Electronic Circuits and Systems: The Solution of Matrix Network Equations
Electronic Circuits and Systems: The Solution of Matrix Network Equations
Electronic Circuits and Systems: The Solution of Matrix Network Equations
and Systems
The Solution of Matrix Network
Equations
V Z . I
V = Applied voltage
I = Loop currents
Z = Impedance matrix
I Z .V
1
Cramers Rule
If:
Then:
v1 z11
v z
2 21
v3 z31
z12
z 22
z32
z13
z 23
z33
v1
z12
z13
v2
z 22
z 23
v3
z32
z33
i1
i1
i
2
i3
To find i2 , V
would have been
substituted for the
second column of
Z
KEW Sept 2004
E.g.
I1 1
Ya
Yb
Yd
I2
I3
I1 y11
I y
2 21
I 3 y31
y12
y22
y32
y13
y23
y33
V1
V
2
V3
I Y .V
I1
I1
V1
1
I2
Y
I3
y12
y13
y22
y32
y23
y33
1
V1
Y
y22
I1
y32
i.e.
Yb
I3
Yd
I2
I2 I3 0
y23
0
y12
y33
0
y23
0
y13
y33
0
0
Ya
y22
y32
y22 y23
y32 y33
11 Consequently
V1 I1
I1
Y
Y
KEW Sept 2004
Z IN
V1 11
I1 Y
6
y11
1
V3
y21
Y
y31
1
V3
Y
y22
y11
y32
y12
y22
y32
I1
I2
I3
0
y21 0
y21
y12
I1
0
y31 0
y31
y21
V3 I1
y22
y32
y22
y31 y32
I1 13
Y
Y
KEW Sept 2004
I1
V3
V1
I1
13
Y 13
11
11
Y
Electronic Circuits
and Systems
Analysis of passive frequency
dependent circuits and active circuits
10
Example
1
1/SL2 L2
G2
C1 2 C2
SC1 SC2
G1
C3
L1
I ( s ) Y ( s ).V ( s )
R2
1/SL1
R1
SC3
I1
I
2
I3
I4
1
G
SC
1
1
SL2
SC1
1
SL2
0
SC1
SC1 SC2
SC2
0
1
SL2
SC2
1
SL1
1
SC2
G2
SL2
G2
G2
V1
V
2
V3
V4
G2 SC3
11
I ( j ) Y ( j ).V ( j )
12
1.
2.
3.
13
I Y .V
Nodal Admittance
matrix
Voltage
Vector
14
g1
Ki
g2
SC2
0
I1
I
2
I3
I4
g1
g1
g1
0
SC1 g1 g 2
g2
g2
SC2 g 2
SC1
0
KEW Sept 2004
0
SC1
0
SC1
V1
V2
V3
V4
15
It constrains V4 = KV3
I1 g1
I 2 g1
I3 0
I 4 i 0
ie. V3 = V4/K
g1
SC1 g1 g 2
g2
SC1
0
g2
SC2 g 2
0
0
V1
SC1
V2
0
V4
SC1
16
amplifier (ideal)
..Continued
g
I1
2
V1
SC1
I g1 SC1 g1 g 2
K
2
V2
SC
g
I3
2
2
V
0
4
K
i
4
SC1
SC1
Note: amplifier current into Node 4 (i) is unknown. However, since only 3
equations are needed to solve for 3 unknowns we can therefore ignore (delete)
the equation corresponding to this node. Thus:
I1 g1
I g
1
2
I 3
0
g1
SC1 g1 g 2
g2
V1
SC1 2 V2
K
SC2 g 2 V4
17
ie.
yij y ji
18
transferV4functionI g
g
0
V
V1
V4 13
V1 11
g1
13
0
11
I g
1
2
I 3
0
SC1 g1 g 2
g2
SC1 2
K
SC2 g 2
K
g2
g2
SC1
k
SC2 g 2
k
S 2C1C2 S C1 g 2 1 k C2 g1 g 2 g1 g 2 2 g 2
11
k
KEW Sept 2004
V2
V4
SC1 g1 g 2
g1 g 2
g2
SC1 g1 g 2
19
V1
S 2C1C2 S C1 g 2 1 k C2 g1 g 2 g1 g 2 2 g 2
e.g. if
then
g1 g 2 1
k 1
C1
2Q
0
C2
3
2Q0
0
V4
1
1
V1 3S 2 3S
3 S 2 0 S 2
3
0
2
Q
Q
0
0
2
which simulates RE
V1
LE
where
CE
V4
0
Q
1
LE C E
1
0 RE C E
20
g1
1
2
g2
g4
g mVbe g m (V1 V2 )
g6
E
Note: Node 0 is earth and +Vcc rail
for this small signal a.c. analysis (by
superposition)
21
g1
g2
g6
g3
2
I2
g4
22
Example
g m (V1 V2 )
g1
g2
I3
3
g6
g3
2
g4
I2
I1 g1 g 2 g 6
I
g6
2
I 3
0
g6
g6 g4
0
0 V1
0 V2
g 3 V3
23
Example
g1
g2
I3
g m (V1 V2 )
g3 3
g6
2
i.e.
I2
g4
I 2 g 6 g m V1 g 6 g 4 g m V2 0.V3
I 3 g mV1 g mV2 g 3V3
I1 g1 g 2 g 6
I g g
6
m
2
I 3
gm
g6
g6 g4 gm
gm
KEW Sept 2004
0
0
g 3
V1
V
2
V3
24
Example: continued.
I1 g1 g 2 g 6
I g g
6
m
2
I 3
gm
g6
g6 g4 gm
gm
0
g 3
V1
V
2
V3
25
Example continued.
Thus
V3 13
V1 11
g6 g4 gm
( g6 g m )
13
gm
11
gm
g6 g 4 g m
gm
g4 gm
0
g3 g6 g 4 g m
g3
V3
g4 g m
V1 g 3 g 6 g 4 g m
KEW Sept 2004
26
g6
1
re
1
gm
re
V3
R3
V1 1 R4 re
R3
R4 re
for
V3
R
3
V1
R4
KEW Sept 2004
27
Vin
Vin
Vo=K.Vin
1
R
Vin
K/1
-R
-R
K/R
Example Network
Incorporating1 ideal
op-amp
2
g
4
1
Vi
+
-
SC1
g2
Vo
SC2
I1
I
2
I3
I4
g1
g
1
g1
g1 SC1
0
0
g 2 SC2
SC2
KEW Sept 2004
0
0
SC2
SC2
V1
V
2
V3
V4
29
I1
g1
I2
g1
I3
0
I 4 i
g1
g1 SC1
g 2 SC2
0
0
SC2
V1
V
2
V4
30
I1
g1
I g
1
2
I 3
0
g1
g1 SC1
g 2 SC2
KEW Sept 2004
0
0
SC2
V1
V
2
V4
31
Vi
V1
13
g1 g 2 SC2 g1
1 SC2 R2
Vo
1 1 SC2 R2
SC
R
1
SC
R
VIf
i we put
2 R
2 1 =R2=R,1 1C
1=C2=C, then
Vo
1
Vi SCR
32