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Lecture - 1.PPT Filename - UTF-8''lecture 1-2

The document discusses the key components of a computer system including hardware and software. It covers the central processing unit, memory, input/output devices, and their functions. It then explains different types of computer jobs at the application, programming, systems, and hardware levels. The document also summarizes the main types of software including application software for specific tasks and system software like operating systems and compilers to support other programs. It provides examples of compilers and linkers and illustrates the relationships between user interfaces, application programs, operating systems, and hardware.

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MUHAMMAD AKRAM
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30 views

Lecture - 1.PPT Filename - UTF-8''lecture 1-2

The document discusses the key components of a computer system including hardware and software. It covers the central processing unit, memory, input/output devices, and their functions. It then explains different types of computer jobs at the application, programming, systems, and hardware levels. The document also summarizes the main types of software including application software for specific tasks and system software like operating systems and compilers to support other programs. It provides examples of compilers and linkers and illustrates the relationships between user interfaces, application programs, operating systems, and hardware.

Uploaded by

MUHAMMAD AKRAM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Programming

Hardware &
Software
1

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 2

Hardware

Four components of a computer system:


CPU - central processing unit
Makes decisions, performs computations, and
delegates input/output requests
Memory: Disk Drives, CD drives, Tape drives, USB
flash drives.
Stores information
Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse,
Gets information from the user to the computer
Output devices: monitor
Sends information from computer to the user
2

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 3

Hardware
M e m o ry

O u tp u t
D e v ic e s

In p u t
D e v ic e s

C PU

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 4

CPU

Brains of the computer


Arithmetic calculations are performed using the
Arithmetic/Logical Unit (ALU).
Registers
Control unit decodes and executes instructions
Arithmetic operations are performed using binary
number system
0110 1101 1100 1111 0001

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 5

Input and Output Devices

Accessories that allow computer to interface


with user
Common input and output devices
Speakers
Mouse
Scanner
Printer

Joystick

Keyboard

Microphone

CD-ROM

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 6

Types of Computer Jobs

Application level
jobs: word processor, graphics designer,
HTML designer, program tester
Programmer level
jobs: C++ programmer, DSP programmer
Systems level
jobs: operating system designer,
web master, systems maintenance staff
Hardware level
jobs: VLSI chip designer, hardware designer
6

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 7

S o ftw a re

S y s te m
S o ftw a re

A p p lic a tio n
S o ftw a re
7

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 8

Software

Application software
Easy-to-use programs designed to perform
specific tasks
System software
Programs that support the execution and
development of other programs
Two major types
Operating systems
Translation systems (compilers & linkers)
8

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 9

Compiler: It is a computer program (or a set of


programs) that transforms source code written in a
programming language (the source language) into
another computer language (the target language),
with the latter often having a binary form known as
object code.

Linkers: It is a computer program that takes one or


more object files generated by a compiler and
combines them into a single executable file, library
file, or another object file.
9

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 10

10

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 11

Computer Software Relationships


User Interface Application Programs

User Interface

Operating System

User Basic Input and Output Services (BIOS)


needed for a computer to boot up
Interface

Computer Hardware

11

COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 12

Application Software

Application software makes computer popular and


easy to use .
Common application software:
Microsoft Word, WordPerfect
PowerPoint
Internet Explorer
Photo Shop

12

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