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UNIX COMMANDS
File Management
ls
List of all files and folders present in the current directory
ls l
More information, like permissions, date, size, owner name
ls ch*.doc
Displays all the files whose name start with ch and ends
with .doc
ls a
Displays hidden files and folders
vim filename
Creates a new file named filename to be edited in Vim
editor
cat filename
Displays the content of a file filename
cat b filename
Displays the content of the file filename along with line
numbers
cp source_file
destination_file
Makes a copy of source_file and names it as
destination_file
mv old_file new_file
Renames the old_file to the given new_file name
rm filename
Deletes the file filename
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Directory Management
ls dirname
Lists the files in the directory dirname
mkdir dirname
Creates a directory named dirname
rmdir dirname
Removes a directory named dirname
cd dirname
Change the current working directory to dirname
mv olddir
newdir
. (dot)
Renames olddir directory to newdir
.. (dot dot)
Represents the directory one level above the current working
directory
/ (slash)
Represents root directory
~ (tilde)
Represents home directory
pwd
Shows current working directory
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Represents current working directory
grep command
Used to search a file or files for lines that have a certain pattern
grep pattern file/files
Some options are listed below
-v Print all lines that do not match pattern.
-n Print the matched line and its line number.
-l Print only the names of files with matching lines.
-c Print only the count of matching lines.
-i Match either upper or lowercase.
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Some more Commands
scp : Allows files to be copied to, from, or between different hosts.
Remote to Local
scp
[email protected]:foobar.txt
/some/local/directory
Local to Remote
scp foobar.txt
[email protected]:/some/remote/directory
scp -r foo
[email protected]:/some/remote/directory/bar
chmod : Used to change permissions (read, write, execute) for files
and directories
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Example of pipes
ls -l | grep "Aug" | sort +4n
-rw-rw-r--rw-rw-r--rw-rw-rw-rw-rw-rw-
1
1
1
1
carol
john
john
john
doc
doc
doc
doc
1605
2488
8515
11008
Aug 23 07:35 macros
Aug 15 10:51 intro
Aug 6 15:30 ch07
Aug 6 14:10 ch02
Series of commands can be piped, output of one becomes the
input to next command
sort +4n sorts the results numerically after skipping first 4
fields (size field)
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VIM editor
Two modes Command and Edit
Command Mode Used to perform tasks like saving, copy-paste, findreplace, etc.
Edit Mode Used to edit the file by writing into it
Some commands:-
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:q
Quit vi, raises warning if file is changed
:q!
Quit without saving any changes
:w
Save all changes in the file
:wq
Save and quit
ZZ
Save and quit
:w nfile
Saves the current file with a different filename nfile
VIM editor - Some Commands
h, j, k, l : Used to navigate through the text
w moves to start of next word, e moves to end of word, b moves to
beginning of word
% finds matching parenthesis
0 moves to beginning of the line, $ moves to end of the line
* finds next occurrence of the word under cursor, # finds previous
gg
takes us to the beginning of the file,
to the end of the file
5G takes us to 5th line
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VIM editor Edit commands
Some commands:i Inserts text before current cursor location.
a Inserts text after current cursor location.
I Inserts text at beginning of current line.
A Inserts text at end of current line.
o Creates a new line for text entry below cursor
location.
O Creates a new line for text entry above cursor
location.
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VIM editor Delete commands
Some commands:x
Delete current character
dw Delete current word
dd Delete current line
5d Delete five lines
d
d$ Delete till end of the line
d0 Delete from beginning of the
line
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VIM editor Copy/paste & Undo/Redo commands
Copy paste is done in following order
Position cursor at beginning of the text to be copied
Press
v to enter character based visual selection mode
Move the cursor to select the desired portion of text to be copied
Press
y to copy
Move the cursor to the location where the text has to be pasted
Press
p to paste
Press u for UNDO
Press Ctrl+R for REDO
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THANK YOU
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