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Small Signal Amplifiers

This document discusses small-signal amplifier analysis using the equivalent circuit method. It describes replacing the transistor with an AC equivalent circuit model, such as the hybrid-π model for BJTs, which models the transistor using resistive and voltage/current controlled elements. FET modeling is simpler than BJTs since FETs are voltage-controlled devices and their output does not affect the input. The document also covers determining small-signal parameters like transconductance (gm) and developing equivalent circuits to analyze the gain of common emitter and common source amplifier configurations.

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126 views42 pages

Small Signal Amplifiers

This document discusses small-signal amplifier analysis using the equivalent circuit method. It describes replacing the transistor with an AC equivalent circuit model, such as the hybrid-π model for BJTs, which models the transistor using resistive and voltage/current controlled elements. FET modeling is simpler than BJTs since FETs are voltage-controlled devices and their output does not affect the input. The document also covers determining small-signal parameters like transconductance (gm) and developing equivalent circuits to analyze the gain of common emitter and common source amplifier configurations.

Uploaded by

Anonymous uspYoqE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Small-Signal Amplifier

2. Equivalent Circuit Method


The transistor is replaced by its ac
equivalent circuit model.
Modelling of FET is much simpler
than that of BJT, because of two
reasons :

1.
2.

BJT is current operated devices


The output affects the input.

For BJT, we have either h-parameter


model or hybrid- model.

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Hybrid Parameters

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Complete h-parameter circuit


model of a BJT.
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Simplified h-parameter
model of a BJT.

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Hybrid- Circuit Model

ri rb r ; rb ( 100 ) is base spreading resistance.


r is incremental resistance of the junction.
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Vce = 0 means output shorted. Whole


current flows through the short.
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From the input of the circuit :

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Equivalent circuit method of


AC Analysis

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Input Resistance

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Output resistance

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How Small is Small

Peak-to-peak current should be


less than 10 % of dc current.

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Example : Analyze the CE


amplifier circuit using hparameter model of BJT.

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Note : Since 1/hoe can be


ignored, the h parameter
model is further simplified.

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Solution

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FET Amplifier

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AC Analysis

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FET Parameters
Typical Values
500 k
0.5 mS to 4 mS
80 to 200

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Determining gm

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Example 7.8 Calculate gm for a JFET


with IDSS = 8 mA and Vp = 4 V, for dc
bias point of (a) -0.5 V, and (b) -1.5 V

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AC Circuit Model of an FET

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AC Equivalent of FET
Amplifier

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Negative sign means that the output


is 180 out of phase.

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Maximum Voltage Gain :

As Rac

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This is much smaller than RS , hence it is


completely bypassed.

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Review
Equivalent

Circuit Method.
Hybrid Parameters.
Hybrid-
How
FET

Circuit Model.

Small is Small.

Parameters.

Determining
AC

gm.

Equivalent of FET Amplifier.

Maximum
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