First Travel Abroad of Dr.

Jose Rizal (1882-1887)

Group 4
John Carlo Tumamao Ron Allen Reodica

Aeron Oliveros

Leroue Sarinas

Rogelio Pangan Jr John Martin Quetua Christian Angelo Abaya Gerold Dela
Cruz

Reference:
jjjjj

(CIT library)

(Main Book)

(LaConsolacion)

Planning
Before the end of school year of 1881-1882 Rizal already decided
to leave for Europe.
To continue his studies in Europe and provide for his need.
Even his own parents did not know that he was leaving.
Only uncle Antonio rivera, paciano, and his sister and some of his
close friends knew.
Paciano would send him fixed monthly stipend of 35 pesos and
his uncle Antonio for his part.
Rizal used a passport obtained by a cousin named Jose
Mercado.

Rizals Motives
As Rizals motives, its said
that Rizal went to Europe
because he was
dissatisfied with the
DOMINICAN METHODS
of teaching and with the
way they treated the
students, and based on
UST concepts. Which were
contrary to rationalist
ideas.

DOMINICAN METHODS

Memorization method

Bookish system of learning

Rizals main/true motives were of a

higher level and greater consequence

Conscious of the role he would

assume in the emancipation of
the Philippines.

EMANCIPATION
-act of setting free from the
power of another.
-to give same legal, social and
political rights as other people

The secret nature of trip had two aspects

1.

Regarding the objectives of the trip.

2.

Keeping from his parents and rest of the family the fact of his
going to Europe.

The Departure

On that day paciano woke him up to

go to binang and thence to manila. He
called his servants to hire a
carromota to transport him to next
town. Paciano gave him 365 Mexican
pesos, the legal tender then in the
Philippines. He did not bid good bye to
his six sister who were still sleeping.
He took up a cup of coffee and kissed
the hands of his parents, who
thought that was he was only
bound for manila, not for abroad!
With the overwhelming emotion that
welled within him, it took great effort
to keep himself from shedding tears.
I bade a silent goodbye to
everything that was dear to me.

Djemnah

The vessel on which rizal sailed from Singapore (1882)

Djemnah was a French cargo-passenger ship, launched in 1875, that was

sunk in the Mediterranean by the German submarine UB-105 during the
First World War.

The next day, the 2nd may

Finding it impossible to sleep, he rose early. At seven, his
compadre(Mateo evangelista) arrived and together went to see
Salvadora which was anchored at the pasig. Evangelista wished to
introduce and recommend jose to the captain. The boat between
manila and Singapore at the low speed of only seven nautical
miles per hour. He went to say good bye to Pedro A. Paterno who
gave him a letter for mister esquivel, an important Filipino resident
in spain, together with pictures for his brother who lived in
madrid. In commentaries on this visit, Rizal says: I owe to this
religion almost everything that Iam. this remark confirms
that when rizal left manila he was still catholic.

On the 3rd of May

He woke up at 5:00 in the morning. He was full of accumulated
tension. He heard mass, later had a breakfast but could not eat
owing to his emotional state. Accompanied by gella and tio Antonio,
he went to the paseo Magallanes then to the wharf on the pasig
river where the salvadora docked. They accompanied him up to
bay, they were returning on the practico. With his exquisite
sensibility. He expressed his feelings of gratitude. how can I
ever repay you? Because I am human I weep upon leaving
my country. it was at this moment when he referred to his
mission, I go in search of a vain idea, perhaps a false
illusion. as always, throughout his life, he was skeptical and
doubtful. Over above this grave solemnity and uncertainly and
uncertainly floated the happy memories of his days describes in his
personalized diario.

On the 3rd of May

Rizal listened to conversations on board, and by so doing he
heard un favorable remarks against his country by some spaniards.
These were made not only against the Philippines but also
against the latin-American countries, not withstanding the fact
that the emigrant critics had made their fortunes in the very
countries they criticized.
Referring to passenger who was returning to spain loaded
with gold, yet bristling with criticism against his country, rizal
remarks: dont see why they had the poor taste of suffering
such martyrdorm. fortunately not all Spaniards are of the same
thinking.

On the 9th of May

They arrived at SINGAPORE

Where all the passengers disembarked since the salvadora was
not going any further. He stayed in a very good hotel, the hotel
dela paz. during the entire journey rizal had royal treatment not
only in regard to lodging but also in the matter of visiting all the
centers, museums and establishments which would add to his
cultural growth. in his experience, he over-estimated perhaps the
value of the 365 pesos given him by paciano. Though it was, at
that time, a fortune. What happened is that upon his arrival in
Barcelona he had no money left, and had to borrow from Jesuits.

On the 14th of May

They arrived at the PUNTA DE GALES(new south wales)

Where disembarked. From there they sailed to guide for the trip from
Colombo, the senegales capital. Here he rented a coach and hired a guide for
the trip from the Colombo to the cape of guardafui in the African peninsula of
Somalia. They went through seven days of stormy weather, suffered the
attendant dizziness. The djemnah entered the red sea, which now had
taken on a blue color in the same manner as it becomes black (not white)
during the nine months of ice. The heat and the full moon which illumined
the night reminded him of his country, and in a reverent invocation of the
god he implored him that he shower life and peace on his family, on the
other side of the seas, where his people were, reserving himself all the
sufferings.

The next stop was Aden..

He landed and noticed the lack of sanitation and hygiene:

dirty tables on which refreshments were served, the ice
broken with a nail and served with the hand, misery,
poverty-ridden homes and absence of vegetation. Suffered
terribly from the heat. He observed that it was hotter
than his beloved Philippines.

On the second of June

They arrived at SUEZ

Where they stayed in quarantine for 24 hours. On entering the canal

they were blocked by the remains of a damage ship, and this
delayed them for four days. At last they arrived at port said. He
stepped down and visited the city. For the 1st time he heard the La
marseillaise although it had been 90 years since Rouget de Lisle
composed the Chante de guerre pour larmee du rhin. It struck him
as an enthusiastic, menacing and, at the same time sad song.

On the 11th of June

They arrived at NAPLES(in Italy).

The silhouette and the smoke of Mt. Vesuvius inspired rizal to
compose poetic prose on the spot. The city of panoramic beaut
by the bay and liveliness of the people. He went down to the
port, although they only had an hour and a half to make a tour to
the city, made good use of the brief stop and went aboard on the
time.

On the night of June 12

They docked at MARSEILLE(which was the end of voyage of the Djemnah)

and he hoped to land the following day. During the night he was filled with
melancholy thinking of the good friends on board whom he was about to
lose. He was definitely a sentimentalist, with profound sense of the
meaning of friendship, coupled with his predisposition to fall in love. He
seemed deeply affected by the prospect of separation from two young
girls. For disembarking he put on his best clothes top coat and gloves.
Rizal always careful in his manner of dressing, even up to the day of his
death. All the Filipino residents in spain dressed with great care.

On the 15th of June

He arrived in BARCELONA.

Rizals 1st impression of Barcelona, greatest city Cantaluna and spain

second largest city, was unfavorable. He thought that it was ugly, with
dirty little inns and inhospitable residents. Because he happened to stay
upon his arrival at a dingy inn situated on an unimpressive narrow street
in the town most ugly side. and staff and guest indifferent to him.
Later he changed his bad impression and came to like the city. He found
it to be really great city, with a atmosphere of freedom and liberalism,
and its people open-hearted, hospitable and courageous. He enjoyed
promenading along las ramblas, famous street in Barcelona.

His homesickness and loneliness had again given

rise to depression. He suffered, but with his will,
determination and sense of duty, he would overcome all
obstacles. He had learned much from his trip, from his
personal observation, his conversations with the passengers,
all of which made up an atmosphere totally different from
what he had known till then. He began to see the Philippines
from another perspective. Until then it was a dark picture, but
from that moment he saw with a ray that shed light on the
scene, albeit only partially. He also noted the attitude of some
wealthy spaniards regarding the Philippines.

Rizal moves to
Madrid

While sojourning in Barcelona Rizal

received sad news about the cholera that
was ravaging in manila and the provinces.
Many people had died and more were
dying daily. According to pacianos letter,
dated September 5,1882, the calamba
folks were having afternoon novenas to
san roque and nocturnal procession and
prayers so that god may stop the dreadful
epidemic, which the Spanish authorities
were impotent to check.
Another sad news from the Philippines
was the chatty letter of Chengoy
recounting the unhappiness of Leonor
rivera, who was getting thinner because
of the absence of a loved one.

November 3,
1882

Rizal enrolled in the Universidad Central

de madrid

in two courses medicine and Philosophy

and letters. Aside from heavy studies in
the university, he studied painting and
sculpture in the Academy of San carlos,
took lesson on French, German and
English under a private instructor and
assiduously practised fencing and
shooting in the hall of arms of sanz y
carbonell . His thrist for knowledge was
unlimited. He attended operas and
concerts to improve his knowledge of
music, he visited the art galleries and
museums and read books all subjects
under the sun including military
engineering, in order to broaden his
cultural background. Rizal led a Spartan
life in madrid. he lived frugally like an
ilokano, spending his money on food,
clothing, and books. His spare hours
were devoting to attending lectures,
operas and religious fiestas.

Paris to Berlin1885-87
After competing his studies in Madrid, Rizal went to Paris and
Germany in order to specialize in ophthalmology. He particularly
chose this branch in of medicine because he wanted to cure his
mothers eye. He also served as assistant to the famous oculist in
Europe. He also continued his travels and observations of European
life and customs in Paris. Heidelberg, Leipzig in Berlin. In Berlin,
capital of the newly unified Germany, he met befriended several
top German scientist, Dr. Feodor Jagor, Dr. Andolp D. Meyer,
Dr. Hans Meyer and Dr. Rudolf Virchow. His merits as a scientist
were recognized by the eminent scientist of Europe.
Ophthalmology- The branch of medicine concerned with the study and
treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye.

In Gay Paris(1885-86)
Shortly after terminating his studies at the Universidad
central de Madrid, Rizal who was then 24 years old and
already a physician, decided to go to Paris in order to acquire
more knowledge in ophthalmology.
On his way to Paris, He stopped at Barcelona to visit his
friend, Maximo Viola, a medical student and a member of a
rich family in San Miguel Bulacan. He stayed for a week,
during which time he befriended Senior eusebio corminas,
editor of the newspaper La Puiblicidad. He gave the editor
corominas an article on the carolines question for publication.

Dr. Maximo Viola

(18571933) was a propagandist, writer,

revolutionary leader and doctor
fromBulacan, Philippines

He is known as the Best friend ofJose

Rizalin Europe.

He also financed theNoli Me

TangereofJose Rizal.

THE MAN WHO FIRST READ THE NOLI

ME TANGERE

Dr. Maximo S. Viola will constantly be

remembered as the man who saved
the Noli Me Tangere for posterity. More
than that, he served the Filipino people by
supporting Dr. Jose Rizal in his advocacy
for nationalism, which inspired the
Philippine Revolution.

The Providential Viola

The Providential Viola Due to financial constraints, Rizal had to
look for the cheapest book printer and eventually got the
Beliner Buchdrukerei-Actien-Gesselschaft-SetzerinnenSchule de Lette Verreins to print the book. He was charged
300 pesos for 2,000 copies and he had to borrow the amount
from his friend Maximo Viola. The book finally came out in
March 1887. The Filipinos commemorate February 22, 1887 as
the birthday of Noli Me Tangere, for it was that book that
made Jose Rizal the inevitable leader of the Filipinos, and started
him on the road to martyrdom and immortality.

Rizal as Musician
The Filipino contemporaries of Rizal
could either play an instrument or sing.
Especially, in the home of the pardo de
taveras and in the luna studio, every
reunion was enlivened with the playing
or singing of the kundiman and other
Philippine melodies. Rizal have no
aptitude for music, and this he
admitted. But he studied music
because of his schoolmates in Ateneo
taking music lesson. And he learned
the solfeggio, the piano, and voice
culture in one month and a half.

On February 8 1886
He arrived on Heidelberg.
Historic city in Germany famous
for its old university and
romantic surroundings. For the
short he lived in a boarding house
with some German law students.
These students found out that
Rizal was a Good chess player so
that they recommended him to
be member of this chess club.
Its not true, as some
biographers say, that he
studied law in the University
of Heidelberg. He was only
attending some lecture
courses to satiate his thirst
for knowledge.

In Heidleberg

Rizal worked in the clinic of Dr.

Javier Galezowsky (Famous polish
ophthalmologist)

Rizal Studied under Dr. Otto

Becker (Great authority in
ophthalmology)

On August 6 1886

University of Heidelberg

Rizal was Fortunate in sojourning in Heidelberg when the famous

University of Heidelberg held its fifth Centenary of Heidelberg
University celebration. It was two days before his departure, he
was sad because he came to love beautiful city and its
hospitable people.

On August 8 1886

University of Leipzig

He boarded a train, visited various cities of Germany, arrived in Leipzig on

august 14 1886. he attended some lectures in University of Leipzig on history
of psychology. Rizal stayed in Leipzig from august 14 to octobre 29 1886. In
this German city, he translated Schillers of William Tell from German to
tagalog. In order that Filipinos might know the story of that champion Swiss
independence.On Octobre 29, he left Leipzig for Dresden, where he met Dr.
Adolph B. Meyer, Director of Anthropological and Enthnological.

Rizal Welcomed in Berlins Scientific

Circles
Rizal was enchanted by berlin because of its scientific
atmosphere and the absence of race prejudice. In this city, he came
in contact with great scientist. He met for the very first time Dr.
Feodor Jagor(German scientist-traveler and author of Travels in the
Philippines), a book which Rizal read and admired during his
student days in Manila.
Dr. Jagor, in turn, introduced Rizal to Dr. Rudolf
Virchow(Famous German anthropologist), and his son dr. Hans
Virchow(Professor of Descriptive Anatomy). Rizal also met Dr.
Joest(German geographer). He worked in the clinic of Dr. R
Schulzer(German ophthalmologist).

Rizal became a member of the anthropological society and

the geographical society of Berlin upon recommendation of
Dr. Jagor and Dr. Meyer. His membership in both scientific
societies proved that his scientific knowledge was recognized
by Europes scientist.
Dr. Virchow who recognized Rizals genius, invited
the latter to give a lecture on the tagalogs before the
Anthropological Society in Berlin. In response to Dr. Virchow
invitation, Rizal wrote a scholarly paper in German, entitled
Tagalische Verskunst (Tagalog Metrical Art) which he read
before the society in April, 1887. it elicited favorable
comments from all scientific quarters.

Rizals Life In Berlin

Rizal was not a mere Student or a curious tourist. he lived in this
famous capital of unified Germany for five reason.
1. To gain further knowledge of ophthalmology
2. To further his studies of sciences and languages
3. Observe the conditions of the German nations
4. To associate with the famous German scientists and scholars
5. To finish his novel, Noli Me Tangere.

I did not believe that the

Noli Me Tangere would ever
be published. I was in
Berlin, weakened and
discouraged from hunger
and deprivation. I was on
the point of throwing my
work into the fire as a thing
accursed and fit only to
die. Dr. Jose Rizal

Rizal described him as:

"affable man, who is more refined than
his own countrymen and colleagues"

THANK YOU CLASSMATES HAVE A GOOD DAY!!!