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Dates and Times: SAS Date, Time and Date-Time Formats

SAS stores date, time, and datetime values differently. Date values represent the number of days between January 1, 1960 and the specified date. Time values represent the number of seconds since midnight. Datetime values represent the number of seconds between January 1, 1960 and the specified hour, minute, and second. Functions like DATEPART() and TIMEPART() extract the date and time components from datetime values. Other functions like MDY() and HMS() can be used to create date, time, and datetime values from their components. Additional functions return current date, time, and datetime values while others return parts of date or time values. Formats and informats are used to control how values are written or read and have a period

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20 views11 pages

Dates and Times: SAS Date, Time and Date-Time Formats

SAS stores date, time, and datetime values differently. Date values represent the number of days between January 1, 1960 and the specified date. Time values represent the number of seconds since midnight. Datetime values represent the number of seconds between January 1, 1960 and the specified hour, minute, and second. Functions like DATEPART() and TIMEPART() extract the date and time components from datetime values. Other functions like MDY() and HMS() can be used to create date, time, and datetime values from their components. Additional functions return current date, time, and datetime values while others return parts of date or time values. Formats and informats are used to control how values are written or read and have a period

Uploaded by

z_k_j_v
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dates and Times

SAS Date, Time and DateTime Formats

Date Storage
SAS stores Dates, Times and Date-Time values
differently.
Datetime: seconds between January 1,
1960 and an hour/minute/second within a
specified date
Time: seconds since midnight of the
current day
Date: days between January 1, 1960, and a
specified date

Functions
Functions that extract dates and times
from datetime variables
DATEPART(variable): extracts the
date from a SAS datetime value
TIMEPART(variable): extracts the
time from a SAS datetime value

Creating datetime variables


Functions can convert numeric values
to datetime values
MDY(month,day,year) gives a date
value
birthday=mdy(8,27,90);

HMS(hour,minute,second)
hrid=hms(12,45,10);

Current Dates and Times


The following functions extract current
values
DATETIME()
DATE()
TIME()
These functions have no arguments

Parts of date Values


Return numeric values from date
values
DAY(date)
MONTH(date)
YEAR(date)
WEEKDAY(date)
QTR(date)

Parts of time or datetime


values
HOUR(<time | datetime>)
MINUTE(<time | datetime>)
SECOND(<time | datetime>)

PUT and INPUT functions


PUT(source, format.) creates a character
value
Source can be any format
Format must be the same type as the source

INPUT(source, <? | ??>informat.) creates a


value based on the informat
Source is a character expression
? or ?? suppress error messages in the log
Informat you want to apply

Examples
Character to numeric
Sale= INPUT(2,115,353,comma9.)

Converting to character
Data Test;
dateval= put(123456,mmddyy8.);
put dateval;
run;
Produces 01/04/98 in the SAS log

Formats and Informats


Formats describe the way variables are written
Always contain a period
Start with a $ if the variable being modified is
character, not otherwise

Informats describe the way variables are read


Always contain a period
Start with a $ if the variable is to be stored as
character

Formats and informats generally have the


same syntax
most formats are also informats and vice-versa

Useful datetime formats


DATEw. writes date values in the form
ddmmmyy or ddmmmyyyy
DATETIMEw.d writes datetime values in
the form ddmmmyy:hh:mm:ss.ss
Note: what is printed depends on the w value

DOWNAMEw. writes date values as the


name of the day of the week
WORDDATEw. writes date values in words
Etc. There are many more useful formats.

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