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Raj Cyclone Seperator

Cyclones use centrifugal force to separate particles from gas streams. Gas enters tangentially and spirals downward while particles migrate to the outer wall and fall to the collection bin. Common cyclone designs include single cyclones with two vortexes and multi-cyclones which operate similar cyclones in parallel for improved efficiency. Cyclone design parameters are based on the cylinder and cone dimensions relative to the inlet diameter to optimize separation based on particle size and residence time under centrifugal forces.

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maddukuri jagadeesh babu
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122 views15 pages

Raj Cyclone Seperator

Cyclones use centrifugal force to separate particles from gas streams. Gas enters tangentially and spirals downward while particles migrate to the outer wall and fall to the collection bin. Common cyclone designs include single cyclones with two vortexes and multi-cyclones which operate similar cyclones in parallel for improved efficiency. Cyclone design parameters are based on the cylinder and cone dimensions relative to the inlet diameter to optimize separation based on particle size and residence time under centrifugal forces.

Uploaded by

maddukuri jagadeesh babu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cyclone Separator

BY:-
SK.RAJ
131FA02011
Definition
Cyclones are mostly used for
removing industrials dust from air
or process gases. They are the
principal type of gas-solid separator
Most common form of particulate
removal gas is spun rapidly
heavier particulate matter to collect
on outside of separator by
centrifugal force, where it is
collected and removed.
Principles of Operation

As with centrifugation, the driving force behind


cyclone separation is centrifugal force and the
difference in specific gravity between the particle
and the carrier gas.
In a Cyclone, the air or vapor containing particulate
material is forced into along the tangential axis. A
helical flow pattern is set up within the chamber.
The centrifugal force causes the particles to migrate
to the outside of the chamber. Here they fall down to
the bottom of the cyclone by gravity.
The air moves up the center of the cyclone and
reaches the top.
Cont
Types
Vertical Cyclone Separator
Vertical cyclone separators are
used to remove 99% of free
liquids and solids 5 microns and
larger.
These separators are
particularly effective for the
removal of solids, such as iron
sulphides. The high efficiency of
these separators is due to the
unique design which enables
the separator to be
approximately 1/3 the diameter
of a conventional separator.
Single-cyclone separators
They create a dual
vortex to separate
course from fine dust.
The main vortex spirals
downward and carries
most of the coarser
dust particles.
The inner vortex
created near the
bottom of the cyclone,
spirals upward and
carries finer dust
particles.
Multi Cyclone separator
It consist of a number of small-
diameter cyclones, operating in
parallel and having a common
gas inlet and outlet, as shown
in the figure.
Multi-clones operate on the
same principle as cyclones--
creating a main downward
vortex and an ascending inner
vortex.
Multi clones are more efficient
than single cyclones because
they are longer and smaller in
diameter.
The longer length provides
longer residence time while the
smaller diameter creates
greater centrifugal force.
These two factors result in
better separation of dust
particulates.
Design Procedure
The design parameters for the cyclone
separator are as follows:
Length of cylinder L1 = 2D2
Length of cone L2 = 2D2
Diameter of exit De = 0.5D2
Height of entrance H = 0.5D2
Width of entrance B = 0.25D2
Diameter of dust exit Dd = 0.25D2
Length of exit duct L3 = 0.125D2

SORUCE: Crawford 1976


Cont
The efficiency of collection of
various particles () can be
determine form the empirical
relation and graph developed by
Lapple 1951.
Cont
Cyclone Collector Design
Considerations:
Particle size (particles with
larger mass being subjected to
greater force),
Force exerted on the dust
particles
Time that the force is exerted on
the particles

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