Scribd
Upload
137 views17 pages

Slab Bridge Design New

This document discusses factors that modify loads for slab bridge design. The load modifier ηi considers ductility, redundancy, and operational importance. Ductility allows structures to redistribute loads during overloading. Redundancy provides alternative load paths if components fail. Operational importance considers critical access needs. The factors ηD, ηR, and ηI account for these characteristics, with values above or below 1.0 for different limit states and levels of each factor.

Uploaded by

ephrem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
137 views17 pages

Slab Bridge Design New

This document discusses factors that modify loads for slab bridge design. The load modifier ηi considers ductility, redundancy, and operational importance. Ductility allows structures to redistribute loads during overloading. Redundancy provides alternative load paths if components fail. Operational importance considers critical access needs. The factors ηD, ηR, and ηI account for these characteristics, with values above or below 1.0 for different limit states and levels of each factor.

Uploaded by

ephrem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Slab Bridge Design

Modification factor
The load modifier i is a factor that takes into account the
ductility, redundancy, and operational importance of the
bridge.
For loads for which a maximum value of i is
appropriate:

i D R I 0.95

For loads for which a minimum value of i is appropriate:


1
i
1 .0

D R I

Where D is the ductility factor, R is the redundancy factor,


and
I is the operational important factors.

Ductility factor D
Ductility is important to the safety of a bridge. If
ductility is present overload portions of the
structure can redistribute the load to other portions
that have reserve strength. This redistribution is
dependent on the ability of the overloaded
component and its connection to develop inelastic
deformations without failure.
For Strength limit state:
D=1.05 for nonductile component and connections
D=0.95 for ductile components and connections
For other limit states: D=1.0

Redundancy factor R
Redundancy significantly affects the safety margin
of the bridge structure. A statically indeterminate
structure is redundant. Example, in a three span
bridge, any combination of two supports, or two
moments, or one support or one moment could
lost without intermediate collapse., because the
applied load could fined alternative load paths to
the ground.
For the Strength limit state
R=1.05 for nonredundant members
R=0.95 for redundant memebrs
For other limit states: R=1.0

Operational Important
Factor I
Bridges can be considered of operational importance
if they are on the shortest path between residential
areas and a hospital or schools, provide access for
police, fire, and rescue vehicles to homes, business,
and industrial plants. One example of a nonimportant
bridge could be on a secondary road leading to a
remote recreational area that is open year round.
For Strength limit state
R1.05 for important bridge
R0.95 for a nonimportant bridge
For other limit states: I=1.0

You might also like