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Microgrid

The document discusses microgrids, which are localized power grids that can disconnect from the traditional utility grid to operate autonomously. There are several types of microgrids including institutional, industrial, off-grid, and utility microgrids. Microgrids offer benefits like improved reliability and efficiency but also face challenges like high costs and the need for improved control and protection systems. Future research opportunities include developing optimized control strategies, improving reliability, creating hybrid microgrid systems, and advancing communication and energy management technologies.

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mizzue
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102 views22 pages

Microgrid

The document discusses microgrids, which are localized power grids that can disconnect from the traditional utility grid to operate autonomously. There are several types of microgrids including institutional, industrial, off-grid, and utility microgrids. Microgrids offer benefits like improved reliability and efficiency but also face challenges like high costs and the need for improved control and protection systems. Future research opportunities include developing optimized control strategies, improving reliability, creating hybrid microgrid systems, and advancing communication and energy management technologies.

Uploaded by

mizzue
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Micro-grid

Technologies
Utility Grid

Switch

Control Center

Distributed Storage (Energy Storage)

Distributed Generation
Types of Micro-grid
• Institutional/ campus
• Continuously in island mode
• Utility as backup

• Industrial
• As backup for power reliability and
security

• Off grid and Island


• In remote areas
• No connection to utility grid
• Has black start capability

• Utility
• Power reliability and maintenance
purpose
Switch

Technologies
Intelligent static switch based on embedded
system
• Non-contact anti-parallel thyristor and ARM embedded system
• Fault-> non-contact switch isolated by QF1 and QF2
Disconnection Closure
• Bad voltage equality • Extremely small voltage
• Lack of generation • Operating frequency grid frequency
• Voltage drop for a long time • Grid voltage lead micro grid voltage
• Fault
• Detect the incorporate current
Intelligent static switch control
• Fault: upper grid agent-> micro grid agent and micro source agent-> islanding
operation
• Contingency: load isolated
• Contingency cleared: islanding->grid-connection operation
Static switch controller based on Artificial
Neural Network
• All short circuit could be detected
• Advantage: self-organise; self-compatible; make decision under uncertain
conditions
DER Switch
• Different range of time on different application
• Good performance on voltage testing
• Disconnection: measured in DER side and monitored in control system
• Alarm is monitored in frequency testing
• Low-cost; high performance; high reliability
CB-based
• 20-100ms
• Simple circuit and low-cost
SCR-based
• 0.5 cycle-1 cycle
IGBT-based DER switch
• 100ms
• Stop current and cut off in an instantaneous time
Opportunities

Threats
Benefits and advantages

• More resilient and reliable

• Sustainability

• Improved efficiency

• Easy installation

• No transmission line

• Economic
Challenges
• Frequency and voltage control
• Cybersecurity threats
• Limited capacity
• Control technology
• Battery cost
• Utility owners
• Expensive (high capital cost)
• Maintenance cost
Future Research

Possibilities
Future research
• An optimised control strategy
• Improved system reliability
• Hybrid microgrid
• Improved protection system
• Develop a novel communication system technology
• Energy Management System for Microgrid that control microgrid
Conclusion
• The role of microgrid in the smart grid advancement is crucial.
• This technology is not yet mature and still under testing stage.
• There are huge variety of microgrid systems
• However, the acceptance of microgrid technology and the progression of this
technology stalled due to various reasons:
• utility acceptance, high capital cost, exposure to cyber security threat, the
underdeveloped energy storage technology, complex control strategy and integration
of the micro-sources (DG).

• Need better control of grid operation transition for a continuous power


• Control strategy for an optimal integration of Distributed Energy Resource (DG
and DS) into utility grid.

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