France and Abnormal Psychology

France and
Abnormal
psychology
n 1838 , Esquirol, a French physician ,

distinguished levels of imbecility
nd idiocy
placed great emphasis upon language
skills in the diagnosis of mental
retardation
Three levels of mental

retardation:
1)those using short
phrases,
2) those using only
monosyllables, and
3) those with cries only,
no speech.
Jean-tienne Dominique Esquirol (17721840)
Peabody
Vocabulary
Stanford- Binet test

is
a modified version of the

Binet-Simon Intelligence scale
O. Edouard Seguin (1812

1880)
--had been a student of Esquirol and

had also studied with J. M. G. Itard
(17741838), who is well known for
his five-year attempt to train the Wild
Boy of Aveyron, a feral child who had
lived in the woods for his first 11 or
12
years
a
French physician contributed
significantly to the training of the
feeble-minded
Introduced sense training and
muscle training techniques
One of his work is Seguin Formboard Test
Seguin Form-board
Test
idea of using form boards began by the turn of
19th century
to assess general intelligence covering mental
functions like form perception, visual matching
and discrimination, eye-hand or psychomotor
coordination and cognitive perceptual abilities in
children
The SFB consist of ten holes of different shapes
and sizes with corresponding objects of the same
shapes and sizes to be inserted in the holes
Alfred Binet
A French psychologist,
invented the first practical
intelligence test
His test were used to
measure human ability,
personality,
characteristics, attitudes,
interest, and many other
aspects of behavior.
Theodore Simon
In 1905 Binet and Simon devised the first

intelligence scale which marked the appearance
of the scale for measurement of intelligence
In 1908 second revision introduce the concept
of mental age
In 1911, third revision more test were added at
different year level and extend to the adult level
the test was brought to United State particularly
at Stanford University
In 1916, the Stanford-Binet or Stanford Revision
was published which made use of the intelligence
quotient (IQ)
Stanford-Binet or Stanford
Revision
It is the top intelligence test available in U.S.
It measures intellectual and cognitive functioning
Use for educational planning and placement
Measure 5 factors
Fluid reasoning
Basic knowledge
Quantitative reasoning
Visual Spatial processing
Working memory
America and
Applied Psychology
James McKeen Cattell

In 1908, he was the first
to use the term mental
test
He confine his test to

the simpler and mental
processes and as a
result he is known as
The Father of Mental
Testing
Dr. Edward L. Thorndike

In 1904 , an american
educator and father of
educational
measurement,
published his first book
in education and
mental measurement in
this year
Introduction to the
Theory of Mental and
Social Measurements
Kuhlman
In 1912, he published the first revision of the
Binet scale.it was a downward extension of the
test to the age level of three months , represented
on of the earliest effort to develop pre-school of
infant test of intelligence
Lewis M. Terman
1916, best known for his revision of

Binet Scale theStanford-Binet or
Stanford Revision
In 1937, the second Stanford Revision
was printed consisting of two
equivalent forms, L and M by Terman
and Mervill
In 1960, the third revision , provided a
single form (L-M) incorporating the
best items from the two 1937 forms to
avoid obsolescence and discontinuity
In 1972, restandardized of form L-M,
test remained unchanged but the
norms were derived from a new
sample of approximately 2,100 cases
tested during the 1971-1972
academic year
The Army Alpha and the

Army Beta
Robert M. Yerkes, A well-known psychology
professor at Harvard, convinced the U.S.
government and the army that all of his 1.75
million recruit should be given intelligence test for
a purpose of classification and assignment
Together with, Yoakam, Whipple, Otis the army
alpha and army beta was devised.
Army Alpha
was based on the then
unpublished work of Otis
(1918) and consisted of
eight verbally loaded tests
for average and highfunctioning recruits.
The eight tests were:

1. following oral directions,
2. arithmetical reasoning,
3. practical judgment,
4. synonymantonym
pairs,
5. disarranged sentences,
6. number series
completion,
7. analogies, and
8. information.
Army Beta
was a nonverbal group

test designed for use
with illiterates and
recruits whose first
language was not English
FOLLOWING ORAL DIRECTIONS

Mark a cross in the first and also the third circle:
ARITHMETICAL REASONING
Solve each problem:
How many men are 5 men and 10 men?
Answer ( )
If 3 1/2 tons of coal cost $21, what will 5 1/2 tons cost? Answer ( )
PRACTICAL JUDGMENT
Why are high mountains covered with snow? Because
they are near the clouds
the sun shines seldom on them
the air is cold there
SYNONYMANTONYM PAIRS
Are these words the same or opposite?
largessdonation
same? or opposite?
accumulatedissipate
same? or opposite?
DISARRANGED SENTENCES
Can these words be rearranged to form a sentence?
envy bad malice traits are and
true? or false?
NUMBER SERIES COMPLETION
Complete the series:
3 6 8 16 18 36 . . . . . .
ANALOGIES
Which choice completes the analogy?
tearssorrow :: laughter
joy smile girls grin
granarywheat :: library
desk books paper librarian
INFORMATION
Choose the best alternative:
The pancreas is in the
abdomen head shoulder neck
The Battle of Gettysburg was fought in
1863 1813 1778 1812
C
Wissler and Jasfrow

An American psychologist, conduct an experiment
on the relationship between intelligence and
physical characteristics, and sensory acuity and
motor skills.
And they found out that no relationship existed
between intelligence and physical characteristics as
well as sensory acuity and motor skills
David Wechsler
was a leading
American
psychologist. He
developed wellknown intelligence
scales, such as the
Wechsler
Adult
He believed that
intelligence
was
Intelligence
made up of specific
elements Scale
that
could be isolated,
defined,
andthe
(WAIS)
and
subsequently measured.
WechslerHowever,
these individual elements were
Intelligence
not entirely independent,
but Scale
were
all interrelated.for
HisChildren
argument,(WISC)
in
other words, is that general
intelligence is composed of
various specific and interrelated
functions or elements that can be
The Wechsler Adult

Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
TheWechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(WAIS) was
developed first in 1939 and then called the
Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Test
From these he derived the
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(WISC)
An adaptation from adult scale for use of 5-15 years old
created these tests to find out more about his

patients at the Bellevue clinic and he found that
the current Binet IQ test unsatisfactory..
The WAIS is today the most commonly administered psychological test (Kaplan & Sacuzzo, 2009). The tests are currently updated approximately every
ten years to compensate for theFlynn effect.
The Wechsler Adult

Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
In 1955 the second edition of WAIS was
published
The current version of the test, the WAIS-IV,
which was released in 2008
composed of 10 core subtests and five
supplemental subtests, with the 10 core subtests
comprising the Full Scale IQ. With the new WAIS-IV,
the verbal/performance subscales from previous
versions were removed and replaced by the index
scores
based on the total

combined performance of
the VCI, POI, WMI, and PSI
Two broad scores are also
generated, which can be
used to summarize general
intellectual abilities:
General Ability Index
(GAI),are
based
on
There
fouronly
index
the sixrepresenting
subtests that
scores
the VCI
and POI of
major
components
comprise
intelligence:
Raymond Cattell
was a British and American
psychologist, known for his
psychometric research into
intrapersonal
psychological structure
In 1950 , he published the
culture free or Culture Fair
Intelligence Test (CFIT)
The second edition was
revised in 1961
The test has two forms A
and B each form consist of
50 items
t to produce a measure of cognitive abilities that accurately estimated intelligence devoid of sociocultural and environmental influe
C. Safran
In 1960, published another intelligence test
known the Safran Culture Reduced
Intelligence Test(SCRIT)
The test consist of 36 items applicable to a

children from 7 to 12 years of age
IQ of a child
35 and above
intellectually advanced
24-34
above average
18-23
average
Below 18 retarded
Raymond B. Cattell
* April 1905: Development of BinetSimon Test announced at a

conference in Rome
* June 1905: Binet-Simon
Intelligence Test introduced
* 1908 and 1911: New Versions of
Binet-Simon Intelligence Test
* 1916: StanfordBinet First Edition
by Terman
* 1937: Second Edition by Terman
and Merrill
* 1973: Third Edition by Merrill
* 1986: Fourth Edition by
Thorndike, Hagen, and Sattler
a French physician contributed significantly to

the training of the feeble-minded
Introduced sense training and muscle training
Techniques
Seguin Form-board Test
Seguin Form-board
Test
The Seguin Form Board Test is
based on the single factor
theory of intelligence, measures
speed and accuracy. It is useful
in evaluating a child's eye-hand
co-ordination, shape-concept,
visual perception and cognitive
ability. The test primarily used
to assess visuo-motor skills. It
includes Gesell figures where in
the child is ask to copy ten
geometrical figures to evaluate
visuo-motor ability. Test
materials consist of ten
differently shaped wooden
blocks and a large form board
with recessed corresponding
shapes

France and Abnormal Psychology

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

France and Abnormal Psychology

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

France and Abnormal Psychology

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

France and

n 1838 , Esquirol, a French physician ,

Three levels of mental

Jean-tienne Dominique Esquirol (17721840)

Stanford- Binet test

a modified version of the

O. Edouard Seguin (1812

--had been a student of Esquirol and

In 1905 Binet and Simon devised the first

James McKeen Cattell

He confine his test to

Dr. Edward L. Thorndike

1916, best known for his revision of

The Army Alpha and the

The eight tests were:

was a nonverbal group

FOLLOWING ORAL DIRECTIONS

Wissler and Jasfrow

The Wechsler Adult

created these tests to find out more about his

The Wechsler Adult

based on the total

The test consist of 36 items applicable to a

* April 1905: Development of BinetSimon Test announced at a

a French physician contributed significantly to

You might also like