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UEE Unit 3

1. This document discusses illumination and lighting design. It covers key terms used in illumination like luminous flux, solid angle, luminous intensity, and illumination. 2. The document outlines two laws of illumination: the inverse-square law and Lambert's cosine law. It also discusses design principles for street lighting and flood lighting. 3. Different sources of light are examined over several lectures, including gas-filled lamps, gaseous discharge lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, halogen lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, neon tubes, and lasers. Key characteristics and applications of each light source are provided.

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334 views29 pages

UEE Unit 3

1. This document discusses illumination and lighting design. It covers key terms used in illumination like luminous flux, solid angle, luminous intensity, and illumination. 2. The document outlines two laws of illumination: the inverse-square law and Lambert's cosine law. It also discusses design principles for street lighting and flood lighting. 3. Different sources of light are examined over several lectures, including gas-filled lamps, gaseous discharge lamps, sodium vapor lamps, mercury vapor lamps, halogen lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, metal halide lamps, neon tubes, and lasers. Key characteristics and applications of each light source are provided.

Uploaded by

simbi arsene
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit3: ILLUMINATION

Lecture 1

1.Terms used In Illumination:


1)Luminous Flux: defined as the total quantity of light energy emitted
per second from a luminous body
Symbol: F
unit : Lumens
2) Solid Angle: Plane angle is subtended at a point in a plane by two
converging straight lines and its magnitude is given by
= Arc/(Radius)2 radians
3) Luminous Intensity: Luminous flux emitted by the source per unit
solid
angle
Symbol: I
unit : candela

4) Illumination: defined as number of lumens, falling on the surface per


unit area.
Symbol: E
unit : lux
5) Depreciation Factor: defined as the ratio of initial meter-candle to the
ultimate maintained meter-candle on the working plane
6) coefficient of utilization: defined as the ratio of total lumens reaching
the working plane to total lumens given out by the lamp.
7) space-height ratio: defined as the ratio of horizontal distance between
adjacent lamps and height of their mountings.

2.Laws of Illumination:
2.1Inverse-square law states that a specified physical quantity or intensity is
inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of that
physical quantity.

Lecture 2

2.2Lamberts Cosine Law states that at any point on a surface is


proportional to the cosine of the angle between the normal at that point and
the direction of luminous flux.

3.Design of street Lighting


Main Objectives:
To make the traffic and obstruction on the road clearly visible
Make the street more attractive
2 measure principles are involved in design of lighting:
1)Diffusion Principle:
Lamps are fitted with suitable reflectors
Reflectors are so designed that they may direct the light downwards
Spread the light as uniformly as possible
2) Specular reflection principle:
Reflectors are curved upwards(light falls on the road at a large
angle)

4.Design of Flood Lighting


Floodlighting means flooding of large surface
with light form powerful projectors
1.Asthetic Floodlighting: enhancing beauty of building at night
Ex: public places, religious building
2.Industrial & Commercial Floodlighting: To illuminate railway yards, sports
stadiums, car parks, construction sites
3.Advertising: Illuminating advertising boards and showcases

Lecture 3

5.Different sources of light:

5.1Gas filled Lamps:

5.2 Gaseous discharge lamps:

5.3 Sodium vapour discharge lamp:

5.4 Horizontal Sodium vapour lamp:

Lecture 4

5.5 High pressure mercury vapour lamp

Application of Mecury vapour lamp

5.6 Halogen Lamp

Lecture 5

5.7 Compact fluorescent lamp

5.7.1: Characteristics of CFL

5.8 Meal Halide Lamp

5.8.1 Application of Metal Halide


Lamp

Lecture 6

5.9:Neon Tubes

4.Different accessories for


track electrification

It is a semiconductor diode that emits light when an electric current is applied in the
forward direction of the device, from the anode to the cathode

5.11 Laser
It has a gain medium(mechanism to
supply energy)
The gain medium is a material with
properties that allow it to amplify light by
stimulated emission

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