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(Review Lesson) : Lory Liza D. Bulay-Og

This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation (APM): pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of a constant width pulse based on the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of a constant amplitude pulse proportional to the modulating signal. PPM varies the position of a constant width and amplitude pulse within a time slot based on the modulating signal. Each technique modulates a different characteristic of the carrier pulse based on the modulating audio signal.

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Loryliza M Deiparine
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26 views10 pages

(Review Lesson) : Lory Liza D. Bulay-Og

This document discusses three types of analog pulse modulation (APM): pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), pulse width modulation (PWM), and pulse position modulation (PPM). PAM varies the amplitude of a constant width pulse based on the modulating signal. PWM varies the width of a constant amplitude pulse proportional to the modulating signal. PPM varies the position of a constant width and amplitude pulse within a time slot based on the modulating signal. Each technique modulates a different characteristic of the carrier pulse based on the modulating audio signal.

Uploaded by

Loryliza M Deiparine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 0

(Review Lesson)
Lory Liza D. Bulay-og

ANALOG PULSE
MODULATION (APM)
In APM, the carrier signal is in the form of pulse
waveform, and the modulated signal is where
one of the characteristic (either amplitude, width
or position) is changed according to the
modulating/audio signal
The three common techniques of APM are:
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM),
Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and
Pulse Position Modulation (PPM).

Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)


The simplest form of pulse modulation
The amplitude of a constant width,
constant position pulse (carrier signal) is
varied according to the amplitude of the
modulating signal.
Basically the modulating signal is sampled
by the digital train of pulses and the
process is based upon the sampling
theorem

Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)


Modulation in which the amplitude of pulses is
varied in accordance with the modulating signal

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)


The technique of varying the width of the
constant amplitude pulse proportional to
the amplitude of the modulation signal.
Also known as Pulse Duration Modulation
(FDM).
Either the leading edge, trailing edge or
both may be varied by the modulating
signal.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)


Modulation in which the duration of pulses is varied
in accordance with the modulating signal

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)


PWM gives better signal to noise
performance than PAM.
PWM has advantage, when compared
with PPM, that is its pulse are of varying
width and therefore of varying power
content. PWM still works if synchronization
between transmitter and receiver fails,
whereas PPM does not.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)

Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)


PPM is when the position of a constant-width
and constant-amplitude pulse within prescribed
time slot is varied according to the amplitude of
the modulating signal.
PPM has the advantage of requiring constant
transmitter power output, but the disavantage of
depending on transmitter-receiver
synchronization.
PPM has less noise due to amplitude changes,
becaused the received pulses may be clipped at
the receiver, thus removing amplitudeschanges
caused by noise.

Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)


Modulation in which the temporal positions of the
pulses are varied in accordance with some characteristic of
the modulating signal.

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