The document provides guidelines for the location and alignment of river control structures called groundsills. It states that groundsills should generally have a linear form and be oriented at right angles to river flow. The crest height should match the design bed height. Both ends must be securely anchored to prevent scouring. Aprons and mattresses of various types should also be used downstream to protect against scouring from water flow and sediment runoff.
The document provides guidelines for the location and alignment of river control structures called groundsills. It states that groundsills should generally have a linear form and be oriented at right angles to river flow. The crest height should match the design bed height. Both ends must be securely anchored to prevent scouring. Aprons and mattresses of various types should also be used downstream to protect against scouring from water flow and sediment runoff.
The document provides guidelines for the location and alignment of river control structures called groundsills. It states that groundsills should generally have a linear form and be oriented at right angles to river flow. The crest height should match the design bed height. Both ends must be securely anchored to prevent scouring. Aprons and mattresses of various types should also be used downstream to protect against scouring from water flow and sediment runoff.
The document provides guidelines for the location and alignment of river control structures called groundsills. It states that groundsills should generally have a linear form and be oriented at right angles to river flow. The crest height should match the design bed height. Both ends must be securely anchored to prevent scouring. Aprons and mattresses of various types should also be used downstream to protect against scouring from water flow and sediment runoff.
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Location and Alignment
The plane form of a groundsill shall be linear as
a general rule. The direction shall be at right angles to the direction of river flow in the lower reaches in principle, considering the direction of river flow on the occasion of flood flow. Linear form at an angles to the flow direction This the form most commonly used, and is less problematic for flood control and cheaper on work cost than other forms. Linear form at an angle to the flow direction This should not be used in principle, except in case of meeting the flow direction in the lower reach of the groundsill, in consideration of the dike alignment in the lower reaches. This is often seen in old agricultural intake weirs, but often badly affects the river. Polygonal form with a vertex at the center of river The midstream in the lower reach of the groundsill can be centrally collected, but it involves high work cost. Causes deep scouring in the lower reach, and maintenance of the groundsill and the riverbed in the lower reaches become difficult. Curved form with a vertex at the center of the river A circular arc of parabola is used mostly, but it has the same difficulty as the polygonal form. Height, etc
1. The crest height of a ground sill shall
coincide with the design bed height in general, and the standard height (referring to the head of the riverbed by the ground sill work) shall be within 2 m. 2. Both ends of the groundsill body shall be anchored sufficiently in the dike or revetment. 3. In the lower reach of the groundsill, an apron shall be properly provided according to neccessity. The groundsill is provided to stabilize the riverbed, but it creates the bigger problem as to the stability of the riverbed in the immediate lower reaches. There, the groundsill is normally as high as about 1 to 2 meters only. The crest height is generally the same as the design bed height, but in a river with considerable riverbed variation, the crest height must be decided in reference to the existing riverbed and future trends. Lest the ends of the groundsill should be scoured, both ends of the groundsill must be sufficiently Apron and Mattresses
The apron and mattresses shall have the
necessary lengths and the appropriate structures required for keeping the safety of the groundsill body. Main causes of damage on the groundsill include the runoff of water/sediment resulting to scouring especially in the downstream reach and water seepage below the body. As a countermeasure against scouring, sufficient length of apron and bed protection like mattress for the upstream and downstream of the groundsill must be provided. Types of mattresses
Fascine Wooded Gabion Concrete Concrete block
These are intended to reduce the effects of flowing
force as practically as possible. Gradual arrangement from hard structure should be adopted for making it flexible enough with the riverbed.
