Modal Auxiliaries

Modal Verbs

Modal Verbs + Substitutes

Use

Auxiliary Verbs

Use

will, be, do, have

Modal Verbs

Modal Verbs
Modal Verb

Substitute

must

to have to

must not

not to be allowed to

can

to be able to

may

to be allowed to

need

to have to

shall/should

to be supposed to

Modal Verbs
Modal Verb

Substitute

must

to have to

must not

not to be allowed to

can

to be able to

may

to be allowed to

need

to have to

shall/should

to be supposed to

The original modal verbs (most of them) can be used in the Present
tenses only
For other tenses you use the substitutes

Modal Verbs
Modal Verb

Substitute

must

to have to

must not

not to be allowed to

can

to be able to

may

to be allowed to

need

to have to

shall/should

to be supposed to

The original modal verbs (most of them) can be used in the Present
tenses only
For other tenses you use the substitutes

Use:

Modal Verbs
Modal Verb

Substitute

must

to have to

must not

not to be allowed to

can

to be able to

may

to be allowed to

need

to have to

shall/should

to be supposed to

The original modal verbs (most of them) can be used in the Present
tenses only
For other tenses you use the substitutes

Use:

To express an ability, order, wish etc. to do something

Auxiliary Verbs

Auxiliary Verbs

Be, do , have and will are auxiliary verbs when they are followed by a
full verb
They are used to form a question, a negative sentence, a compound
tense (Progressive tenses, Perfect, Future I etc.) or the passive

Auxiliary Verbs

Be, do , have and will are auxiliary verbs when they are followed by a
full verb
They are used to form a question, a negative sentence, a compound
tense (Progressive tenses, Perfect, Future I etc.) or the passive

Will:

Auxiliary Verbs

Be, do , have and will are auxiliary verbs when they are followed by a
full verb
They are used to form a question, a negative sentence, a compound
tense (Progressive tenses, Perfect, Future I etc.) or the passive

Will:

Will is used as auxiliary only

It's used to form the Future tenses I + II

Auxiliary Verbs

Be, do , have and will are auxiliary verbs when they are followed by a
full verb
They are used to form a question, a negative sentence, a compound
tense (Progressive tenses, Perfect, Future I etc.) or the passive

Will:

Will is used as auxiliary only

It's used to form the Future tenses I + II

Example:
Future I: I will go home.
Future II: I will have finished my homework.

Be:

Be:

Be is used as auxiliary and full verb

As an auxiliary it's used to form the progressive tenses and the
passive

Be:

Be is used as auxiliary and full verb

As an auxiliary it's used to form the progressive tenses and the
passive

Example:
Present Progressive: I am eating lunch.
Simple Present Passive: The dishes is washed.

Be:

Be is used as auxiliary and full verb

As an auxiliary it's used to form the progressive tenses and the
passive

Example:
Present Progressive: I am eating lunch.
Simple Present Passive: The dishes is washed.

Be can also be a full verb itself.In this case it's alone and no other
verb is following
When be is a full verb you don't need an auxiliary verb in questions
and negative sentences

Be:

Be is used as auxiliary and full verb

As an auxiliary it's used to form the progressive tenses and the
passive

Example:
Present Progressive: I am eating lunch.
Simple Present Passive: The dishes is washed.

Be can also be a full verb itself.In this case it's alone and no other
verb is following
When be is a full verb you don't need an auxiliary verb in questions
and negative sentences

Example:
Negative Sentence: They are not a group of 6.
Question: Are they a group of 6?

Do:

Do:

After do, does, don't, doesn't, did or didn't you use the infinitive of the
full verb
Also do can be either an auxiliary or an full verb
If it's an auxiliary verb we use it for most full verbs to form negative
sentences and questions in Simple Present and Simple Past

Do:

After do, does, don't, doesn't, did or didn't you use the infinitive of the
full verb
Also do can be either an auxiliary or an full verb
If it's an auxiliary verb we use it for most full verbs to form negative
sentences and questions in Simple Present and Simple Past

Example:
Negative Simple Present: He does not try it.
Question Simple Past: Did he like it?

Do:

After do, does, don't, doesn't, did or didn't you use the infinitive of the
full verb
Also do can be either an auxiliary or an full verb
If it's an auxiliary verb we use it for most full verbs to form negative
sentences and questions in Simple Present and Simple Past

Example:
Negative Simple Present: He does not try it.
Question Simple Past: Did he like it?

Do as a full verb needs another do as auxiliary verb in questions

and negative sentences

Do:

After do, does, don't, doesn't, did or didn't you use the infinitive of the
full verb
Also do can be either an auxiliary or an full verb
If it's an auxiliary verb we use it for most full verbs to form negative
sentences and questions in Simple Present and Simple Past

Example:
Negative Simple Present: He does not try it.
Question Simple Past: Did he like it?

Do as a full verb needs another do as auxiliary verb in questions

and negative sentences

Example:
Negative Simple Present: Don't do this!
Question Simple Past: Did he do his homework?

Do:

After do, does, don't, doesn't, did or didn't you use the infinitive of the
full verb
Also do can be either an auxiliary or an full verb
If it's an auxiliary verb we use it for most full verbs to form negative
sentences and questions in Simple Present and Simple Past

Example:
Negative Simple Present: He does not try it.
Question Simple Past: Did he like it?

Do as a full verb needs another do as auxiliary verb in questions

and negative sentences

Example:
Negative Simple Present: Don't do this!
Question Simple Past: Did he do his homework?

Do isn't used as auxiliary verb if the full verb is be

...the sentence already has got an auxiliary verb

...the sentence has got a modal verb

...the question asks for the subject of the sentence (Who...? etc.)

Have:

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

As full verb it indicates possession BUT in BE. it usually keeps an

auxiliary verb because you use got as full verb

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

As full verb it indicates possession BUT in BE. it usually keeps an

auxiliary verb because you use got as full verb

Example:
Full verb: I have a book.
Auxiliary verb: I have got a book.

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

As full verb it indicates possession BUT in BE. it usually keeps an

auxiliary verb because you use got as full verb

Example:
Full verb: I have a book.
Auxiliary verb: I have got a book.

As full verb in negative sentences and questions you need the

auxiliary verb do BUT if you use have got you don't need another
auxiliary verb

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

As full verb it indicates possession BUT in BE. it usually keeps an

auxiliary verb because you use got as full verb

Example:
Full verb: I have a book.
Auxiliary verb: I have got a book.

As full verb in negative sentences and questions you need the

auxiliary verb do BUT if you use have got you don't need another
auxiliary verb

Example:
Negative full verb: I do not have a book.
Negative auxiliary verb: I have not got a book.

Have:

Have can be both as well

You need this auxiliary verb for all Perfect tenses; active and passive

As full verb it indicates possession BUT in BE. it usually keeps an

auxiliary verb because you use got as full verb

Example:
Full verb: I have a book.
Auxiliary verb: I have got a book.

As full verb in negative sentences and questions you need the

auxiliary verb do BUT if you use have got you don't need another
auxiliary verb

Example:
Negative full verb: I do not have a book.
Negative auxiliary verb: I have not got a book.
Question full verb: Do I have a book?
Question auxiliary verb: Have I got a book?