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    CAT2 Publix

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    Kurniawan Abadi
    Clear air turbulence, or CAT, occurs when air masses moving at different speeds meet in the absence of visual cues like clouds. It most frequently occurs in the jet stream regions of the high troposphere between 7,000-12,000 meters. A study found that moderate to severe CAT over the North Atlantic flight corridor is projected to increase by 40-170% in frequency and turbulence strength is projected to increase by 10-40% under a doubled CO2 climate change scenario. This suggests transatlantic flights will encounter more severe turbulence by the middle of the century, potentially lengthening flight times and increasing fuel use and emissions from aviation.

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    CAT2 Publix

    Uploaded by

    Kurniawan Abadi
    14 views11 pages
    Clear air turbulence, or CAT, occurs when air masses moving at different speeds meet in the absence of visual cues like clouds. It most frequently occurs in the jet stream regions of the high troposphere between 7,000-12,000 meters. A study found that moderate to severe CAT over the North Atlantic flight corridor is projected to increase by 40-170% in frequency and turbulence strength is projected to increase by 10-40% under a doubled CO2 climate change scenario. This suggests transatlantic flights will encounter more severe turbulence by the middle of the century, potentially lengthening flight times and increasing fuel use and emissions from aviation.

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    Clear Air Turbulence, Incident due to turbulence

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    CAT2 publix

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    Clear air turbulence, or CAT, occurs when air masses moving at different speeds meet in the absence of visual cues like clouds. It most frequently occurs in the jet stream regions of the high troposphere between 7,000-12,000 meters. A study found that moderate to severe CAT over the North Atlantic flight corridor is projected to increase by 40-170% in frequency and turbulence strength is projected to increase by 10-40% under a doubled CO2 climate change scenario. This suggests transatlantic flights will encounter more severe turbulence by the middle of the century, potentially lengthening flight times and increasing fuel use and emissions from aviation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views11 pages

    CAT2 Publix

    Uploaded by

    Kurniawan Abadi
    Clear air turbulence, or CAT, occurs when air masses moving at different speeds meet in the absence of visual cues like clouds. It most frequently occurs in the jet stream regions of the high troposphere between 7,000-12,000 meters. A study found that moderate to severe CAT over the North Atlantic flight corridor is projected to increase by 40-170% in frequency and turbulence strength is projected to increase by 10-40% under a doubled CO2 climate change scenario. This suggests transatlantic flights will encounter more severe turbulence by the middle of the century, potentially lengthening flight times and increasing fuel use and emissions from aviation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    CLEAR AIR

    TURBULENCE

    CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE

    Clear-air turbulence (CAT)


    What:
    CAT is the turbulent movement of air masses in the absence of any visual cues such
    as clouds, and is caused when bodies of air moving at widely different speeds meet.
    Where:
    The atmospheric region most susceptible to CAT is the high troposphere at altitudes
    of around 7,00012,000 metres (23,00039,000ft) as it meets the tropopause. Here
    CAT is most frequently encountered in the regions of jet streams.
    At lower altitudes it may also occur near mountain ranges. Thin cirrus clouds can
    also indicate high probability of CAT.

    CAT can be hazardous to the comfort, and rarely the safety of air travelers.
    An increase in clear-air turbulence is an expected effect of global warming.
    In the journal Nature Climate Change Paul Williams of the University of Reading
    and Manoj Joshi of the University of East Anglia reported moderate to severe
    transatlantic turbulence would be 40 to 170 percent more frequent in a world that

    CAT
    AIR LINE

    ETIHAD Airways

    HONGKONG AIR LINE

    FLIGHT NO

    EY-474

    HX-6704

    AIRCRAFT

    A332

    A332

    DESTINATION

    ABU DHABI JAKARTA

    DENPASAR - HONGKONG

    DATE OF INCIDENT

    MAY 4th 2016

    May 7th 2016

    TIME OF INCIDENT

    13.00-14.00 WIB

    04.29 WITA

    LOCATION OF INCIDENT

    SUMATRA

    KALIMANTAN

    CASSUALITY

    31 INJURES (9 serious
    injures)

    17 INJURES (3 serious + 14
    moderate)

    PS FOR TRAVELERS: HOW TO DEAL WITH TURBULENCE


    Two words: Buckle up. Experts say you should be strapped in at all times.
    As the Association of Flight Attendants says, Passengers should keep seat belts fastened during
    the entire flight even if the seat belt sign is off.
    Dont leave overhead bin doors open; if you need to retrieve something, close it afterwards.
    If youre lucky enough to have an empty seat next to you a statistically challenging proposition
    in these days of 83 percent passenger load factors dont leave large objects such as carry-on bags
    unsecured.
    If you leave your seat, airline manufacturer Boeing advises: Hold on to the seat backs or
    overhead bins when walking in the cabin.
    Dont even consider holding your baby in your lap rather than using an FAA-approved safety
    device. Unless your name is Clark Kent, you arent stronger than the G-forces generated by
    turbulence.
    If you do encounter turbulence, listen to announcements

    Intensification of winter transatlantic aviation turbulence in


    response to climate change (Paul D. Williams & Manoj M. Joshi)
    Atmospheric turbulence causes most weather-related aircraft incidents1. Commercial aircraft
    encounter moderate-or-greater turbulence tens of thousands of times each year worldwide,
    injuring probably hundreds of passengers (occasionally fatally), costing airlines tens of millions
    of dollars and causing structural damage to planes1, 2, 3. Clear-air turbulence is especially difficult
    to avoid, because it cannot be seen by pilots or detected by satellites or on-board radar4, 5. Clearair turbulence is linked to atmospheric jet streams6, 7, which are projected to be strengthened by
    anthropogenic climate change8. However, the response of clear-air turbulence to projected
    climate change has not previously been studied. Here we show using climate model simulations
    that clear-air turbulence changes significantly within the transatlantic flight corridor when the
    concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is doubled. At cruise altitudes within 5075
    N and 1060W in winter, most clear-air turbulence measures show a 1040% increase in the
    median strength of turbulence and a 40170% increase in the frequency of occurrence of
    moderate-or-greater turbulence. Our results suggest that climate change will lead to bumpier
    transatlantic flights by the middle of this century. Journey times may lengthen and fuel
    consumption and emissions may increase. Aviation is partly responsible for changing the climate
    9
    , but our findings show for the first time how climate change could affect aviation.

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