Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Objectives Overview
Identify and briefly
describe various
broadband Internet
Discuss the evolution of connections and state Describe the types of
the Internet differences between Internet access providers
broadband Internet
connections and dial-up
connections
Describe how to use a
Describe the purpose of Explain the purpose of a search engine to search
an IP address and its Web browser and identify for information on the
relationship to a domain the components of a Web Web and differentiate
name address between a search engine
and a subject directory
See Page 73 2
for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Objectives Overview
Explain how Web
Identify and briefly
pages use graphics,
Describe the types of describe the steps
animation, audio,
Web sites required for Web
video, virtual reality,
publishing
and plug-ins
Explain how e-mail,
mailing lists, instant
messaging, chat
Describe the types of Identify the rules of
rooms, VoIP,
e-commerce netiquette
newsgroups and
message boards, and
FTP work
See Page 73 3
for Detailed Objectives Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The Internet
The Internet is a worldwide collection
of networks that links millions of
businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-1
Evolution of the Internet
The Internet originated as ARPANET in
September 1969 and had two main
goals: Function even if
Allow scientists at
part of the
different physical
network were
locations to share
disabled or
information and
destroyed by a
work together
disaster
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Evolution of the Internet
1986 NSF
connects
NSFnet to
ARPANET
and
1969 becomes
ARPANET known as 1996
becomes the Internet2
functional Internet is founded
1984 1995 Today
ARPANET NSFNet More than
has more terminates 550
than 1,000 its network million
individual on the hosts
computers Internet connect to
linked as and the
hosts resumes Internet
status as
research
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Evolution of the Internet
Each organization is responsible only for
maintaining its own network
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
oversees research and sets guidelines and
standards
Internet2 connects more than 200
universities and 115 companies via a
high-speed private network
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Evolution of the Internet
Many home and small business users
connect to the Internet via high-speed
broadband Internet service
Fiber to
Cable Cellular Satellite
the Fixed
Internet DSL Radio Wi-Fi Internet
Premises wireless
service Network Service
(FTTP)
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Evolution of the Internet
An access provider is a business that
provides individuals and organizations access
to the Internet free or for a fee
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-2
Evolution of the Internet
ISP Online Wireless
(Internet service Internet
service provider service
provider)
Regional ISPs (OSP) provider
Provides wireless
provide Internet
Has many Internet access
access to a
members-only to computers
specific
features and mobile
geographical
devices
area
Popular OSPs
National ISPs
include AOL
provide Internet
(America Online) May require a
access in cities
and MSN wireless modem
and towns
(Microsoft
nationwide
Network)
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Evolution of the Internet
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-3
Evolution of the Internet
An IP address is a number that uniquely
identifies each computer or device connected
to the Internet
A domain name is the text version of an IP
address
Top-level domain (TLD)
A DNS server translates the domain name
into its associated IP address
Pages 79 80 12
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-4
Evolution of the Internet
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-5
The World Wide Web
The World Wide Web, or Web, consists
of a worldwide collection of electronic
documents (Web pages)
A Web site is a collection of related Web
pages and associated items
A Web server is a computer that delivers
requested Web pages to your computer
Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide
a means for users to interact
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
A Web browser, or browser, allows
users to access Web pages and Web 2.0
programs
Internet
Explore Firefox Opera
r
Google
Safari
Chrome
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-6
The World Wide Web
A home page is the Some Web pages are
first page that a Web designed specifically
site displays for microbrowsers
Web pages provide
links to other related
Web pages
Surfing the Web
Downloading is the
process of receiving
information
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-7
The World Wide Web
A Web page has a unique address called
a URL or Web address
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-8
The World Wide Web
Tabbed browsing allows you to open and
view multiple Web pages in a single Web
browser window
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-9
The World Wide Web
Two types of search tools are search
engines and subject directories
Subject
Search
director
engine
y
Finds Classifies Web
information pages in an
related to a organized set
specific topic of categories
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
Page 85 21
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-10
The World Wide Web
A search engine is helpful in locating
items such as:
Publicatio
Images Videos Audio
ns
People or
Maps Business Blogs
es
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-11
The World Wide Web
Some Web browsers contain an Instant
Search box to eliminate the steps of
displaying the search engines Web
page prior to entering the search text
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-12
The World Wide Web
Search operators can help to refine your
search
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-13
The World Wide Web
There are thirteen types of Web sites
Portal News Informational Business/Marketi
ng
Blog Wiki Online Social Educational
Network
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-15
The World Wide Web
Entertainme Advocacy Web
nt Application
Content Personal
Aggregator
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-15
Video: Tell Your Stories via
Vlog
CLICK TO START
28
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
Information
presented on the
Web must be
evaluated for
accuracy
No one oversees
the content of Web
pages
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-16
The World Wide Web
Multimedia refers to any application
that combines text with:
Graphic Animati
s on Audio
Virtual
Video Reality
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
A graphic is a
digital
representation of
nontext
information
Graphic formats
include BMP, GIF,
JPEG, PNG, and
TIFF
Page 93 31
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-17
The World Wide Web
A thumbnail is a
small version of a
larger graphic
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-19
The World Wide Web
Animation is the appearance of motion
created by displaying a series of still
images in sequence
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
Audio includes music, speech, or any other
sound
Compressed to reduce file size
You listen to audio on your computer using a
player
Streaming is the process of transferring data
in a continuous and even flow
Pages 94 95 34
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-20
The World Wide Web
Page 95 35
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-21
The World Wide Web
Video consists of images displayed in
motion
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-22
The World Wide Web
Virtual reality (VR) is the use of
computers to simulate a real or
imagined environment that appears as
a three-dimensional space
Pages 96 97 37
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-23
The World Wide Web
A plug-in is a program that extends the
capability of a Web browser
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-24
The World Wide Web
Web publishing is the development
and maintenance of Web pages
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
E-Commerce
E-commerce is a business transaction
that occurs over an electronic network
M-commerce identifies e-commerce that
takes place using mobile devices
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
E-Commerce
Pages 98 - 99 41
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
E-Commerce
Page 99 42
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-25
Other Internet Services
E-mail is the
transmission of
messages and files
via a computer
network
An e-mail
program allows
you to create,
send, receive,
forward, store,
print, and delete e-
mail messages
Page 101 43
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-26
Other Internet Services
Page 102 44
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-27
Other Internet Services
A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and
addresses given a single name
Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address
Unsubscribing removes your name
Page 103 45
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-28
Other Internet Services
Instant messaging (IM) is a real-
time Internet communications service
Page 104 46
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-29
Other Internet Services
A chat is a real-
time typed
conversation that
takes place on a
computer
A chat room is a
location on an
Internet server that
permits users to
chat with each
other
Page 105 47
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-30
Other Internet Services
VoIP (Voice over
IP) enables users to
speak to other
users over the
Internet
Also called Internet
telephony
Page 106 48
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-31
Other Internet Services
A newsgroup is
an online area in
which users have
written discussions
about a particular
subject
Typically requires a
newsreader
A message board
is a Web-based
type of discussion
group
Page 107
Figure 2-32
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2 49
Other Internet Services
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an
Internet standard that permits file
uploading and downloading with other
computers on the Internet
Many operating systems include FTP
capabilities
An FTP server is a computer that allows
users to upload and/or download files
using FTP
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Netiquette
Netiquette is the code of acceptable
Internet behavior
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Figure 2-33
Summary
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Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 2
Discovering
Computers 2012
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World
Chapter 2 Complete
