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Effect of Pole Zero Addition Control Systems

The document discusses the effects of adding poles and zeros to an open-loop transfer function on the root locus and stability. It shows that adding a pole shifts the root locus to the right side of the s-plane, lowering stability by making the system more oscillatory, reducing the gain margin, and increasing settling time. Adding a zero shifts the root locus left, improving stability by making the system less oscillatory, increasing the gain margin, and decreasing settling time. In both cases, the breakaway points of the root locus also shift in the direction of the added pole or zero.

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kamlesh
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59 views11 pages

Effect of Pole Zero Addition Control Systems

The document discusses the effects of adding poles and zeros to an open-loop transfer function on the root locus and stability. It shows that adding a pole shifts the root locus to the right side of the s-plane, lowering stability by making the system more oscillatory, reducing the gain margin, and increasing settling time. Adding a zero shifts the root locus left, improving stability by making the system less oscillatory, increasing the gain margin, and decreasing settling time. In both cases, the breakaway points of the root locus also shift in the direction of the added pole or zero.

Uploaded by

kamlesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Effect of Pole

Zero Addition

Effect of addition of poles

The general effect of


addition of a pole is a
tendency to shift the locus
towards right side of s-plane
and this lowers the stability.

Addition of
Pole

k
Consider the system with G(s)H(s) =
s ( s 2)

This is the
corresponding
root locus

Addition of
Pole
Now, let us add a pole s= -4.
k
G ( s) H ( s)
s ( s 2)( s 4)
Root locus
becomes:
It is seen that the root locus has shifted to
its right. Stability of the system gets
restricted.

Addition of
Pole
Now, if one more pole is added at s= -6

k
G ( s) H ( s)
s ( s 2)( s 4)( s 6)

Breakaway point in section s=0 and s= -2


gets shifted towards right as compared to
previous case. So system stability further
gets restricted.

Summar
Effect of addition of open loop poles can be
y
summarised as follows:
The root locus changes its nature and
shifts towards imaginary axis.
The system becomes oscillatory.
Gain Margin enhances relatively, thus
stability decreases.
Range of k reduces.
Settling time increases.

Effect of Addition of Zero


The general effect of
addition of zeroes is a
tendency to pull the root
locus to the left of s-plan
and hence improves
stability.

Addition of
Zeroes k

Consider the system with G(s)H(s)=

s ( s 2)

It is the corresponding Root loci.

Add a zero s= -4.


Now, G(s)H(s) becomes

k ( s 4)
s ( s 2)
The root locus here, is shifted
to its left.

Addition of
Zeroes

k ( s 4)( s 6)
Adding one more zero at s= -6. G(s)H(s)=
s ( s 2)

We can see, the root locus has shifted towards its left.
And, the breakaway points shifts towards left of the s plan
So relatively stability of system increases.

Summary

The root locus changes its nature


and shifts to left away from
imaginary axis.
Relative stability of system
increases.
System becomes less oscillatory.
Gain margin increases and so
does the range of K.
Settling time decreases.

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