A Generation Utilities
Experience with Generator
Stability
Model Validation Testing
Ontario Power Generation
Joel Barton
Generator Stability Model
Validation Testing
History of Ontario Control Area
Process
Lessons Learned
July 14, 2003
History
Ontario Control Area
1906 to 99 - Ontario Hydro, The original vertically
integrated utility (+PUCs&IPPs)
April 1999 Ontario Hydro Demerger
1. IMO (Independent System Operator or ISO),
2. Hydro One (Transmitter),
3. OPG (Generator),
4. Ont. Hydro Financial Corporation (Debt Co.)
5. Electrical Inspection Authority
May 1st 2002 - Market Opening
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
How we managed?
Before 1999 Vertically Integrated Utility,
Ontario Hydro
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
How things worked Before 1999
Vertically Integrated Utility
Ontario Control Area Managed by Ontario Hydro
Reliability Compliance Process
Managed and Performed by Ontario Hydro
Some Guidelines passed down via NERC / NPCC
Most Procedures internally Developed & Performed
Reliability Compliance Activities
Modelling of System
Central planning of System
Setting & Re-verification Protection Systems
Setting & Testing of Generation Control systems
July 14, 2003
Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
How we managed?
Before 1999 Vertically Integrated Utility
99 to April 2002 Transition to Open
Market
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
IMO Activities 1999 to April 2002
Preparations for Open Market
IMO Accountable for:
Market Structure,
Market Rules & Regulations:
these R&R state the following Technical Compliance Requirements:
1. Gathering of Equipment Data for Ratings (Such Generator VAR Capability and Ramping
Rates), Settings (Generator Protection and Controls) and Models (Generator Governor, Exciter
and Stabilizer Models in PTI and IEEE format (Required for System Modelling),
2. Gather Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are acceptable to
NPCC and NERC for Ontario Control Area (which includes the Stability Model Validation of
the Generator Controls Governor, Exciters and Stabilizers),
3. System Limits,
4. Regulate System Development (variant of Central Planning Function done by Ontario
Hydro they grant permission of Connection and Disconnection Equipment)
Registration of all Market Participants (Generators, Transmitters, Transmission Customers,
Load-Serving Entities, Power Marketers)
Outage Authority for System Impactive Equipment
Operating Market including Managing Reliability and Supply/Demand Balancing when
market is open
July 14, 2003
Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
OPG Activities 1999 to April 2002
Preparations for Open Market
OPG Accountable for:
Generation Assets of Former Ontario Hydro
To IMO (Our Independent System Operator or ISO) the following Technical Compliance
Requirements in the Market Rules and Regulations:
1. Submission of Equipment Data for Ratings (Such Generator VAR Capability and Ramping
Rates), Setting (Generator Protection and Controls) and Models (Generator Governor, Exciter
and Stabilizer Models in PTI and IEEE format (Required for System Modelling),
2. Submission of Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are
acceptable to NPCC and NERC for Ontario Control Area (which includes the Stability Model
Validation of the Generator Controls Governor, Exciters and Stabilizers),
3. Registration of Equipment with IMO
4. Compliance with all Market Rules and Regulations (which includes Testing of Equipment)
To Hydro One (owner of Transmission Asset) the following Technical Compliance
Requirements in the Ontario Transmission System Code:
1. Submission of Equipment Data
2. Submission of Protection and Control equipment settings and testing schedules are
acceptable to Ontario Transmission System Code
3. Sign Transmission (Distribution for Small Generators) Connection Agreements with Hydro
One
July 14, 2003
Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
How we managed?
Before 1999 Vertically Integrated Utility
99 to April 2002 Transition to Open Market
April 2002 to Present Learn to operate in
Open Market Environment
July 14, 2003
Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
OPG Activities
April 2002 to Now
Maintenance of existing data
Manage requests to replace existing equipment and add new equipment
(most difficult part of these requests is making OPG employees aware of
requirements for IMO and Hydro One)
Testing of Equipment Continues (which includes the Stability Model
Validation of the Generator Controls Governors, Exciters and Stabilizers)
Outages Requests are normally the most difficult part of both testing and
replace/new equipment commissioning
Outage Requests are delayed for a number of reasons: capacity shortages,
other outage requests, insufficient information on schedule, insufficient
outages process to facilitate testing schedule, testing does not go as
scheduled
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Data Management
Access Database
(locked for security reasons with single point of
data entry)
Developed by a single group for large corporation to
have consistency and single point of contact for
outside of organization entities.
Distribute Data and/or accessible of all users with a
vested interest and get their buy-in to keeping records
up to date
Ensure process for continued management and
support of records
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Testing Logistics
Schedule all asset for Generator Stability
Model Validation Testing on a 5 year plan to
align with the IMO/NPCC/NERC testing cycle
Do in a smooth co-ordinated fashion for workforce and dollar management
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ence...
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Outage Management
Set schedule for outage request submission that the regulator
approves
Unfortunately, regulator approval or cancellation of testing
outage not given to just before start of testing events
Small and medium generator testing (10-100MVA units)
outages easier since revenue metering point is normally an
aggregate point of multiple units and testing output of unit can
be managed behind the aggregate point so that consistent
output to the regulator
Large generator testing difficult since must bid test schedule to
the regulator
For large generator with long testing outages (that is weeks
in length) bid self-scheduling to the regulator.
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Equipment changes and commission
outages
Defined approval schedule for submission to
regulator that must be adhered to
Awareness of the above defined schedule with
project staff initially a problem
Awareness of data requirements to meet Market Rules
and Regulations
Awareness of Equipment Rating Capability
requirements to meet Market Rules and Regulations
(new or replacement equipment needed to meet the
rules)
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ence...
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To Facilitate and Support
Technical Compliance Process
De-centralize responsibility Technical
Compliance to plants so they have vested
interest in getting work done
Have central support and co-ordinating group
to assist plants staff Technical Compliance
Plan testing and reporting centrally to deal
with regulator and other entities, since plant
staff are busy running the plants.
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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How we managed?
Before 1999 Vertically Integrated Utility
99 to April 2002 Transition to Open Market
April 2002 to Present Learn to operate in
Open Market Environment
Future Improve Testing Process
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Outage Management for
Future Testing
Hopefully Fourth Quarter of 2003 De-rate Slip
for Testing of Large Units
All Market Participant on board with concept
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Generation Utilities' Experi
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On-line Testing
Passive testing, instead of active outage based
testing
Could be in the forms of: temporary connected
equipment that measures records as system as
small fluctuations or permanent installed
equipment if it is economical to install, also
encourage manufacturers consider built in online testing equipment in new designs
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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How we managed?
Before 1999 Vertically Integrated Utility
99 to April 2002 Transition to Open Market
April 2002 to Present Learn to operate in
Open Market Environment
Future Improve Testing Process
Lessons Learned
July 14, 2003
Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Lessons Learned
Data management system is important electronic data storage system,
copies of data should be accessible by all users who have vested interest
(production, project and technical staff), security of data critical, intranet
based if possible
Company Awareness of Market Requirements is important and the
accompanying support/understanding of Management
(explanation in simple English works best with management)
Company Awareness of dollar benefits of testing is important
(unfortunately, the best model to analyze cost/benefit of testing is insurance
policy, that is, normally the only time a benefit is realized is when
something bad happens, otherwise testing is another small cost of doing
business)
Discovery of problems when testing equipment is important since protects
the assets and should eliminate liability/non-compliance issues with
regulator
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Continued - Lessons Learned
Planning in co-ordinated fashion is important for
work-load managing, alignment with NPCC/NERC
testing cycle (5 year cycle) and Dollar managing
Determine Minimum size exception for testing of
Generator (typically 10 MVA) varies with
impactiveness of generator within the local electrical
system
Develop On-line testing methodology and procedures
if possible
Encourage manufacturers to build-in testing
capability into their equipment and event recording
equipment
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Generation Utilities' Experi
ence...
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Acknowledgements
Kestrel Power Engineering
Roger Berube, Les Hajagos
Ontario Power Generation
Gord Haines
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Contact - Joel Barton
Telephone:
Email:
Address:
(905) 357-0322 X3989
[email protected]Ontario Power Generation
Sir Adam Beck #1, Generation Station
14000 Niagara Parkway
RR #1
Niagara on the Lake, Ont. Canada
L0S 1J0
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Generation Utilities' Experi
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