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    4 Pattern Matching

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    ag_krish
    Javascript has two approaches to pattern matching: using regular expressions (RegExp object) and string methods. It discusses various pattern matching techniques including metacharacters, anchors, character classes, modifiers and string methods like search, replace, match and split. Regular expressions can match characters, ranges of characters, and entire words/strings using metacharacters, character classes and anchors at the start or end of a string. String methods provide alternative ways to search, replace, extract matches from and split a string based on a pattern.

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    4 Pattern Matching

    Uploaded by

    ag_krish
    38 views14 pages
    Javascript has two approaches to pattern matching: using regular expressions (RegExp object) and string methods. It discusses various pattern matching techniques including metacharacters, anchors, character classes, modifiers and string methods like search, replace, match and split. Regular expressions can match characters, ranges of characters, and entire words/strings using metacharacters, character classes and anchors at the start or end of a string. String methods provide alternative ways to search, replace, extract matches from and split a string based on a pattern.

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    Pattern Matching

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    Javascript has two approaches to pattern matching: using regular expressions (RegExp object) and string methods. It discusses various pattern matching techniques including metacharacters, anchors, character classes, modifiers and string methods like search, replace, match and split. Regular expressions can match characters, ranges of characters, and entire words/strings using metacharacters, character classes and anchors at the start or end of a string. String methods provide alternative ways to search, replace, extract matches from and split a string based on a pattern.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    38 views14 pages

    4 Pattern Matching

    Uploaded by

    ag_krish
    Javascript has two approaches to pattern matching: using regular expressions (RegExp object) and string methods. It discusses various pattern matching techniques including metacharacters, anchors, character classes, modifiers and string methods like search, replace, match and split. Regular expressions can match characters, ranges of characters, and entire words/strings using metacharacters, character classes and anchors at the start or end of a string. String methods provide alternative ways to search, replace, extract matches from and split a string based on a pattern.

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    Module 2

    Javascript

    Pattern
    matching

    Pattern matching

    JavaScript has two


    approaches to pattern
    matching operations

    based on the RegExp


    object
    based on methods of the
    String object

    CHARACTER AND CHARACTER-CLASS


    PATTERNS

    Metacharacters are
    characters that have
    special meanings in some
    contexts in patterns.
    The following are the
    pattern metacharacters:
    \|()[]{}^$*+?.

    Metacharacters can
    themselves be matched
    by being immediately
    preceded by a backslash.
    A period matches any
    character except newline.

    /snow./ matches snowy, snowe,


    and snowd
    /3\.4/ matches 3.4. but /3.4/ would
    match 3.4 and 374, among others.
    [abc] matches a , b & c
    [a-h] matches any lowercase letter
    from a to h
    [^aeiou] matches any lowercase
    letter except a, e, i, o & u

    Preferred Character
    Classes

    ANCHORS

    A pattern is tied to a string position with an


    anchor.
    A pattern can be specified to match only at the
    beginning of the string by preceding it with a
    circumflex (^) anchor.
    For example, the /^pearl/ pattern matches
    pearls are pretty but does not match My
    pearls are pretty:
    A pattern can be specified to match at the end of
    a string only by following the pattern with a
    dollar sign anchor.
    For example, the /gold$/ pattern matches I like
    gold but does not match golden:

    PATTERN MODIFIERS

    The modifiers are specified as letters just


    after the right delimiter of the pattern.
    The i modifier makes the letters in the
    pattern match either uppercase or
    lowercase letters in the string.
    For example, the pattern /Apple/i matches
    APPLE, apple, APPle, and any other
    combination of uppercase and lowercase
    spellings of the word apple.
    The x modifier allows white space to
    appear in the pattern.

    Based on methods of the String


    object

    search(pattern)
    replace(pattern,string)
    match(pattern)
    split(parameter)

    search(pattern)

    Returns the position in the


    object string of the pattern
    (position is relative to zero);
    returns -1 if it fails
    var str = "Gluckenheimer";
    var pos = str.search(/n/);
    /* position is now 6 */

    replace (pattern, string)

    Finds a substring that matches the


    pattern and replaces it with the
    string

    (g modifier can be used)

    var str = "Some rabbits are rabid";

    str.replace(/rab/g, "tim");

    str is now "Some timbits are timid"

    $1 and $2 are both set to "rab"

    match(pattern)

    The most general pattern-matching


    method

    Returns an array of results of the


    pattern-matching operation

    With the g modifier, it returns an


    array of the substrings that
    matched

    Without the g modifier, first


    element of the returned array has

    match(pattern)

    var str = "My 3 kings


    beat your 2 aces";

    var matches =
    str.match(/[ab]/g);

    matches is set to ["b", "a",


    "a"]

    split(parameter)

    The parameter could be a string


    or a pattern

    In either case, it is used to split


    the string into substrings and
    returns an array of them

    "," and /,/ both work

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