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    Robert Putman Hacer Que La Democracia Funcione

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    Ramón Cardozo
    This document summarizes chapters 4-6 of Robert Putnam's book "Making Democracy Work" which examines why some regions of Italy flourished after regional reforms in the 1970s while others did not. Putnam argues that northern Italy developed strong "civic communities" with high levels of social trust, networks, and civic engagement due to their history following the Black Plague, while southern Italy maintained a hierarchical structure. Key factors identified were the presence of rotating credit associations, norms of reciprocity, and dense networks that facilitated cooperation in the north compared to the south.

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    Robert Putman Hacer Que La Democracia Funcione

    Uploaded by

    Ramón Cardozo
    103 views24 pages
    This document summarizes chapters 4-6 of Robert Putnam's book "Making Democracy Work" which examines why some regions of Italy flourished after regional reforms in the 1970s while others did not. Putnam argues that northern Italy developed strong "civic communities" with high levels of social trust, networks, and civic engagement due to their history following the Black Plague, while southern Italy maintained a hierarchical structure. Key factors identified were the presence of rotating credit associations, norms of reciprocity, and dense networks that facilitated cooperation in the north compared to the south.

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    Laminas de apoyo a clases sobre cultura política e instituciones

    Original Title

    Robert Putman Hacer que la democracia funcione

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    This document summarizes chapters 4-6 of Robert Putnam's book "Making Democracy Work" which examines why some regions of Italy flourished after regional reforms in the 1970s while others did not. Putnam argues that northern Italy developed strong "civic communities" with high levels of social trust, networks, and civic engagement due to their history following the Black Plague, while southern Italy maintained a hierarchical structure. Key factors identified were the presence of rotating credit associations, norms of reciprocity, and dense networks that facilitated cooperation in the north compared to the south.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    103 views24 pages

    Robert Putman Hacer Que La Democracia Funcione

    Uploaded by

    Ramón Cardozo
    This document summarizes chapters 4-6 of Robert Putnam's book "Making Democracy Work" which examines why some regions of Italy flourished after regional reforms in the 1970s while others did not. Putnam argues that northern Italy developed strong "civic communities" with high levels of social trust, networks, and civic engagement due to their history following the Black Plague, while southern Italy maintained a hierarchical structure. Key factors identified were the presence of rotating credit associations, norms of reciprocity, and dense networks that facilitated cooperation in the north compared to the south.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    Robert D.

    Putnam Making Dem


    ocracy Work: Civic Traditions in
    Modern Italy
    (Chapter 4, 5, 6)

    Sakhayaana
    I34028

    Introduction
    After regional reforms i
    n Italy in the 1970s, reg
    ions were endowed wit
    h considerable powers,
    where the North of Ital
    y began to flourish whil
    e the South remained u
    nchanged.
    Putnam in his work trie
    s to understand why su
    ch a gap exists in a rela
    tively small area.

    TRENTINO
    ALTO ADIGE
    LOMBARDIA
    VALLE
    DAOSTA

    FRIULI
    VENEZIA GIULIA

    VENETO
    EMILIA
    ROMAGNA

    PIEMONTE

    MARCHE

    TOSCANA
    LIGURIA

    ABRUZZO
    UMBRIA

    MOLISE

    PUGLIA

    LAZIO

    SARDEGNA
    CAMPANIA

    BASILICATA
    CALABRIA
    SICILIA

    Theoretical framework
    Why might social networks and social tr
    ust relate to good governance?
    Social trust

    Social
    networks

    Civic
    engagement

    Accountable
    representative
    democracy
    Political trust?

    Better
    policy
    outputs?

    Interesting Fact
    In Russia the book was translated and p
    ublished two years later, Putnam's ideas
    have been proposed as a kind of solutio
    ns, some social prescription, but appare
    ntly the message has not been understo
    od.

    Chapter 4. Explaining Institutional Perfo


    rmance
    Socioeconomic Modernity, that is, the re
    sult of the industrial revolution.
    The Civic Community, that is, patterns of
    civic involvement and social solidarity.

    Socioeconomic Modernity, that is, the re


    sult of the industrial revolution.
    The Civic Community, that is, patterns of
    civic involvement and social solidarity.

    Civic community

    Civic engagement
    Political Equality
    Solidarity, Trust, and Tolerance
    Associations: Social Structures of Cooper
    ation

    The civic society: testing the theory

    Social and Political Life in the Civic Com


    munity

    Excluded affiliations
    Unions
    The Church and Religiosity
    Parties

    Other Explanations for Institutional Suc


    cess

    Social Stability
    Education
    Urbanism
    Personnel Stability
    The Italian Communist Party (PCI)
    Why are some regions more civic than ot
    hers?

    Chapter 5. Tracing the Roots of the Civi


    c Community
    Various regimes in Italy:

    For South

    XI XII C. Authoritarian regime of Norman kingdom, combining t


    he elements of feudal, bureaucratic, and absolutist government.
    After King Frederick's death barons gained power and autonom
    y, but cities and towns did not. Hierarchical structure of South re
    mained essentially unchanged.
    XIV XVI C. South remained largely unharmed of the destructive
    calamities of Black Death and foreign invasions.
    Still, social structure remained highly autocratic and hierarchical,
    with kings and barons retaining autocratic powers and the vertic
    al relations based on exploitation and dependence remained.

    For North
    XIV XVI C. the northernmost provinces fell ba
    ck to signatories control, and other regions we
    re also devastated by Black Death and foreign i
    nvasions, but elements of civic culture remaine
    d.
    Communities based on mutual assistance, com
    mon defense and economic cooperation sprun
    g up as history moved out of the Dark Ages.
    credit

    So, the northern and southern regions o


    f Italy followed a drastically different pat
    h of history in their development.
    Briefly, all the elements of the northern c
    ivic culture remained - as particularly wel
    l exemplified by rapid developments of
    mutual aid societies, cooperatives, and t
    he labor unions. Meanwhile, the South r
    emained just as well hierarchical in struc
    ture as they always have been.

    Chapter 6. Social Capital and Institution


    al Success
    Dilemmas of Collective Action
    - Game theories
    - Absence of mutual commitment
    - Trust
    - The leviathan

    Social Capital, Trust, and Rotating Credi


    t Associations
    Social capital = TRUST, norms, and netw
    orks, that can improve the efficiency of s
    ociety by facilitating coordinated actions.
    A rotating credit association

    Norms of Reciprocity and Networks of


    Civic Engagement
    Social norms, when an action has externali
    ties for others.
    Reciprocity is of two sorts, sometimes calle
    d balanced (or specific) and generalized
    (or diffuse).
    Effective Norm of Reciprocity=dense netw
    orks of social exchange.
    Interpersonal communication (horizontal,
    vertical and mixed)

    Networks of Civil Engagement


    Four side effects:
    1) Increase the potential costs to a defecto
    r.
    2) Foster robust norms of reciprocity.
    3) Facilitate communication and improve t
    he flow of information.
    4) Embody past success at collaboration a
    nd promote future collaboration.

    History and Institutional Performance: T


    wo Social Equilibria

    Case of America
    South America:
    Tradition of hierarchical
    Catholic culture
    Familism
    Exploitation
    North America:
    Decentralization
    Civism
    English patrimony

    Critique
    Associations could be temporary (?)
    Only one case
    Exclusion of some Organizations

    Thank you!

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