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    The Child W/ Alterations in Nutrition/Metabolism: Report By: Anita P. Prieto & Sugar Lynn M. Cafirma

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    Anita Prieto
    This document provides information on cleft lip, cleft palate, and tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula. It describes the causes and characteristics of cleft lip and cleft palate, including that cleft lip is caused by failure of facial structures to fuse during development and can range in severity. Cleft palate involves an opening in the palate. For both conditions, early surgical repair is important. Tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula involve an obstruction or abnormal connection of the esophagus and trachea, which can occur in several forms.

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    The Child W/ Alterations in Nutrition/Metabolism: Report By: Anita P. Prieto & Sugar Lynn M. Cafirma

    Uploaded by

    Anita Prieto
    46 views6 pages
    This document provides information on cleft lip, cleft palate, and tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula. It describes the causes and characteristics of cleft lip and cleft palate, including that cleft lip is caused by failure of facial structures to fuse during development and can range in severity. Cleft palate involves an opening in the palate. For both conditions, early surgical repair is important. Tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula involve an obstruction or abnormal connection of the esophagus and trachea, which can occur in several forms.

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    The child w/ alteration in nutrition and metabolism

    Original Title

    Nutrition & Metabolism

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    This document provides information on cleft lip, cleft palate, and tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula. It describes the causes and characteristics of cleft lip and cleft palate, including that cleft lip is caused by failure of facial structures to fuse during development and can range in severity. Cleft palate involves an opening in the palate. For both conditions, early surgical repair is important. Tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula involve an obstruction or abnormal connection of the esophagus and trachea, which can occur in several forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    46 views6 pages

    The Child W/ Alterations in Nutrition/Metabolism: Report By: Anita P. Prieto & Sugar Lynn M. Cafirma

    Uploaded by

    Anita Prieto
    This document provides information on cleft lip, cleft palate, and tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula. It describes the causes and characteristics of cleft lip and cleft palate, including that cleft lip is caused by failure of facial structures to fuse during development and can range in severity. Cleft palate involves an opening in the palate. For both conditions, early surgical repair is important. Tracheoesophageal atresia and fistula involve an obstruction or abnormal connection of the esophagus and trachea, which can occur in several forms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    The Child w/

    Alterations in
    Nutrition/Metabolism
    Report By:
    Anita P. Prieto & Sugar Lynn M. Cafirma

    Cleft Lip and Palate


    Cleft Lip
    -- Failure of the maxillary and median nasal processes to fuse normally.
    The fusion fails to occur in varying degrees, causing this disorder to
    range from a small notch in the upper lip to total separation of the lip
    and facial structure up into the floor of the nose, w/ even the upper
    teeth and gingiva absent.
    The deviation may be unilateral or bilateral.
    The nose is generally flattened because the incomplete fusion of the
    upper lip has allowed it to expand in a horizontal dimension.
    It is more prevalent among boys than girls.
    It occurs as a familial tendency or most likely occurs from the
    transmission of multiple genes
    Formation may be aided by teratogenic factors present during weeks 5
    to 8 of intrauterine life, such as a viral infection or possibly a deficiency
    of folic acid.

    Cleft Palate
    An opening of the palate, is usually on the midline and may
    involve the anterior hard palate, the posterior soft palate, or both.
    It may be a separate anomaly, but as a rule it occurs in
    conjunction w/ a cleft lip.
    As a single entity, it tends to occur more on girls than boys.
    It appears to be the result of polygenic inheritance or
    environmental influences.
    Assessment
    Cleft Lip - may be detected by a sonogram while the infant is in
    utero.
    If not detected then it is readily apparent on inspection at birth.
    Cleft Palate can be determined by depressing the newborns
    tongue w/ a tongue blade.
    This reveals the total palate and the extent of a cleft palate.

    Therapeutic Management
    If a Cleft Lip is discovered while the infant is still in utero, fetal
    surgery can repair the condition, although this procedure is not
    usually attempted.
    If discovered at birth, it is repaired surgically shortly after birth,
    sometimes at the time of the initial hospital stay or between 2
    and 10 weeks of age.
    Early repair also helps infants experience the pleasure of sucking
    as soon as possible.
    It is also important from a psychological standpoint that these
    disorder be repaired early.
    In Cleft Palate the repair is usually postponed until a child is 6 to 8
    months old to allow the anatomic change in the palate contour
    that occurs during the 1st year of life to take place.
    Repairs made before this change ( the palate arch increases) may
    be ineffective and may have to be repeated.

    Tracheoesophageal Atresia and Fistula

    Esophageal Atresia is obstruction of the esophagus. Often a Fistula


    (opening) occurs between the closed esophagus and the trachea.
    5 Usual types of Esophageal Atresia that occur are:
    1. The esophagus ends in a blind pouch, there is a tracheoesophageal
    fistula between the distal part of the esophagus and the trachea.
    2. The esophagus ends in a blind pouch, there is no connection to the
    trachea.
    3. A fistula is present between an otherwise normal esophagus and
    trachea.
    4. The esophagus ends in a blind pouch.
    A fistula connects the blind pouch if the proximal esophagus to the
    trachea.
    5. There is a blind end portion of the esophagus. Fistulas are present
    between both widely spaced segments of the esophagus and the trachea

    Assessment

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