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The document provides information about the pork industry, including its history and current state. It discusses how the industry has changed over time from small family farms raising a few pigs to today's large, specialized operations that produce the majority of pork. It outlines the pork production cycle from breeding pigs through farrowing, the nursery phase, and finishing. The top pork producing states and countries are identified, with the U.S. being the third largest global producer. The pork industry has become highly specialized and efficient to meet growing domestic and export demand.

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72 views29 pages

PHP Ny 7 G JC

The document provides information about the pork industry, including its history and current state. It discusses how the industry has changed over time from small family farms raising a few pigs to today's large, specialized operations that produce the majority of pork. It outlines the pork production cycle from breeding pigs through farrowing, the nursery phase, and finishing. The top pork producing states and countries are identified, with the U.S. being the third largest global producer. The pork industry has become highly specialized and efficient to meet growing domestic and export demand.

Uploaded by

orases_papreferred
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

The Pork Industry

at a Glance

Interest Approach

Cincinnati,
Ohio

U.S.

Pork Industry A Brief History


Hernando de Soto
Spanish explorer who, in
1539, introduced pigs to
North America

Indian Corn (Maize)


Used in the 1600s to finish pigs,
remains one of the most popular
feed ingredients

Pork Industry A Brief History


Wall Street

Cincinnati

During colonial times in New


York City, a wall was built to
keep free-roaming pigs out.
The street next to the wall
became know as Wall Street.

In 1863, Cincinnati - a major pork


processing center - was known as
Porkopolis. It helped develop the
Midwest pork industry.

Pork Industry A Brief History


Pork Barrels
Pork Barrel Promises and the
term Uncle Sam came from
the pork industry!

U.S.

Todays Plan
Todays plan includes
Speaking Pig Latin
Show Me the Money
The Pork Production Cycle

Speaking Pig Latin

Speaking Pig Latin


Most industries use specific terms or an industry-specific language
or jargon
Understanding this language will help provide creditability within the
pork industry

Activity
Pick a partner and match each of the following terms to their correct
definition
You will have two minutes to complete this activity
Be prepared to discuss
8

Speaking Pig Latin


Terms
Boar
Gilt
Sow
Barrow
Piglet
Farrow

Definition
A mature male pig used as breeding stock
An immature female who has not been mated
Normal-delivery of one or more pigs
A male pig that has been castrated
A young pig of either sex
A mature female pig who has given birth
9

Speaking Pig Latin


Terms and Definitions
Boar

= A mature male pig used as breeding stock

Gilt

= An immature female who has not been mated

Sow

= A mature female pig who has given birth

Barrow

= A male pig that has been castrated

Piglet

= A young pig of either sex

Farrowing = Normal-delivery of one or more pigs


10

Show Me the Money!

100 Years of Change


In years past, U.S. pork production
was more a fact of life than an
industry.

Through the 1900s: pigs could be


found on every U.S. farm, and
animals were raised outdoors for
the producers family to consume

In the 1930s: the number of pig


farms began to decline drastically

12

100 Years of Change

In the 1980s and 1990s, multi-site


production and specialized labor
became more prevalent

By the year 2000, producers moved


production indoors to improve their
ability to produce pork while providing
the best possible care for their
animals; advances in technology and
genetics led to increases and
improvements in production

13

Production Today
Farm production today is highly specialized
There are larger and fewer farms; however,
as the total number of pork production
operations has decreased, total pork
production has increased
Operations rely on many well-trained, fulltime employees
Pigs are raised in environmentallycontrolled buildings
Pigs are much leaner due to improved
genetics, better care, and higher quality
feed
Exports contribute significantly to todays
U.S. pork producers business
14

United States Market


Pork is the most widely eaten meat worldwide.
Because of its high demand, the U.S. is the third
largest producer of pork in the world.

The U.S. pork industry is smarter,


stronger, and increasingly
sensitive to the customers it
serves

No one has more on the line


when it comes to responsible and
ethical animal production than
U.S. pork producers

15

Top U.S. Producers


The top five pork-producing states
are: Iowa, North Carolina, Minnesota,
Illinois, and Indiana. Together, they
produce over 65 percent of the U.S.
market.
The U.S. Pork Industry produces the highest-quality,
safest pork in the world. This has been
accomplished as a result of producers commitment
to responsible practices and continual
advancement.
16

Global Market
In 2008 alone, U.S. exports grew by 49 percent and one
of every five hogs produced was exported
It is estimated that in 2006, pork exports added as much
as $22 to the price of each U.S.-produced pig
Japan is the largest importer of pigs produced in the U.S.
China continues to hold the position of top porkproducing country in the world
The EU-27 is the second largest producer, before the
third top producer in the world, the United States

17

The Pork Production Cycle

The Production Phases

Breeding and
Gestation

Farrowing

Nursery

Growing/
Finishing

19

Breeding 1st Production Phase

1st phase of production


Three breeding techniques:
Artificial Insemination (AI)
Pen Mating
Hand Mating
Gestation period is 114 days
(3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)

20

Breeding Video

21

Farrowing 2nd Production Phase


Caring for newborns
Stalls protect sows, piglets,
and workers
The first three to four days
post-farrowing is an important
time for observation and care
of the piglets
Average litter size is eight to
12 piglets
Piglets weigh two to four
pounds at birth

22

Farrowing Video

23

Nursery 3rd Production Phase

Weaned at two to four weeks


Separated and segregated
10 to 15 pounds
Special diets are designed to
optimize pig growth
Phase ends when pigs are
eight to 10 weeks old or about
40 to 60 pounds

24

Nursery Video

25

Growing/Finishing 4th Phase

Final stage of production


Pigs are considers finished
when they reach market weight
(about 240 to 300 lbs.)
Multiple diets help maintain
health and optimize growth

26

Grow/Finish Video

27

Phases of Production
Directions
1. Use the worksheet and answer the questions about the phases
of pork production
2. Turn the assignment in upon completion

28

Summary
During this lesson, you learned to
Identify key terms associated with pork production
Discuss the economic impact of the pork industry as it pertains to the
United States and the global market
Review the pork production cycle

29

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