3d Scanning 1214

3D Scanning
How can we get the form?

Projection
Scanning
A 3D
scanner is a device that analyzes a

real-world object or environment to collect
data on its shape and possibly its
appearance (i.e. color). The collected data
can then be used to construct digital,
three dimensional models
Touch probe, optical, laser ranging, etc.
Usually the points are structured
3D Scanning equipment
Contact
Touch
type
probe scanner
CMM
Non-contact
Laser
type
scanner
Optical scanner
Touch probe scanning
Co-ordinate measurement
Laser range scanning
CMM with rigid perpendicular arms
Optical scanning
Application range
From
very small (tip of a drill bit) to very

large (Even a tower)
Rigid or soft
Coloured, glossy, transparent
Restrictions: Smoke, hair, cloud, very fast
moving objects, etc.
Data captured
X
Y Z location of points
Freshly scanned data sets are usually
structured, as a array in XY plane with
different Z values
May become un-structured, un-even
spaced in all directions after re-sampling
Usually stored as an ASCII text file
Point cloud
The
collection of points is called point

clouds
A point cloud define the SURFACE of an
object
Some scanner (like CT and MRI) can
measure physical properties of a objects
entire solid mass, the collection of points
is not point cloud, it is called VOXEL
Level of details (LOD)

LOD
is determined by point density, which

is determined during scanning
LOD is proportional to file size
Scanning itself is not selective, the result
file size of a flat surface is the same as a
carved board
Shape consideration
Optical
scanner capture a 2D array of

points each time
Steep surface will have less points cast on
it, thus fewer details
3D Optical scanning
Take
pictures of the object

Output a set of 3D points
Shape VS position
Point
clouds gives only position

information
The shape of the object, if there is any, is
not defined in the point cloud data
Human can infer the shape from the
clouds easily, but it is very difficult for
machines
Scan registration and merge
Positioning and scaling

Data
from optical scanner is not necessary

correct in size
Positioning of point cloud is not necessary
suitable for surface patching
Alignment may need to be adjusted
Triangulation
The
process of converting point clouds to

polygon models
Triangulation is computation intensive
If two points are close together, they are
most probably on one surface
If there are more that one possible shape,
the shape that form a CONVEX HULL are
more likely the correct choice
Feature curves
Feature
curves are curves that define

distinctive visual features
Sharp
edges
Fillets
Holes
3D
scanning cannot capture feature

curves directly
Irregularities may be corrected
Surface recreation
Cut
Sections by user defined plane, and

then create surface according to these
sections
Draw 3D feature curves directly on the
point cloud
Full auto generation
Steps to retrieve CAD from foam

model
Scanning
and stitching
Re-sampling
Automatic surfacing or manual surfacing
For manual surfacing
Positioning
and scaling
Draw feature curves
Draw Surface patches
Check deviation
3D SCANNER in space
Engineers
have agreed for a long time that

it is not very economic to assemble a
satellite here, on Earth, and to launch it
into space only after it is assembled
Recently, a space technology
development company has come up with
the idea that the components should be
built up in the space with gigantic 3D
printers
According
to the idea, printers could be remote

controlled from Earth. If all of these things came
true, many components such as shields and
supports could be saved, which now serve to
protect the satellite while it gets out into the
space.
while the crew of the International Space Station
could use them to reproduce damaged
components quickly. According to the most
daring ideas space printers could collect, break
down or even reuse space debris orbiting
around the Earth.
Technology
There
are a variety of technologies for digitally

acquiring the shape of a 3D object.
A well established classification divides them
into two types: contact and non-contact 3D
scanners.
Non-contact 3D scanners can be further divided
into two main categories, active scanners and
passive scanners. There are a variety of
technologies that fall under each of these
categories.
Related applications
Specialised
applications
Surfacer
Rapid
Form
Raindrop Geomagic
Scanning
Pro/E,
modules
UG, CATIA, ALIAS
Benefits of 3D scanning
3D
model scanning could benefit the

design process if:
Increase effectiveness working with
complex parts and shapes.
Help with design of products to
accommodate someone else's part.
If CAD models are outdated, a 3D scan
will provide an updated version
Replacement of missing or older parts
3D BODY SCANNER
3D
scanners can capture a single scan in

just a few seconds. They can obtain 3D
measurements quickly which can be
analyzed immediately with the patient.
Fast scanning speed prevents patients
from moving during the 3D scanning
process. White light scanners are also
safe the eye for face scanning.
THANK YOU

3d Scanning 1214

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3D Scanning

How can we get the form?

scanner is a device that analyzes a

Touch probe scanning

Laser range scanning

CMM with rigid perpendicular arms

very small (tip of a drill bit) to very

collection of points is called point

Level of details (LOD)

is determined by point density, which

scanner capture a 2D array of

pictures of the object

clouds gives only position

Scan registration and merge

Positioning and scaling

from optical scanner is not necessary

process of converting point clouds to

curves are curves that define

scanning cannot capture feature

Sections by user defined plane, and

Steps to retrieve CAD from foam

have agreed for a long time that

to the idea, printers could be remote

are a variety of technologies for digitally

UG, CATIA, ALIAS

model scanning could benefit the

scanners can capture a single scan in

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