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    Digestive System

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    chinchu
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of the digestive system. It describes the five phases of digestion - ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination. It outlines the organs of the gastrointestinal tract including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It explains how both mechanical and chemical digestion break down food, and the roles of accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in further digesting nutrients and regulating processes in the body.

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    Digestive System

    Uploaded by

    chinchu
    2K views15 pages
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of the digestive system. It describes the five phases of digestion - ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination. It outlines the organs of the gastrointestinal tract including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It explains how both mechanical and chemical digestion break down food, and the roles of accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in further digesting nutrients and regulating processes in the body.

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    Digestive System PPT

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    The document summarizes the key components and functions of the digestive system. It describes the five phases of digestion - ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination. It outlines the organs of the gastrointestinal tract including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It explains how both mechanical and chemical digestion break down food, and the roles of accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in further digesting nutrients and regulating processes in the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views15 pages

    Digestive System

    Uploaded by

    chinchu
    The document summarizes the key components and functions of the digestive system. It describes the five phases of digestion - ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical digestion, absorption, and elimination. It outlines the organs of the gastrointestinal tract including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. It explains how both mechanical and chemical digestion break down food, and the roles of accessory organs like the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in further digesting nutrients and regulating processes in the body.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Digestive

    System

    Digestion
    Phases Include
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    Ingestion
    Movement
    Mechanical and Chemical Digestion
    Absorption
    Elimination

    Digestion
    Types
    Mechanical (physical)
    Chew
    Tear
    Grind
    Mash
    Mix
    Chemical
    Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of

    Carbohydrates
    Proteins
    Lipids

    Digestive System
    Organization
    Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract
    Tube within a tube
    Direct link/path between organs
    Structures

    Mouth
    Pharynx
    Esophagus
    Stomach
    Small intestine
    Large Intestine
    Rectum

    Mouth

    Teeth mechanically
    break down food
    into small pieces.
    Tongue mixes food
    with saliva
    (contains amylase,
    which helps break
    down starch).

    Epiglottis is a flaplike structure at the


    back of the throat
    that closes over
    the trachea
    preventing food
    from entering it. It
    is located in the
    Pharynx.

    Esophagus
    Approximately 20 cm long.
    Functions include:
    1.Secrete mucus
    2.Moves food from the throat
    to the stomach using
    muscle movement called
    peristalsis
    If acid from the stomach
    gets in here thats
    heartburn.
    Mouth, Pharynx and Esophagus Video

    Stomach

    J-shaped muscular bag that stores the


    food you eat, breaks it down into tiny
    pieces.
    Mixes food with Digestive Juices that
    contain enzymes to break down
    Proteins and Lipids.
    Lipids
    Acid (HCl) in the stomach Kills
    Bacteria.
    Food found in the stomach is called
    Chyme.

    Small Intestine
    Small intestines are roughly 7
    meters long
    Lining of intestine walls has
    finger-like projections called villi,
    to increase surface area.
    The villi are covered in microvilli
    which further increases surface
    area for absorption.

    Crash Course Review

    Small Intestine
    Nutrients from the food pass
    into the bloodstream through
    the small intestine walls.
    Absorbs:
    80% ingested water
    Vitamins
    Minerals
    Carbohydrates
    Proteins
    Lipids
    Secretes digestive enzymes
    9

    Large Intestine
    About 1.5 meters long
    Accepts what small
    intestines dont absorb
    Rectum (short term storage
    which holds feces before it is
    expelled).

    Functions

    Large Intestine

    Bacterial digestion
    Ferment
    carbohydrates
    Absorbs more water
    Concentrate wastes

    Accessory Organs The


    Glands
    Not part of the
    path of food, but
    play a critical
    role.
    Include: Liver,
    gall bladder, and
    pancreas

    Liver
    Directly affects digestion by
    producing bile
    Bile helps digest fat

    filters out toxins and waste


    including drugs and alcohol
    and poisons.

    13

    Gall Bladder
    Stores bile from the
    liver, releases it
    into the small
    intestine.
    Fatty diets can
    cause gallstones

    Pancreas
    Produces digestive
    enzymes to digest
    fats, carbohydrates
    and proteins
    Regulates blood
    sugar by producing
    insulin

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