two cylinders are a typical example. Piston compressors, punch presses,
rock crushers etc. are the other systems that have fly wheel.
Flywheel absorbs mechanical energy by increasing its angular velocity

and delivers the stored energy by decreasing its velocity.
FLYWHEEL MATERIALS
Traditionally, flywheel are made of cast iron. From design consideration, cast
iron flywheel offer the following advantages:-
Cast iron flywheels are the cheapest.

Cast iron flywheel can be given any complex shape without involving
machining operations.
Cast iron flywheel has excellent ability to damp vibrations.
however, cast iron has poor tensile strength compare to steel. The failure of
cast iron is sudden and total. The machinability of cast iron flywheel is
poor compared to steel flywheel.
DESIGN APPROACH
There are two stages to the design of a flywheel.
First, the amount of energy required for the desired degree of smoothening
must be found and the (mass) moment of inertia needed to absorb that
energy determined.
Then flywheel geometry must be defined that caters the required moment of
inertia in a reasonably sized package and is safe against failure at the
designed speeds of operation.
Design Parameters:-
It depend upon acceptable changes in the speed.
Speed fluctuation:-
The change in the shaft speed during a cycle is called the speed
fluctuation and it is given by
Fl =maxmin
DESIGN OF FLYWHEEL
Design
Equation:-
IS
where Cfis the co-efficient of speed
fluctuation and Ekis the kinetic energy
and avg is the average rotational motion.
Torque Variation and Energy:-
The required change in kinetic energy E k is obtained from the known
torque time relation or curve by integrating it for one cycle and it is
given by
d=Ek
GEOMETRY OF FLYWHEEL
It can be a solid cylindrical disc.
It can be like conventional wheel design.
But energy requirements and size of the flywheel increases the
geometry changes to disc of central hub and peripheral rim connected
by webs and to hollow wheels with multiple arms.
For a solid disc geometry with inside radius ri and out side radius ro, the
mass moment of inertia I is
The mass of a hollow circular disc of constant thickness t is
Combing the two equations we can write
Where is materials weight density

STRESSES IN FLYWHEEL
Flywheel being a rotating disc, centrifugal stresses acts upon its distributed
mass and attempts to pull it apart. Its effect is similar to those caused by an
internally pressurized cylinder.
= material weight density, = angular velocity in rad/sec. = Poissons

ratio, is the radius to a point of interest, ri and ro are inside and outside radii
of the solid disc flywheel.
ADVANCE AND MODERN FLYWHEEL
Advanced flywheels are also now used for protecting against interruptions
to the national electricity grid.
The flywheel provides power during period between the loss of utility
supplied power and either the return of utility power or the start of a
sufficient back-up power system
Flywheels have also been proposed as a power booster for electric

vehicles. Speeds of 100,000 rpm have been used to achieve very high
power densities.
Modern high energy flywheels use composite rotors made with carbon-
fibre materials. The rotors have a very high strength-to-density ratio, and
rotate at speeds up to 100,000 rpm. in a vacuum chamber to minimize
aerodynamic losses.
BENEFITS IN AEROSPACE
Flywheels are preferred over conventional batteries in many
aerospace applications because of the following benefits:
5 to 10+ times greater specific energy

Lower mass / kW output
Long life. Unaffected by number of charge / discharge cycles
85-95% round trip efficiency
Fewer regulators / controls needed
Greater peak load capability
Reduced maintenance / life cycle costs
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS
REFERANCES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel
http://nptel.ac.in/courses/IIT-MADRAS/Machine_Design_II/pdf/3_7.pdf
Design of machine elements by V. B. BHANDARI

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A.D.

A flywheel is an inertial energy-storage device.

Flywheel absorbs mechanical energy by increasing its angular velocity

Cast iron flywheels are the cheapest.

The mass of a hollow circular disc of constant thickness t is

Combing the two equations we can write

Where is materials weight density

= material weight density, = angular velocity in rad/sec. = Poissons

Flywheels have also been proposed as a power booster for electric

5 to 10+ times greater specific energy

Design of machine elements by V. B. BHANDARI

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