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MEC 420 Dynamics: PROG: EM 241 PART: 03 Credit HR: 3 CONTACT HR: 4 (3L+1T) Pre Requisite: MEC 412

This document provides an overview of the MEC 420 Dynamics course. It is a 3-credit course that covers 2D and 3D particle and rigid body dynamics. Key topics include vector algebra, vector calculus, and kinematics and kinetics. The course objectives are to introduce the principles of 2D and 3D dynamics and ensure students can apply these principles to solve engineering problems. The textbook is Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics by Hibbeler and there are several recommended references provided.

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MohdFirdaus
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117 views18 pages

MEC 420 Dynamics: PROG: EM 241 PART: 03 Credit HR: 3 CONTACT HR: 4 (3L+1T) Pre Requisite: MEC 412

This document provides an overview of the MEC 420 Dynamics course. It is a 3-credit course that covers 2D and 3D particle and rigid body dynamics. Key topics include vector algebra, vector calculus, and kinematics and kinetics. The course objectives are to introduce the principles of 2D and 3D dynamics and ensure students can apply these principles to solve engineering problems. The textbook is Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics by Hibbeler and there are several recommended references provided.

Uploaded by

MohdFirdaus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEC420

DYNAMICS
PROG:EM241
PART:03
CREDITHR:3
CONTACTHR:4(3L+1T)
PREREQUISITE:
MEC412

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RelationshipWithOtherSubject:
Studentmustunderstandseveraltopicsin2D
Dynamics,PhysicandMathematics
especiallyStatic,Trigonometry,
Differentiation,Integrationandetc.
Synopsis
Covers2&3dimensionalDynamicsfor
ParticleandRigidBody.
Objectives
Tointroducestudentwiththemain
principlesin2&3dimensional
Dynamics.
Tomakesurethestudentknowhowto
derivethoseprinciplesandapplieditto
solveallengineeringanddesign
problems.
Preparedby:BAKRIALI,FKM,UiTMPP

TextBook:
R.C.Hibbeler,EngineeringMechanics:
Dynamics,2ndSIEdition,PrenticeHall,
Singapore,2002
References
1. FerdinandPBeer&E.RusselJohnston,
VectorMechanicsForEngineers:
DYNAMICS,3rdSIMetricEdition,Mc
GrawHill,Boston,2003
2. I.HShames,EngineeringMechanics:
DYNAMICS
3. F.LSinger,EngineeringMechanics
4. MechanicalVibrations,Rao,SingirisuS,
Pearson/PrencticeKallInc,1997.
5. FundamentalofMechanicalVibrations,
2ndEd.Kelly,S.Graham,McGrawHill
Inc,2000
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WHATISDYNAMICS?
Abranchofmechanicswhichdealswiththe
motionofbodiesundertheactionofforces.
Dividedintotwoparts;
Kinematics:Studyofmotionwithout
referringtotheforces
which
causethemotion.
Kinetics:Studyofmotionby

relatingtheactionof forceswhich
causethe
motionorVice
Versa.
StartedbyGalileo(15641642)and
continuedbyNewton(16421727).Other
contributorsareEuler,DAlembert,
Langrange,Laplace,Poisont,Coriolis,
Einsteinandothers.

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Howimportantisit?
Basictotheanalysisanddesignofmoving
structuresorfixedstructuressubjectto
shockloads
Todesignroboticdevicesandautomatic
controlsystem.
Tocontrolmovementofrockets,missiles,
spacecraftandothertransport.
Todesignmachineryelementssuchas
turbines,pumps,engines,machinetools,
hoists,liftsetc.

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FKM,UiTMPP

CHAPTER1:
INTRODUCTION&REVIEW
1.1:INTRODUCTIONTOVECTORDYNAMICS

Definition
Vector
Scalar
VectorAlgebra
VectorAddition

Productofscalarandvector

CrossProduct
DotProduct
TripleProduct
UnitVectors
RectangularComponentsofVector
VectorCalculus
Differential
Integral

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1.1:INTRODUCTIONTOVECTOR
DYNAMICS
Definition;
Vectorisdefinedasaquantity
possessingmagnitudeanddirection.
Scalarisaquantitypossessingonly
magnitudewithoutdirection.
Vectoralgebra;
VectorAddition
Additionofvectorisaccordingto
theparallelogramlaw.
ThesumoftwovectorPandQis
obtainedbyusingPandQastwo
sidesoftheparallelogram.
Q
P

P+Q

or

P+Q

Q
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Vectoradditionisassociativeand
commutative.
P+Q=Q+PCommutative
P+(Q+R)=(P+Q)+R.associative
Thenegativeofagivenvectorisa
vectorhavingthesamemagnitudebut
oppositedirection.
-Q
-P+(-Q)

-P

-Q
or

-P

-(P+Q)

Therefore;P+(Q)=Q+(P)=(P+Q)
ItisclearthatP+(P)=PP=0

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Productofscalarandavector
ProductofscalarkandavectorP
havethesamedirectionasP(ifk
ispositive)oroppositedirection
(ifkisnegative)andamagnitude
equaltotheproductofmagnitude
Pandtheabsolutevalueofk.

1.5P

-1.5P

Itfollowsthecommonrulessuch
as
i. k(P+Q)=kP+kQ
ii. kP=Pk
iii. k(lP)=(kl)P
iv. (k+l)P=kP+lP

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CrossProductof2vectors

Crossproductalsoknownasvector
productsinceitproduceavector.

Itisdenotedas C=AxBorA B
Itsatisfiesthefollowingcondition;
lineofactionofCisperpendiculartothe
planecontainingAandB.
MagnitudeofCgivenbyformula
C=ABsin
DirectionofCbasedonrighthandrule
wheretherighthandfingeriscurledinthe
rotationtobringvectorAinlinewithvector
B.PositivedirectionofvectorCisindicated
bythethumb.

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10

Lawsofcrossproduct
AxB=(BxA).notcommutative
Ax(B+C)=AxB+AxC
m(AxB)=(mA)xB=Ax(Bm)=(AxB)m

DotProductof2vectors
Dotproductalsoknownasscalarproductsince
itproduceascalar.

Itisdenotedas C=AB
Itshowsthat;
MagnitudeofCgivenbyformula
C=ABcos
CisaprojectionofvectorAonthevectorB
timesmagnitudeofBorviceversa.
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11

LawsofDotproduct
AB=(BA).commutative
A(B+C)=AB+AC
m(AB)=(mA)B=A(Bm)=(AB)m

TripleProduct.
Threevectorhavingdotandcrossproduct
producingatripleproduct.
(AB)C..producingavector
A(BxC)..producingavolume(scalar)
Ax(BxC)..producingavector
Lawsoftripleproduct
(AB)C=A(BC)
A(BxC)=B(CxA)=C(AxB)
Ax(BxC)=B(AC)C(AB)
(AxB)xC=B(AC)A(BC)
Ax(BxC)=(AxB)xC

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12

UnitVectors.
Unitvectorisavectorhaving1unit
magnitude.
Ithasthesamedirectionasthemain
vector
Itisaratiobetweenthemainvectorandits
magnitude;
a=A =5=1unit
|A| |5|
A=5unit

a=1unit

ThereforeA=5a
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13

RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS OF
VECTOR
In 3D system, vector
divided into X, Y and
Z axis with their unit
vector as i, j and k
respectively.
As in figure above,
vector A denoted by
components Ax, Ay
and Az and written as;
A=Axi + Ayj +Azk
Magnitude of A given by;
IAI= /Ax2 + Ay2 + Az2

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14

Directioncosinesofavector
Cos=Ax

IAI
Cos=Ay

IAI
Cos=Az

IAI

Productsofunitvector
i)

ii=jj=kk=1

ii) ij=jk=ki=0

iii) i?i=j?j=k?k=0
iv) i?j=k,j?k=i,k?i=j
v) j?i=k,k?j=i,i?k=j
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15

RectangularComponentsof
VectorProduct
Ifwehave2vectorPandQwiththeir
components
P=Pxi+Pyj+Pzk
Q=Qxi+Qyj+Qyk
Theircrossproductcanbeobtainedin
determinantform,where
V=P?Q= i
j
k
Px
Py
Pz
Qx

Qy

Qz

V=(PyQzPzQy)i

(PxQzPzQx)j
+(PxQyPyQx)k

Giving;
Vx=PyQzPzQy
Vy=PzQxPxQz
Vz=P
xQyPyQx
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16

VectorCalculus
IfwehavevectorPwithcomponents
P=Pxi+Pyj+Pzk
Then

dP=dPxi+dPyi+dPzk
dtdt

dt

dt

LawsofDiferentiation
d(A+B)=dA+dB

dtdt dt

d(AB)=AdB+dAB
dt

dtdt

d(A?B)=A?dB+dA?B
dt

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dtdt

17

OmegaTheorem
IfvectorPalsorotateswithangularvelocity
andangularacceleration,thenallthe
unitvectorisnotaconstant.Hencethey
mustalsobedifferentiates.
dP=dPxi+dPyi+dPzk
dtdt

dt

dt

dP=idPx+jdPy+kdPz
dtdtdtdt
+Pxdi+Pydj+Pzdk
dt dt dt
P=iPx+jPy+kPz+
Pxi+Pyj+Pzk
Wherei= i
j= j
k= k
Preparedby:BAKRIALI,FKM,UiTMPP

Thisis
knownas
Omega
Theorem

18

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