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Computers and Computer Literacy: Computer Concepts Basics 4 Edition

Computers have been in use for over 60 years and have evolved significantly. The document discusses the history and components of computers including hardware, software, input/output devices, and how computers work. It also covers classifications of computers like desktops, servers, and supercomputers. The document discusses computer networks like intranets and the Internet. It describes how computers and technology are integrated into many aspects of daily life and how computer literacy is important.

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Ej Roxas
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124 views28 pages

Computers and Computer Literacy: Computer Concepts Basics 4 Edition

Computers have been in use for over 60 years and have evolved significantly. The document discusses the history and components of computers including hardware, software, input/output devices, and how computers work. It also covers classifications of computers like desktops, servers, and supercomputers. The document discusses computer networks like intranets and the Internet. It describes how computers and technology are integrated into many aspects of daily life and how computer literacy is important.

Uploaded by

Ej Roxas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Computers and Computer Literacy

Computer Concepts
BASICS 4th Edition

Wells

Objectives
Discuss

the history of computers


Define the term computer and describe a
computer system
Define the different computer classification
categories
Describe the two types of computer software
Describe communications and networks
Identify how we use computers and
technology in our daily lives
2

Vocabulary
clients

extranet

computer

hardware

data

icon

desktop

computer
electronic
communication
embedded computer
3

information
Internet
intranet
mobile

devices

Vocabulary (continued)
network

software

nodes

supercomputer

personal
servers

computers

users

Introducing Computers
Considered

one of the most important inventions of


the 20th century, computers have become prevalent
throughout our society.
Computers

are found everywherefrom cell phones with


embedded cameras to computerized components in automobiles
to our ATM machines.
Computers help us learn about health and medicine, space and
time, and matter and energy, to name just a few topics.
The

ways in which a computer can be used are as


limitless as a person's imagination.

A Brief History of the Computer


Computers

were developed in the late 1940s and


early 1950s, and were designed initially for military and
governmental uses.
The microprocessor was developed in 1971 by Dr.
Ted Hoff, who at that time worked for Intel.
Using the microprocessor technology, Steve Jobs and
Steve Wozniak built the first Apple computer.
In 1980, Bill Gates worked with IBM to develop the
disc operating system for the IBM PC.

A Brief History of the Computer


(continued)
Early

computers

Computers and Computer Systems


A computer

is an electronic device that receives data


(input), processes data, stores data, and produces a
result (output).
The instructions and/or programs that control the
computer are called software.
The physical parts of the system are called hardware.
A computer processes data and produces information.
The Input, Processing, Storing, and Output sequence is
referred to as the information processing cycle.

Inpu
t
Keyboard
Mouse

Voice

Trackball

Joystick

Pointing

Pen

Device
Scanners

Point-Handwriting
Light Pen
Touch Screen

Processing
CPU

(Central Processing Unit)

Size
Clock Speed
Bits (0 or 1)
Bytes (1 byte = 1 character)
Internal

Bus
Memory
RAM (Random Access Memory)
ROM (Read only Memory)

Processing
Measures

K = 210 or approximately 1,000


M = approximately 1,000,000
G = approximately 1,000,000,000
Video

Card

Sound

Card

Communications

Card

Output
Display
Laser

Printer
Bubble Jet Printer
Ink Jet Printer
Audio Speakers
Monitor

Computer Functioning

Systems Model
Input Process Storage -Output

Computers and Computer Systems


(continued)
Information

14

processing cycle

How Computers Work


Computers

are not intelligent and do only


what we ask them to do.
Computer benefits: speed, reliability,
accuracy, storage, and communications.
Computer disadvantages: environmental
impact and pollution, violation of privacy,
identity theft, health risks, and outsourcing of
jobs to foreign countries.
15

Classifying Computers
Special-purpose

computers are used to control other objects such as telephones,


appliances, and scientific experiments.
General-purpose computers categories are based on size, function, cost, and
performance and include: desktop, mobile, midrange, mainframe, and super computers.

16

Classifying Computers (continued)


Different

17

types of computers

Computer Software
Application

software and system software are the


two basic types of software.
Windows is an example of an operating system, and
Word and Excel are examples of application software.
An icon is a small image that represents a file,
command, or another computer function.
Most software has a graphical user interface (GUI,
pronounced gooey).

18

Communications and Networks


Electronic

communications is what makes it


possible for computers to communicate with
each other and with other devices.
The establishment of ARPANET led to the
process of electronic communications.
To communicate electronically requires four
components: sender, receiver, channel, and
protocol.
19

Communications and Networks


(continued)
Networks:
Two or more computer systems linked
together are considered a network.
Networks can be small or large.
Computers on a network are called clients or
nodes. Servers allocate resources.
Networks are covered in detail in Lesson 7.
20

Communications and Networks


(continued)
A

network connecting users through various communications


devices

21

Communications and Networks


(continued)
Intranets and Extranets:
An intranet is a network for the exclusive use
of employees within a company or
organization.
An extranet allows specified outside
organizations to access a companys
intranet.
22

The Internet
The

Internet evolved from ARPANET. This


large, wide-area network was established in
1969 and was created by the U.S. Defense
Department.
The Internet and World Wide Web are
covered in detail in Lesson 2.

23

Technology for Everyday Live


Examples

of ways in which technology affects


the lives of many people are through
school and education
security systems
government
television
games
home systems
24

Computers in Our Future


Computers

in the future will become smaller


and more mobile.
Wireless and mobile devices will become the
norm.
Computer literacy, whish the knowledge and
understanding of computers and their uses, will
become even more important.
25

Summary
In this lesson, you learned:
Computers have been around for more than 60
years.
A computer is an electronic device that
receives data, processes data, produces
information, and stores the data and
information.
A computer derives its power from its speed,
reliability, accuracy, storage, and
communications capability.
26

Summary (continued)
Computer

classifications include personal


computers (desktop and notebook), mobile
devices, servers, mainframes, supercomputers,
and embedded computers.
The two basic types of software are application
software and system software.
Electronic communication enables computers
to communicate with each other and other
devices.
27

Summary (continued)
A network

is a group of two or more connected


computers, an intranet is a closed network within an
organization, and an extranet is a closed network for an
organization and its customers and suppliers.
The Internet is the worlds largest network.
Computers and technology affect almost every facet
of our daily lives.
Computers in our future are likely to be more powerful
and less expensive.
Computer literacy is the ability to use a computer and
its software to accomplish practical tasks.

28

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