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GTG Basics & Fundamentals

GTG Basics & Fundamentals

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ramkrishna
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801 views47 pages

GTG Basics & Fundamentals

GTG Basics & Fundamentals

Uploaded by

ramkrishna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Gas Turbine

Fundamentals &
Mark-VIe Control
System
Brayton Cycle
Unlike diesels, operate on STEADY-FLOW cycle

Open cycle, unheated engine

1-2: Compression

2-3: Combustion

3-4: Expansion through

Turbine and Exhaust Nozzle


Basic Components
Basic Components
Compressor
Draws in air & compresses it

Combustion Chamber
Fuel pumped in and ignited to burn with
compressed air
Turbine
Hot gases converted to work
Can drive compressor & external load
Basic Components
Compressor
Draws in air & compresses it

Combustion Chamber
Fuel pumped in and ignited to burn with
compressed air
Turbine
Hot gases converted to work
Can drive compressor & external load
Compressor
Supplies high pressure air for combustion
process
Compressor types
Radial/centrifugal flow compressor
Axial flow compressor
Compressor
Radial/centrifugal flow
Adv: simple design, good for low
compression ratios (5:1)
Disadv: Difficult to stage, less
efficient

Axial flow
Good for high compression ratios

(20:1)
Compressor
Controlling Load on Compressor
To ensure maximum efficiency and allow for
flexibility, compressor can be split into HP & LP
sections
Vane control: inlet vanes/nozzle angles can be
varied to control air flow
Compressor Stall
Interruption of air flow due to turbulence
Use of Compressed Air
Primary Air (30%)
Passes directly to combustor for combustion
process
Secondary Air (65%)
Passes through holes in perforated inner shell &
mixes with combustion gases
Film Cooling Air (5%)
Insulates/cools turbine blades
Introduction Mark-VIe
Mark* VIe is a flexible control system for multiple
applications.
It features high-speed ,networked I/O for simplex,
dual, and triple redundant systems. Industry
standard Ethernet communications are used for
I/O, controllers, and supervisory interface to
operator and maintenance stations, and third-
party systems.
ToolboxST* is used for Mark VIe and related
controls as a common software platform for
programming, configuring I/O, trending, and
analyzing diagnostics.
Architecture :-
A single-board controller is the heart of the
system. It includes the main processor and
redundant Ethernet drivers for communicating
with networked I/O and additional Ethernet drivers
for the control network. A QNX real-time,
multitasking operating system is used for the
main processor and I/O.
IONet is a dedicated, full-duplex, point-to-point
protocol that provides a deterministic, high-speed
100 MB communications network suitable for local
or remote I/O with a fiber interface. It provides
communication between the main processor(s)
and networked I/O blocks, called I/O packs.
Each I/O pack is mounted on a board with barrier or
box-type terminal blocks. The I/O pack contains two
Ethernet ports, a power supply, a local processor, and
a data acquisition board. Computation power grows as
I/O packs are added to the control system, enabling an
overall control system frame rate of 10 ms in simplex,
dual, or triple redundant configuration.

Redundancy :-
Power sources and supplies single, dual, and triple
Controllers (main processor) single, dual, and triple
I/O network redundancy single, dual, and triple
I/O packs per terminal board single, dual, and triple
Ethernet Ports / I/O pack single or dual
Operator and Maintenance Tools
Operator Interface
The operator interface is commonly referred to
as the Human-Machine Interface(HMI). It is a
computer with a Microsoft Windows-based
operating system, client/server capability, a
CIMPLICITY graphics display system, and
software maintenance tools (ToolboxST). It can
be applied as:
Primary operator station for one unit or the
entire plant
Maintenance station gateway
Engineers station
Software
Maintenance Tools
(ToolboxST)
The Mark VIe is a fully programmable control
system. Application software is maintained by
factory software automation tools that select
proven GE control and protection algorithms
and integrate them with the I/O, sequencing,
and displays for each application. Multiple
block libraries are provided with general-
purpose blocks, math blocks, macros (user
blocks), and application-specific blocks.
Diagnostics :-
Thank You for Your
Attention

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