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Linux Redhat Network Configuration

This document provides information on configuring network interfaces and settings on Linux Redhat systems. It discusses commands like ifconfig and route to manage interfaces and set static IPs, default gateways, and static routes. It also describes the key configuration files that control networking like /etc/sysconfig/network, /etc/resolv.conf, and interface-specific files under /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts. The document outlines the options that can be configured in these files, such as IP addresses, netmasks, DHCP vs static configuration, and more. Finally, it mentions the network administration tool for graphical configuration of networking.

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Christen Castillo
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69 views21 pages

Linux Redhat Network Configuration

This document provides information on configuring network interfaces and settings on Linux Redhat systems. It discusses commands like ifconfig and route to manage interfaces and set static IPs, default gateways, and static routes. It also describes the key configuration files that control networking like /etc/sysconfig/network, /etc/resolv.conf, and interface-specific files under /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts. The document outlines the options that can be configured in these files, such as IP addresses, netmasks, DHCP vs static configuration, and more. Finally, it mentions the network administration tool for graphical configuration of networking.

Uploaded by

Christen Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Redhat

Network
Configuration

ifconfig
Ifconfig or ifconfig -a

#Ifconfig eth0 down


#Ifconfig eth0 up

==
#service network restart
To configure a
static IP:
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.10.12 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast
192.168.10.255 up

Default route(Default Gateway)


# route add default gw {IP-ADDRESS}
{INTERFACE-NAME}
#route add default gw 192.168.1.254 eth0

static route
#ip route show this is a command to show you the default
gateway and the ip

You can add static route using following command:


#ip route add {NETWORK} via {IP} dev {DEVICE}
For example network 192.168.55.0/24 available via
192.168.1.254:
# ip route add 192.168.55.0/24 via 192.168.1.254
dev eth1
Alternatively, you can use old good route command:
# route add -net 192.168.55.0 netmask
255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.1.254 dev eth1

Network Configuration Files

/etc/hosts
The main purpose of this file is to resolve hostnames that
cannot be resolved any other way. It can also be used to
resolve hostnames on small networks with no DNS server.

/etc/resolv.conf
This file specifies the IP addresses of DNS servers and the
search domain.

/etc/sysconfig/network
This file specifies routing and host information for all network
interfaces.
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<interface-

name>
For each network interface, there is a corresponding interface
configuration script. Each of these files provide information
specific to a particular network interface.

/
etc/sysconfig/netwo
rk

The /etc/sysconfig/network file is used to specify information


about the desired network configuration. The following values may
be used:
NETWORKING=<value>, where <value> is one of the following
boolean values:
yes Networking should be configured.
no Networking should not be configured.
HOSTNAME=<value>, where <value> should be the Fully
Qualified Domain Name (FQDN), such as
hostname.expample.com, but can be whatever hostname is
necessary.
GATEWAY=<value>, where <value> is the IP address of the
network's gateway.

/etc/sysconfig/network
Static IP address Configuration: (Configure gateway address)

NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=my-hostname -Hostname is defined here and by command hostname
GATEWAY="XXX.XXX.XXX.YYY" - Used if your network is connected to another
network or the internet.

OR for DHCP client configuration:


NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=my-hostname - Hostname is defined here and by command
hostname

/etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfg-<interfacename>
The
following is a sample ifcfg-eth0 file for a
system using a FIXED IP address:
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
NETWORK=10.0.1.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=10.0.1.27
USERCTL=no
Example, using DHCP server:
# Intel Corporation 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
HWADDR=08:00:27:FF:FB:FE
ONBOOT=yes

Below is a listing of the


configurable parameters in an
Ethernet interface
configuration file:
/etc/sysconfig/networkscripts/ifcfg-<interface-name>

BOOTPROTO=<protocol>
where <protocol> is one of the following:
none No boot-time protocol should be used.
bootp The BOOTP protocol should be used.
dhcp The DHCP protocol should be used.
DEVICE=<name>
where <name> is the name of the physical device
(except for dynamically-allocated PPP devices
where it is the logical name).

DNS{1,2}=<address>
where <address> is a name server address to be
placed in /etc/resolv.conf if the
PEERDNS directive is set to yes.

GATEWAY=<address>
where <address> is the IP address of the network router or
gateway device (if any).
HWADDR=<MAC-address>
where <MAC-address> is the hardware address of the
Ethernet device in the form
AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF. This directive must be used in machines
containing more than one NIC to ensure that the interfaces
are assigned the correct device names regardless of the
configured load order for each NIC's module. This directive
should not be used in conjunction with MACADDR.
IPADDR=<address>
where <address> is the IP
address.
NETMASK=<mask>
where <mask> is the netmask
value.

ONBOOT=<answer>
where <answer> is one of the following:
yes This device should be activated at
boot-time.
no This device should not be activated at
boot-time.

USERCTL=<answer>
where <answer> is one of the following:
yes Non-root users are allowed to control
this device.
no Non-root users are not allowed to control
this device.

/etc/sysconfig/staticroutes
You can add the following two lines to the file
"/etc/sysconfig/static-routes":
eth0 net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
gw 192.168.2.1
eth1 net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0
gw 192.168.1.2

Network Administration Tool


The Network Administration Tool (system-confignetwork) is an easy way to make changes to the
various network interface configuration files
Pg 159

#system-config-network

1.Add a network device associated with the


physical hardware device.
2. Configure the hostname and DNS settings.
3. Configure any hosts that cannot be looked
up through DNS.

DHCP configuration
1. Backup existing static configuration
First backup existing network
configuration file using cp command:
# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
/root/ifcfg-eth0.bak
2. Configuring a DHCP Client:
Setting up a Linux for dhcp can be done by editing file
using a text editor such as vi:

# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DHCP configuration
Following is sample static
configuration:
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
HWADDR=00:19:D1:2A:BA:A8
IPADDR=10.10.29.66
NETMASK=255.255.255.192
ONBOOT=yes

DHCP configuration
3. Replace static configuration with
DHCP:
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=dhcp
HWADDR=00:19:D1:2A:BA:A8
ONBOOT=yes

4. Save and close the file. Just


restart network service:
# /etc/init.d/network restart (in ubuntu
the service is called networking)
Please note that you need a configuration file for
each device that you want to configure to use DHCP.

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