Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 181 views

    Automotive Resistances

    Uploaded by

    SweetiSharma
    The document discusses various resistances that reduce the power delivered to a vehicle's wheels from the engine. It describes rolling resistance from road and tire deformation, frictional resistance from transmission losses and driving conditions, road gradient resistance from slopes, and air resistance from vehicle speed and wind. It defines tractive resistance as the sum of all automotive resistances and notes it is considered at the vehicle's axle. The document also discusses tractive effort, pickup/acceleration, gradeability/climbing ability, and drawbar horsepower utilized to propel the vehicle after overcoming resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Automotive Resistances

    Uploaded by

    SweetiSharma
    181 views13 pages
    The document discusses various resistances that reduce the power delivered to a vehicle's wheels from the engine. It describes rolling resistance from road and tire deformation, frictional resistance from transmission losses and driving conditions, road gradient resistance from slopes, and air resistance from vehicle speed and wind. It defines tractive resistance as the sum of all automotive resistances and notes it is considered at the vehicle's axle. The document also discusses tractive effort, pickup/acceleration, gradeability/climbing ability, and drawbar horsepower utilized to propel the vehicle after overcoming resistances.

    Original Description:

    resistances faced by the vehicle

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses various resistances that reduce the power delivered to a vehicle's wheels from the engine. It describes rolling resistance from road and tire deformation, frictional resistance from transmission losses and driving conditions, road gradient resistance from slopes, and air resistance from vehicle speed and wind. It defines tractive resistance as the sum of all automotive resistances and notes it is considered at the vehicle's axle. The document also discusses tractive effort, pickup/acceleration, gradeability/climbing ability, and drawbar horsepower utilized to propel the vehicle after overcoming resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    181 views13 pages

    Automotive Resistances

    Uploaded by

    SweetiSharma
    The document discusses various resistances that reduce the power delivered to a vehicle's wheels from the engine. It describes rolling resistance from road and tire deformation, frictional resistance from transmission losses and driving conditions, road gradient resistance from slopes, and air resistance from vehicle speed and wind. It defines tractive resistance as the sum of all automotive resistances and notes it is considered at the vehicle's axle. The document also discusses tractive effort, pickup/acceleration, gradeability/climbing ability, and drawbar horsepower utilized to propel the vehicle after overcoming resistances.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Automotive

    resistances

    Automotive resistances
    Brake horse power at crankshaft is not fully utilized to speed up
    the vehicle. Much of it goes waste to overcome various resistances.
    Road resistance:
    a. Rolling resistance
    b. Frictional resistance
    .Road gradient resistance
    .Air (Wind) resistance
    .Accelerating resistance

    Rolling resistance
    It mainly occurs due to deformation of road and tyre, and
    dissipation of energy through impact.
    Rolling resistance depends on:
    Mass of the vehicle
    Road surface (Nature/ material)
    Material of tyres
    Inflation of tyres

    Frictional resistance
    Another kind of road resistance, which includes resistance due to
    transmission losses also.
    Frictional resistance also depends on :
    Driving conditions
    Driving habits
    Maintenance of the vehicle

    Road gradient resistance


    The slope (gradient) of the road has considerable effect on
    resistance to motion of the vehicle.
    The gradient resistance depends on:
    Mass of the vehicle
    Slope of the road on which vehicle is moving
    The gradient resistance is higher on a steeper road than on road
    with mild slope.

    Air resistance
    Air resistance faced by the automobile depends upon:
    Speed of the vehicle
    Shape and size of the vehicle
    Speed of moving air
    Direction of wind with respect of vehicles motion

    Tractive resistance
    Sum of all automotive resistances is known as tractive resistances
    RT and is considered at the axle of the vehicle.
    RT= RR+RF+RG+RA+Racc
    Racc= accelerating resistance (when the vehicle is to be accelerated)

    Tractive effort
    If the rear wheels of the vehicle are driven with no slip taking
    place between the tires and the level road surface, the wheel
    force or the tractive effort (TE) is equal to the torque at the
    driven wheels (Tw) divided by the rolling radius or effective
    radius (Rw)

    TE =Tw / Rw [N]
    Tw = Te ig if ht [N m]
    where:
    Tw is the wheel torque [N m]
    Te is the engine torque [N m]
    ig is the gearbox ratio
    if is the final drive ratio
    ht is the transmission efficiency
    TE is the tractive effort [N]
    Rw is the rolling radius or effective radius [m]

    Pick-up or acceleration
    Pick-up or accelaration is the rate of change in velocity of a
    vehicle.
    It can be expressed as time taken in seconds to attain certain
    velocity starting from zero.

    Ex: Any vehicle may attain 0-50 kmph in 14.45 seconds while
    most racing cars take 2.2 to 2.4 seconds to attain 0-100 kmph.

    Gradeability (climbability) of a vehicle


    It is desirable that a vehicle should be capable to ride upward to a
    satisfactory limit.
    Gradeability (q) may be defined as the hill climbing ability of the
    vehicle.
    It relates the vertical height reached at the end of the path
    measured on the horizontal.
    It is expressed in degrees or in percentage (1 = 1.744%)

    Drawbar horsepower
    A large portion of brake horse power goes waste in overcoming
    various resistances in moving vehicle.
    Rest of the power is utilized to propel the vehicle.
    The power which is utilized to propel the vehicle is known as
    drawbar horse power (Dhp).
    Dhp = Bhp - resistances

    You might also like