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    Dentin Hypersensitivity: This Is Test

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    novia fisca
    This document discusses dentin hypersensitivity, defined as short, sharp pain from exposed dentin in response to stimuli that cannot be attributed to other dental issues. It reviews theories of what causes this pain, including the hydrodynamic theory that fluid movement in dentin tubules stimulates nerves. Diagnosis involves ruling out other issues, and treatment focuses on occluding tubules with agents like fluoride, varnishes or lasers to block fluid/nerve stimulation and reduce pain. Prevention involves dietary counseling and proper brushing technique.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Dentin Hypersensitivity: This Is Test

    Uploaded by

    novia fisca
    105 views29 pages
    This document discusses dentin hypersensitivity, defined as short, sharp pain from exposed dentin in response to stimuli that cannot be attributed to other dental issues. It reviews theories of what causes this pain, including the hydrodynamic theory that fluid movement in dentin tubules stimulates nerves. Diagnosis involves ruling out other issues, and treatment focuses on occluding tubules with agents like fluoride, varnishes or lasers to block fluid/nerve stimulation and reduce pain. Prevention involves dietary counseling and proper brushing technique.

    Original Description:

    Hipersensitivitas Dentin

    Original Title

    Hipersensitivitas Dentin

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    This document discusses dentin hypersensitivity, defined as short, sharp pain from exposed dentin in response to stimuli that cannot be attributed to other dental issues. It reviews theories of what causes this pain, including the hydrodynamic theory that fluid movement in dentin tubules stimulates nerves. Diagnosis involves ruling out other issues, and treatment focuses on occluding tubules with agents like fluoride, varnishes or lasers to block fluid/nerve stimulation and reduce pain. Prevention involves dietary counseling and proper brushing technique.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    105 views29 pages

    Dentin Hypersensitivity: This Is Test

    Uploaded by

    novia fisca
    This document discusses dentin hypersensitivity, defined as short, sharp pain from exposed dentin in response to stimuli that cannot be attributed to other dental issues. It reviews theories of what causes this pain, including the hydrodynamic theory that fluid movement in dentin tubules stimulates nerves. Diagnosis involves ruling out other issues, and treatment focuses on occluding tubules with agents like fluoride, varnishes or lasers to block fluid/nerve stimulation and reduce pain. Prevention involves dietary counseling and proper brushing technique.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    DENTIN

    HYPERSENSITIVITY
    THIS IS TEST
    CONTENTS

    DEFINITION
    ETIOLOGY
    THEORIES OF DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY
    CLINICAL FEATURES
    DIOGNOSIS
    TREATMENT
    DEFINITION

    THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DENTIN


    HYPERSENSITIVITY(1983) HAS PROPOSED THE
    FOLLOWING DEFINITION FOR THIS CONDITION:
    IT IS CHARACTERISED BY SHORT,SHARP
    PAIN ARISING FROM EXPOSED DENTIN IN
    RESPONSE TO STIMULI TYPICALLY
    THERMAL,EVAPORATIVE,TACTILE,OSMOTIC
    OR CHEMICAL AND WHICH CANNOT BE
    ASCRIBED TO ANY OTHER FORM OF
    DENTAL DEFECT OR PATHOLOGY
    ORAL ANATOMY AND
    DENTAL TISSUES
    ETIOLOGY
    ENAMEL LOSS CEMENTAL LOSS
    OCCLUSAL WEAR GINGIVAL RECESSION
    TOOTH BRUSH ABRASION PERIODONTAL DISEASE
    DIETARY EROSION ROOT PLANING
    ABFRACTION PERODONTAL SURGERY
    PARAFUNCTIONAL HABITS
    GINGIVAL RECESSION
    ETIOLOGY

    ABFRACTION TOOTH BRUSH


    ABRASION
    THEORIES OF DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY

    1.DIRECT INNERVATION THEORY


    2.ODONTOBLAST DEFORMATION
    THEORY/TRANSDUCER
    THEORY
    3.HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY
    DIRECT INNERVATION
    THEORY

    FIRST THEORY TO BE
    PUT FORWARD
    NERVE FIBERS
    PRESENT WITHIN
    DENTINAL TUBULES
    INTIATE IMPULSES
    WHEN THEY ARE
    INJURED AND CAUSES
    DENTINAL
    HYPERSENSITIVITY.
    DIRECT INNERVATION THEORY

    DISPUTES ABOUT THIS THEORY:


    NERVE FIBERS ARE PRESENT ONLY IN
    THE PREDENTIN AND INNER DENTINAL
    ZONES
    WHEN PAIN INDUCING SUBSTANCES
    LIKE POTTASIUM
    CHLORIDE,ACETYLCHOLINE ARE
    APPLIED TO EXPOSED DENTIN,THEY FAIL
    TO ELICIT PAINFUL RESPONSE.
    ODONTOBLAST DEFORMATION THEORY

    ODONTOBLAST OR THEIR PROCESSES ARE


    DAMAGED WHEN EXTERNAL STIMULI ARE APPLIED
    TO EXPOSED DENTIN.
    THEY CONDUCT IMPULSES TO THE NERVES IN THE
    PREDENTIN AND UNDERLYING PULP AND THEN TO
    CNS.
    DISFAVOURED AS THE ODONTOBLASTIC
    PROCESSES EXTEND ONLY PARTLY THROUGH
    THE DENTIN AND NOT UPTO DEJ.
    ODONTOBLASTIC MEMBRANE POTENTIAL IS TOO
    LOW TO PERMIT TRANSDUCTION.
    THERE ARE NO DEMONSTRABLE
    NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN THE NEURAL
    TRANSMISSION OF THE PULP.
    HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY

    THE MOST WIDELY ACCEPTED


    MECHANISM OF ACTION OF
    DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVTY ,
    THE HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY
    WHICH WAS PROPOSED BY GYSI
    IN 1900 AND VALIDATED BY
    BRANNSTROM IN 1996
    MECHANISM:

    WHENEVER DENTIN IS
    EXPOSED AND STIMULATED BY
    TACTILE,CHEMICAL,THERMAL
    OR OSMOTIC STIMULI THERE
    IS RAPID MOVEMENT OF FLUID
    THROUGH TUBULES.
    THIS CAUSES:
    DIRECT STIMULATION OF
    LOW THRESHOLD A- DELTA
    NERVE FIBERS
    INDIRECT STIMULATION OF
    A-DELTA NERVE FIBERS IN
    PULP BY DISPLACING
    ODONTOBLASTIC CELL
    BODIES.
    MECHANISM
    DIAGNOSIS

    COMPLETE CLINICAL RADIOGRAPHIC


    HISTORY EXAMINATION EXAMINATION
    SIGNS AND VISUAL ASSESMENT RULE OUT PERI
    SYMPTOMS APICAL LESION
    INTENSITY PHYSICAL
    ASSESMENT
    FREQUENCY AND DEPTH OF
    DURATION PERIODONTAL
    POCKET DEPTH
    DIETARY CHANGES PERCUSSION
    TESTING
    RESPONSE TO COLD
    AIR
    DIFFERENTIAL
    DIAGNOSIS

    1. FRACTURED RESTORATIONS
    2. FRACTURED ENAMEL EXPOSING
    DENTIN
    3. DENTAL CARIES
    4. POST RESTORATION SENSITIVITY
    5. CRACKED TOOTH SYNDROME
    6. BLEACHING SENSITIVITY
    PREVENTION

    1. DIET COUNSELLING REGARDING


    CONSUMPTION OF ACIDIC FRUITS AND
    BEVERAGES
    2. CORRECTION OF BRUSHING
    TECHNIQUE
    3. CARE DURING OPERATIVE
    PROCEDURES
    4. CARE DURING PERIODONTAL
    PROCEDURES
    MANAGEMENT
    1. DESENSITISATION BY OCCLUDING DENTINAL
    TUBULES
    A)FORMATION OF SMEAR LAYER OVER EXPOSED
    DENTIN
    B)USE OF TOPICAL AGENTS TO OCCLUDE
    EXPOSED TUBULES
    CALCIUM HYDROXIDE PASTE
    CALCIUM PHOSPHATE PASTE
    SILVER NITRATE
    FLUORIDES
    FLUORIDE IONTOPHRESIS
    POTASSIUM NITRATE
    VARNISHES
    DENTIN ADHESIVES
    MANAGEMENT

    C)PLACEMENT OF RESTORATIONS
    GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS
    COMPOSITE RESINS
    D)USE OF LASERS
    CO2 LASER
    Nd:YAG,Er:YAG LASER
    He:Ne LASER
    2. DESENSITIZING BY BLOCKING PULPAL SENSORY
    NERVES
    A)POTASSIUM NITRATE TOOTHPASTE
    CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

    IT INCREASES THE
    REMINERALISATION OF THE
    EXPOSED DENTIN THUS
    REDUCING DENTIN PERMIABILITY
    DISADVANTAGE:IT CAUSES
    TEMPORARY OCCLUSION OF
    TUBULES
    CALCIUM PHOSPHATE PASTE

    IT REDUCES DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY BY


    BLOCKING TUBULES AND DENTIN
    PERMEABILITY IS REDUCED
    COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE PRODUCT GC
    TOOTH MOUSSE
    IT CONTAINS AMORPHOUS CALCIUM
    PHOSPHATE AND CAESIN PHOSPHOPEPTIDE
    SILVER NITRATE

    IT REDUSES FLUID MOVEMENT BY


    PRECIPITATING PROTEIN OR SILVER
    CHLORIDE WITHIN THE DENTINAL TUBULES
    IT IS NOT USED NOWADAYS AS IT STAINS
    DENTIN AND ALSO DAMAGES PULP AND
    GINGIVA
    STRONTIUM CHLORIDE

    The mode of action is linked to


    their ability to form mineralised
    deposits within the tubule lumen
    and on the surface of the exposed
    dentine that help prevent
    transmission of the applied
    stimulus.
    FLUORIDES

    AGENTS-SODIUM FLUORIDE,STANNOUS FLUORIDEOR


    ACIDULATED PHOSPHATE FLUORIDE.
    USED AS MOUTH RINSES,TOOTHPASTES OR TOPICAL
    APPLICATION ON EXPOSED DENTIN.
    ACTION IS BY FORMING FLUORAPATITE WITHIN
    TUBULES WHICH BLOCK FLUID MOVEMENT WITHIN
    DENTIN.
    FLUORIDE IONTOPHORESIS

    IONTOPHORESIS- PROCEDURE IN WHICH IONS OF


    CHOSEN MEDICAMENT ARE DRIVEN INTO SPECIFIC
    TISSUES BY MEAHS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT.
    FLOURIDE IONTOPHORESIS TRANSFERS FLUORIDE IONS
    INTO DENTIN FOR DESENSITIZING IT.
    UNIT HAS
    -POSITIVE ELECTRODE IS PLACED ON PATIENTS FACE OR
    ARM
    -NEGETIVE ELECTRODE IS PLASTIC TIP PLACED AROUND
    THE TOOH
    2% SODIUM FLUORIDE IS APPLIED ON THE EXPOSED
    DENTIN AND IS TRANSFERRED DEEP INTO THE DENTIN
    ON ACTIVATION OF THE UNIT.
    IT IS REPORTED TO PROVIDE LONG-TERM RELIEF FROM
    HYPERSENSITIVE DENTIN.
    POTASSIUM OXALATE

    SOLUTION IS APPLIED ON DENTIN


    OXALATE IONS REACT WITH CALCIUM IONS
    IN DENTINAL FLUID TO FORM INSOLUABLE
    CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALS THAT BLOCK
    TUBULES AND PREVENT FLUID MOVEMENT .
    MANAGEMENT

    VARNISHES USE OF LASERS


    THEY ACT BY FORMING A THEY OCCLUDE THE
    BARRIER OVER EXPOSED DENTINAL TUBULES BY
    DENTIN. PRODUCING LOCAL
    THIS REDUCES CHANGES AROUND THE
    HYPERSENSITIVITY AS IT EXPOSED DENTIN
    REDUCES DENTIN THEY ALSO PRODUCE
    PERMEABILITY. THEY CHANGES IN CENTRAL
    PROVIDE ONLY PULP NEURON.
    TEMPORARY RELIEF.
    POTASSIUM NITRATE

    POTASSIUM ION MAY


    DEPOLARIZE THE NERVE
    AND PREVENT IT FROM
    REPOLARIZING, THEREBY,
    PREVENTING IT FROM
    SENDING PAIN SIGNALS TO
    THE BRAIN.
    POTASSIUM IONS ARE
    THOUGHT TO DIFFUSE
    ALONG DENTINAL
    TUBULES AND DECREASE
    THE EXCITABILITY OF
    INTRADENTAL NERVES BY
    ALTERING THEIR
    MEMBRANE POTENTIAL
    REDUCING NERVE
    EXCITATION, AND THE
    DENTIN HYPERSENSITIVITY THE COMMON
    COLD OF DENTISTRY

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