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    Literature Search Search Engines: September, 2013

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    Mustafa Khandgawi
    The document provides information about conducting literature searches, including the objectives of being able to identify suitable information sources and access main search engines. It discusses why literature searches are important for staying updated and identifying gaps. Examples of popular search engines are provided, including PubMed, Clinical Evidence, and Cochrane. The differences between a literature review and literature search are explained. Guidelines for conducting thorough literature searches are outlined, including preparing search terms, organizing them, and combining terms using Boolean operators. PubMed is described as a key database for biomedical literature. Effective searching techniques for PubMed are discussed, including using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and limits.

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    Literature Search Search Engines: September, 2013

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Khandgawi
    13 views55 pages
    The document provides information about conducting literature searches, including the objectives of being able to identify suitable information sources and access main search engines. It discusses why literature searches are important for staying updated and identifying gaps. Examples of popular search engines are provided, including PubMed, Clinical Evidence, and Cochrane. The differences between a literature review and literature search are explained. Guidelines for conducting thorough literature searches are outlined, including preparing search terms, organizing them, and combining terms using Boolean operators. PubMed is described as a key database for biomedical literature. Effective searching techniques for PubMed are discussed, including using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and limits.

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    Literature Search

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    The document provides information about conducting literature searches, including the objectives of being able to identify suitable information sources and access main search engines. It discusses why literature searches are important for staying updated and identifying gaps. Examples of popular search engines are provided, including PubMed, Clinical Evidence, and Cochrane. The differences between a literature review and literature search are explained. Guidelines for conducting thorough literature searches are outlined, including preparing search terms, organizing them, and combining terms using Boolean operators. PubMed is described as a key database for biomedical literature. Effective searching techniques for PubMed are discussed, including using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and limits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    13 views55 pages

    Literature Search Search Engines: September, 2013

    Uploaded by

    Mustafa Khandgawi
    The document provides information about conducting literature searches, including the objectives of being able to identify suitable information sources and access main search engines. It discusses why literature searches are important for staying updated and identifying gaps. Examples of popular search engines are provided, including PubMed, Clinical Evidence, and Cochrane. The differences between a literature review and literature search are explained. Guidelines for conducting thorough literature searches are outlined, including preparing search terms, organizing them, and combining terms using Boolean operators. PubMed is described as a key database for biomedical literature. Effective searching techniques for PubMed are discussed, including using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and limits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 55

    Literature search

    Search Engines

    September,
    2013

    Objectives of the session


    By the end of the session students would;

    be oriented to the various search engines


    used for literature search

    be able to identify suitable information


    sources

    access main search engines on the web

    Why search literature?


    Staying updated with the current advances in

    medicine
    Identifying information and ideas
    Increasing breadth of knowledge
    Identifying various gaps in literature, and get to new

    ideas
    Avoiding reinventing the wheel
    Putting your work into perspective

    Examples popular Search Engines

    Who has access to the following databases ?


    General search
    engines:
    Pub-med (Medline)
    Clinical Evidence
    Cochrane
    Best Evidence
    Best Treatment
    Trip database
    Bandolier

    EBM Guidelines:
    NICE
    PRODIGY
    SIGN
    Others

    ?Not Enough

    More databases
    CINAHL - Cum. Index to Nursing and Allied Health

    Literature

    http://www.cinahl.com

    ERIC Education Resources Information Center

    http://www.eric.ed.gov

    PsycINFO A database of American Psychological

    Association

    http://www.apa.org/psycinfo

    Campbell Collaboration

    http://www.campbellcollaboration.org

    BEME - Best Evidence Medical Education

    www.bemecollaboration.org

    What is the difference?

    Literature

    Review
    Literature Search

    What is a literature search?


    A systematic and thorough search of
    published literature in order to collect
    information about a particular topic.
    The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy, UK

    Where to start?
    Internet search/Any search engine
    Guidelines review

    General
    overview

    Database search PubMed


    Thorough
    Reference tracking-references in articles
    search
    Expert contacts

    Refining

    Evidence Based Guidelines

    NICE - National Institute for Health and Clinical

    Excellence

    http://www.nice.org.uk

    PRODIGY - formerly CKS

    http://prodigy.clarity.co.uk/home

    NGC - National Guideline Clearinghouse

    http://guideline.gov/

    SIGN - Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network

    http://www.sign.ac.uk/index.html

    More thorough search?


    ,If you fail to plan
    .you plan to fail
    Ben Franklin

    Prepare
    Combine

    Organize

    Prepare
    What do we need to know about our topic?

    Make a list of all the terms connected with our

    topic.

    Organize
    Make a list of the words that are critical to your

    search
    Exchange/add some words if needed
    Note terms that you dont want to appear
    Discard the rest

    Combine
    Use Boolean operators to combine our most
    important terms.
    Use AND to connect the terms we want to see
    Use NOT to exclude terms we dont want
    Use OR to include similar terms

    What is PubMed?
    PubMed is a database developed by the National

    Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the


    National Library of Medicine (NLM) available on the
    Web.
    NLM is the worlds largest medical library
    NLM has been indexing the biomedical literature since

    1879
    MEDLINE is a database of indexes (with citations and

    abstracts)
    PubMed provides access to MEDLINE

    Why PubMed ?
    Over 20 million citations for biomedical literature from app. 5500

    selected journals from over 70 countries


    Source:
    MEDLINE

    (NLM database)
    Life science journals
    Online books

    Fields:
    Medicine
    Nursing
    Dentistry
    Veterinary

    medicine
    Health care system
    Preclinical sciences

    Indexing a literature
    Journal
    Publisher
    s
    Users

    PubMed

    NLM

    reviewing
    MeSH
    indexing

    indexing

    MEDLNE

    Web

    MeSH indexing

    Acronym for Medical Subject Headings


    Similar to key words on other systems
    Used for indexing journal articles for MEDLINE
    Arranged in hierarchy, from more general to more

    specific
    Used by researchers

    Tree of MeSH database

    Searching MeSH Term

    This will help you exclude all other

    diseases in that category


    This will give you fewer articles in your

    results page!

    Keys to Successful Searching


    Indexes
    Identifying appropriate indexes through clinical

    questions

    Components of well-built clinical


    questions.
    PICO
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.

    Patient/problem
    Intervention
    Comparison intervention
    Outcome

    Try to make a search...


    Case example
    A 45-year-old man presents with a 10-month history
    of burning epigastric pain that has not improved with
    a proton- pump inhibitor. Findings on upper
    endoscopy are normal, but Helicobacter pylori
    .serology is positive

    ? Treat Helicobacter pylori or not


    .Try to make a search

    Case example

    Case example
    A 45-year-old man presents with a 10-month history
    of burning epigastric pain that has not improved with a
    proton- pump inhibitor. Findings on upper endoscopy are
    normal, but Helicobacter pylori serology is positive.

    Components of well-built clinical


    questions.
    1. Patient/problem - non-ulcer dyspepsia
    2. Intervention - treatment of Helicobacter pylori

    infection
    3. Comparison intervention- no treatment
    4. Outcome
    - improve symptoms

    Case example

    Case example
    A 45-year-old man presents with a 10-month history
    of burning epigastric pain that has not improved with a
    proton- pump inhibitor. Findings on upper endoscopy are
    normal, but Helicobacter pylori serology is positive.

    Components of well-built clinical


    questions.
    1. Patient/problem - non-ulcer dyspepsia
    2. Intervention - treatment of Helicobacter pylori

    infection
    3. Comparison intervention- no treatment
    4. Outcome
    - improve symptoms

    Case example
    Boolean
    Operator

    Boolean Operators
    AND
    Salmonella AND Hamburger

    Salmonella - 69432
    Hamburger - 2703
    Salmonella AND Hamburger - 14

    Boolean Operators
    OR
    Football OR Hockey OR Soccer

    Football - 3948
    Hockey - 1466
    Soccer - 3137

    Total- 7538

    Boolean Operators
    NOT
    Arthritis NOT Letter

    Arthritis- 185375
    Letter - 686049
    Arthritis excluding letter - 176352

    Limits

    Review Groups
    Acute respiratory infections
    Airways
    Anaesthesia
    Back
    Breast cancer
    Colorectal cancer
    Consumers and

    communication
    Cystic fibrosis and genetic
    disorders
    Dementia & cognitive
    improvement
    Depression, anxiety &
    neurosis

    Developmental, psychosocial

    and learning problems


    Drugs and alcohol
    Ear, nose and throat
    disorders
    Effective practice and
    organisation of care
    Epilepsy
    Eyes and vision
    Fertility regulation
    Gynaecological cancer
    Heart
    Hepato-biliary

    Clinical Scenario
    Khalid is a 40 years old smoker, would like to

    quit smoking, he tried to do that, several


    times over the last two years, but he could
    not tolerate the withdrawal symptoms.
    Recently he read an article reporting that
    some medications can be used to help
    smoker to quit, he would like your advise
    about this issue!

    Saudi Digital
    Library

    Conclusion
    Be specific about your questions or

    search.
    Practice using different sites for search
    Be familiar with some common sites
    Be familiar with secondary resources

    References
    J. Ebbert, et al, Searching the Medical Literature Using PubMed: A

    Tutorial, Concise Review for Clinicians, Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78:8791


    A Sood, AK Ghosh, Literature Search Using PubMed: An Essential

    Tool for Practicing Evidence- Based Medicine, JAPI, vol. 54, April
    2006
    NLM training: PubMed, US National Library of Medicine, April 2011
    The literature review, Deakin University Library, retrieved on

    24.09.2011 http
    ://www.deakin.edu.au/library/findout/research/litrev.php#Bruce, C
    H. Abdulghani, Effective Electronic Search, Department of Medical

    Education, College of Medicine, King Saud University, June 2012

    Thank You

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