ROM

DAKSH JASANI 25

INTRODUCTION
ROM(Read-Only Memory) A form of data storage. This type of memory keeps the saved
data even if the device power is off. The data on the ROMcan be loaded into the RAM if
needed.
A form of data storage. This type of memory keeps the saved data even if the device
power is off. The data on the ROM can be loaded into the RAM if needed.
The word Read-Only identifies it as "read-only memory", since the reprogramming
process is generally infrequent, comparatively slow, and often does not permit random
access writes to individual memory locations.
The phone's operating system and it's backup is stored in the memory!
It is "Read only" because you just read a file in this memory (i.e. If it is a text file you can
read it and if it is a audio file then you can play it, this is readin a file.) but you can delete
it.

LITERATURE SURVEY
Many older Roms have many disadvantages and advantages.
They have included many more different softwares and
removed different softwares. Some of the ROMs have
extended their battery life also and some ROMs can drain our
battery very fast.
ROMs can only work on rooted devices and cannot run on un
rooted devices. While flashing the ROM be sure that you
create a backup of your cell or else all data will be deleted and
cannot be recovered at all.

PROPOSED PROJECT

This project is taken as in all different ROMs there are many

bugs. So this ROM is been checked many times for the bugs
and most of the bugs have been removed. Some ROMs have
less battery. In this ROMs I have increased the battery also. In
this project I have added many more features and have
removed many unwanted softwares that are not need and are
occupying space and RAM.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Name

Details

Processor

Dual-Core and Above

RAM

1 GB and above

Hard Drive

8 GB

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Name

Details

Operating System

Andriod.

Platform

Android Jelly Bean and above.

Tool

CMD, Android Kitchen.

TIME REQUIRED
Sr.No

Task

No.of days

1.

Information Gathering

25

2.

Requirement Analysis

20

3.

Designing Analysis

15

4.

Coding

20

5.

Impelementation

15

6.

Testing

15

COST

Cost required is none. As many ROMs are available on

Internet. So the ROM the is created does not require any cost.
It is free of cost.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Advantage:
Battery Life can be Improved.
People can make their own changes as per their requirements.

Disadvantages:
No guarantee of the phone working properly.
Phone might be Bricked.

BOOTLOADER

Bootloaderis a piece of code that runs before any operating system is

running.Bootloaderare used to boot other operating systems, usually each
operating system has a set ofbootloadersspecific for it.

Abootloaderis a computer program that loads an operating system (OS) or

runtime environment for the computer after completion of the self-tests. Bootloader
configures the device to an initial known state and has a means to select where to
start executing the kernel. It can allow you to make this selection, which give you
for example the opportunity to start an alternative Linux kernel, or Windows.
Because the bootloader is an essential component of the boot process, it is stored
in non-volatile memory, such as flash memory.
Bootloaders are written by hardware vendors and are specialized for the hardware
they run on.

BOOTLOADER
ADB and Fastboot Installation
Download the full Android SDK
Extract the zip and place the android-sdk-windows folder on your desktop.
To confirm that it is indeed working, open a command prompt window and enter the
following commands:
cd Desktop/android-sdk-windows/platform-tools adb version
If it displays "Android Debug Bridge version x.x.xx" it is working. If it is gives an
error saying that adb is not a recognized command, it has not been successful.
Carefully repeat the steps above if this is thecase. Close the command prompt
window when you are done.

UNLOCKING BOOTLOADER ALGORITHM

1. Turn the phone off. Then boot it into fastboot mode by holding volume up + power. The phone
will display "fastboot" text indicating that it has successfully entered fastboot mode.
2. Plug the phone into your PC, then open a command prompt window and type:
3.

cd Desktop/android-sdk-windows/platform-tools

4.

fastboot devices

5. This command will list the connected devices. If your phones serial number shows up you are
good to go and may continue. If the phone is NOT listed this indicates that your drivers are not
installed correctly. In order for you to continue you must fix your drivers so that your phone is
listed under fastboot devices.
6. If the phone has been recognized by the command above, proceed to unlocking the
bootloader with the following command:
Remember that this step will wipe EVERYTHING off the phone

UNLOCKING CONTINUE
8. fastboot oem unlock
9. After the above command has finished excuting, run the following
10.

fastboot reboot

11.The phone will reboot. Wait until the phone has fully booted up into android, then
adjust the following settings on the phone:
12.USB Debugging -On your phone go to Settings > About phone > Tap on Build
number 7 times. This will enable Developer options. Now go back to Settings >
Developer options > Enable USB debugging
13.Disable CM Recovery Protection -On your phone go to Settings > Developer
options. Then disable the 'Update recovery with system updates' option.

RECOVERY
InAndroiddevices,Recoveryis an Android-based, lightweight runtime
environment separate from and parallel to the mainAndroidoperating system.
Recovery's original purpose is:
1. to apply software updates to the device, e.g.OTAupdates, and
2. to erase user data and cache, e.g. for troubleshooting or preparing the device for
reset (factory reset) and
3. to run (another) external tool from microSD flash memory
. Recovery is stored in adisk partitionseparate from the main Android partitions
(boot/kernel, root/system). It contains its own Linux kernel, separate from the
kernel of the main Android system. Because of separate kernel+recovery_apps, the
device is able to boot into the recovery mode even if the main system is broken,
allowing the user a set of tools to fix the device. The recovery is completely
independent of the Android system.

CUSTOM RECOVERY INSTALLATION

ALGORITHM
1. Turn the phone off. Then boot it into fastboot mode by holding volume up + power.
2. Rename the recovery file that you downloaded above to recovery.img Remember
that this file should be placed in the platform-tools folder inside of the android-sdkwindows folder on your desktop.
3. Open a new command prompt and run the following commands:
4. cd Desktop/android-sdk-windows/platform-tools
5. fastboot flash recovery recovery.img
6. Once the flash has completed type the following command to reboot the phone:
7. fastboot reboot

ROOTING
With root access, you are able to access and modify files that would normally be
inaccessible, such as files stored on the/dataand/systempartitions. Having root
access also allows you to run an entirely different class of third-party applications
and apply deep, system-level modifications. And by proxy, you may also be able to
access certain device features that would otherwise be inaccessible or use existing
features in new ways.
Having root access isnt the end all-be all of device modification that title is usually
reserved for fully unlocked bootloaders. That said, root access is generally the
second step on your journey to device modification. As such, root access is often
used to install custom recoveries, which then can be used to flashcustom ROMs,
kernels, and other device modifications.

ROOTING ALGORITHM
1. Now that your phone has an unlocked bootloader and a custom recovery installed you have a two options to gain root:2. Flash SuperSU binaries which will give you root with the stock ROMConfirm that you have downloaded the
SuperSU zip from the downloads section above and that it is located in the platform-tools folder inside of the android-sdkwindows folder on your desktop.
3. Turn the phone off then boot into recovery mode by holding volume down + power. Leave the phone at the main screen
of the custom recovery for now.
4. Open a command prompt window and run the following commands:
5. cd Desktop/android-sdk-windows/platform-tools
6. adb push UPDATE-SuperSU-vX.XX.zip /sdcard/
7. This will copy the SuperSU zip onto your phone. Once the command has completed continue.

ROOTING ALGORITHM CONTINUE

Instructions for TeamWin Recovery Project (TWRP):
1. Install > browse to SuperSU zip and select the it
2. Swipe to confirm the installation. Then reboot.
Instructions for ClockworkMod (CWM):
1.

Install zip from sdcard > choose zip from sdcard.

2.

Next, browse to the location where you previously copied the SuperSU zip and
select the it.

3.

To confirm the installation, scroll down to "Yes" and select it. The installation
shouldn't take very long, and once it has completed you may reboot.

FLOWCHART

Start
Check if
bootloader
is unlocked
Yes

No

Unlock
Bootloader

Install a Custom
Recovery
Check for
Custom
recovery by
pressing
volume up +
lockYes
buttom
Root the Device

No

Try again by reinstalling

Check if rooted
by looking for
SUPER SU
application in
the menu.
Yes
Reboot the
Device

Stop

No

Try again by rerooting

FLASHING A ROM
1. Find a ROM and download for your device, using the appropriate XDA forum. Make sure you
download the right one for your device. Many phones have several variants. Once you have
found the ROM you want, download the .ZIP file, which is going to be 500mb up to 1.5Gb. Do
not extract it! Thenfind the corresponding GApps. If you are installing a ROM running on 4.4.2,
youll want a GApps package for 4.4.2. Save your ROM and GApps to your SD card, internal
storage, or flash drive.
2. To boot into recovery use your recovery combo buttons. If you dont know which buttons to
press, to access recovery. On most devices it isHold Vol Down + Power for 5 seconds.
3. Click on Install and select install .zip form SD card.
4. Select the .zip file from the place where you have saved the downloaded ROM.
5. Before continuing select to wipe the Dalvik Cache and Cache.
6. Then proceed to Flash.

SCREENSHOTS OF THE PROCESS

Select Install

Select the Path

Confirm to Flash

Select to Wipe Cache

SOFTWARE TO FLASH OR ROOT OR

INSTALL CUSTOM RECOVERY
1. For Nexus Devices use Nexus Root Toolkit.
2. For Sony Devices use FlashTool.
3. For Samsung Devices use Odin.

THINGS TO TAKE CARE

Before Unlocking the Bootloader, Installing the Custom Recovery, Rooting, or

Flashing a certain ROM be careful that it by doing this it can

1. Expire the warrantee of the device.

2. Brick the device.
3. Or can also work but with many bugs.

DFD - LEVEL 0
USER

Co
m

an
ds

CMD

In s

tal
l

MOBILE

DFD - LEVEL 1
USER

ll
ta
s
In

Co
ds mm
an

MOBILE

ROM
CMD

Bootload
er
If Unlocked then allows the

user to make changes

Kern
el