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    The Spectroscopic Study of CR Doped Cao-Geo - Li O-B O (Al O) Transparent Glass - Ceramics

    Uploaded by

    Bala Murugan
    This document summarizes a student's research on doping calcium germanium glass with chromium and manganese to create new materials for optical amplifiers. The student studied how heat treating doped glass at different temperatures and times affected crystallization and optical properties. For chromium-doped glass, heat treating produced nanoscale crystallites that emitted broadband near-infrared fluorescence similar to crystals. For manganese-doped glass, preliminary results showed crystallites formed and a change in color, but the behavior is still unclear and requires further study. The long-term goal is to develop new materials for enhancing telecommunication and LIDAR applications.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    The Spectroscopic Study of CR Doped Cao-Geo - Li O-B O (Al O) Transparent Glass - Ceramics

    Uploaded by

    Bala Murugan
    37 views17 pages
    This document summarizes a student's research on doping calcium germanium glass with chromium and manganese to create new materials for optical amplifiers. The student studied how heat treating doped glass at different temperatures and times affected crystallization and optical properties. For chromium-doped glass, heat treating produced nanoscale crystallites that emitted broadband near-infrared fluorescence similar to crystals. For manganese-doped glass, preliminary results showed crystallites formed and a change in color, but the behavior is still unclear and requires further study. The long-term goal is to develop new materials for enhancing telecommunication and LIDAR applications.

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    07-CCNY2.ppt

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    This document summarizes a student's research on doping calcium germanium glass with chromium and manganese to create new materials for optical amplifiers. The student studied how heat treating doped glass at different temperatures and times affected crystallization and optical properties. For chromium-doped glass, heat treating produced nanoscale crystallites that emitted broadband near-infrared fluorescence similar to crystals. For manganese-doped glass, preliminary results showed crystallites formed and a change in color, but the behavior is still unclear and requires further study. The long-term goal is to develop new materials for enhancing telecommunication and LIDAR applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    37 views17 pages

    The Spectroscopic Study of CR Doped Cao-Geo - Li O-B O (Al O) Transparent Glass - Ceramics

    Uploaded by

    Bala Murugan
    This document summarizes a student's research on doping calcium germanium glass with chromium and manganese to create new materials for optical amplifiers. The student studied how heat treating doped glass at different temperatures and times affected crystallization and optical properties. For chromium-doped glass, heat treating produced nanoscale crystallites that emitted broadband near-infrared fluorescence similar to crystals. For manganese-doped glass, preliminary results showed crystallites formed and a change in color, but the behavior is still unclear and requires further study. The long-term goal is to develop new materials for enhancing telecommunication and LIDAR applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    The Spectroscopic Study of Cr4+ Doped CaOGeO2-Li2O-B2O3(Al2O3) transparent glassceramics

    Presentation by: Victor Ortiz


    School: M.S./H.S. 141 David A. Stein Riverdale/Kingsbridge Academy
    Mentor: Dr. Alexei Bykov, Prof. V. Petricevic
    IUSL-Physics Department

    Introduction
    Study the behavior of Cr-doped Calcium Germanium glass
    media during synthesis and devitrification (i.e., heat
    treatment)
    A number of glass compositions yield transparent glassceramics after heat treatment
    Crystallites 1m
    Cr doped glass ceramics exhibit a broad band of
    fluorescence (1000-1600nm wavelength; peaking at
    1280nm).
    Optical properties similar to CUNYITE crystals (i.e.,Cr4+:
    Ca2GeO4 )
    Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of the samples help
    better understand the optical properties of glass-ceramics

    Long Term Goal


    To create new materials for optical amplifiers and
    fiber-lasers to enhance telecommunication systems
    and remote LIDAR applications

    New Methods
    For Analyzing
    Summer
    Research
    Objective
    Crystallites

    To find
    temperature
    timeapproach
    required
    Thethe
    use optimal
    of the Confocal
    Microscopeand
    is a new
    to afor
    better view
    and understanding
    of the nanoscale
    crystallites
    mass
    crystallization
    of nanoscale
    crystallites
    Cr-doped glass ceramic emits fluorescence in NIR spectrum
    Manganese (II) Carbonate emits fluorescence in visible
    spectrum

    Recipe for Manganese-Doped Calcium Germanium


    Glass
    [2.0 CaO 1.0 GeO2 1.0 Li2O 0.5 B2O3 0.2 (Al2O3) 0.04
    (P2O5)]

    Mn-doped Glass Media

    Weigh the chemicals


    and mix into a Mortar

    Powders

    CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate


    Li2CO3 Lithium Carbonate
    GeO2 Germanium Oxide
    B2O3 Boron Oxide
    Al2O3 Aluminum Oxide
    NH4H2PO4 Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate
    MnCO3 Manganese (II) Carbonate

    Place mixture on
    crucible and heat at
    800C in order to
    release carbon gas

    Re-heat at 400C in order to


    release thermal stress

    Checkpoint

    Solid
    Measure crucible to
    see if carbon was
    release from the
    substance

    Heat at 1400C in
    order for substance
    to become a liquid

    Liquid

    Remove liquid from furnace


    and set into a container to
    become a solid

    Experimental Protocol
    Cut and Polish glass media
    into 1-mm thick plates

    Measure Absorption
    and Fluorescence

    Re-measure Absorption
    and Fluorescence

    Heat at low temperature


    for nucleation

    Heat at high temperature


    for growth of crystallizes

    Cr-doped Glass Media


    No heat treatment

    Few crystallites formed

    8 hour in 501C

    A large number of nanoscale


    crystallites were formed or a
    few numbers of large size
    crystallites

    1 hour in 520C

    All Materials absorb radiation in some


    ranges
    of
    the
    electromagnetic
    spectrum
    The term is used to describe the entire
    range of light radiation (gamma rays to
    radio waves)
    The amount of absorption depends of
    the wavelength, the amount of
    absorbing material in the radiation
    path, and absorption of that material at
    that wavelength

    Absorption of Cr-Doped Glass Media


    1 hour in 520C
    The higher the absorption,
    the more light will scatter
    on crystallites in glass
    ceramics. Larger size of
    crystallites.

    The lower the absorption, the


    less light will scatter on
    crystallites in glass ceramics.
    Smaller size of crystallites.
    8 hour in 501C

    Measuring Fluorescence Spectrum


    Fluorescence spectrum is the amount of electromagnetic radiation the atom
    emits when it is excited.
    When electrons in the element are excited, they jump to a higher energy level.
    Solid mediums tend to absorb light and store it as heat. As the electron falls back
    down and leave the excited state, light is re-emitted at longer wavelengths with
    less intensity.
    680-nm laser

    Excited State
    Fluorescence

    Ground State

    Electron

    Fluorescence of Cr-Doped Glass Media

    Maximum of broad band emission

    Mn-doped Glass Media


    No heat treatment

    Crystallites were formed


    within the glass ceramic,
    reasons for color changed are
    still unknown

    45 minutes in 560C

    A small number of crystallites


    have formed, glass ceramic
    still transparent

    20 hours in 495C

    Absorption of Mn-Doped Glass Media

    45 Minutes in 560C

    10 Hours in 495C

    Fluorescence of Mn-Doped Glass Media

    Conclusion
    Crystallization in glass media varies according to temperature
    and heat treatment time.
    Chromium-doped glass ceramics emit fluorescence around
    wavelengths of 1200-1300nm, similar to CUNYITE crystals.
    Manganese-doped glass ceramics is expected to have a broad
    band fluorescence between 550~700nm when excited at
    488nm.
    The change in color is believed to have to occur due to
    crystallization all inside of the Mn-doped Glass Media.
    The behavior of this substance is still unsure

    Future Plan

    Study optical properties of crystallites with


    Mn-doped glass media with confocal
    microscope
    Compare the crystallites within the Mn-doped
    media with that of Cr-doped media
    Decide another metal to doped depending of
    results
    Continue running experiments with Cr-doped
    glass media and any other metal-doped glass
    material
    Long term goal is to create a new material for
    optical amplifiers and fiber-lasers to enhance
    telecommunication systems

    Reference
    Confocal microscopy of colloids V Prasad, D Semwogerere,
    ER Weeks, J. Phys.: Cond. Mat. 19, 113102 (2007)
    Synthesis and characterization of Cr4+ -doped CaO-GeO2-LiOB2O3(Al2O3) transparent glass-ceramics by A.B. Bykov, M. Yu
    Sharonov, V. Petricevic, I. Popov, L.L. Isaacs, J. Steiner, and
    R.R. Alfano
    Optical Properties Measurements of Laser Crystals by Dr. A.
    Bykov
    Guide for Absorption and Fluorescence Spectroscopy by Mr. G.
    C. Tang and Prof. R. R. Alfano
    Spectroscopic study of chromium-doped transparent calcium
    germanate glass-ceramics by M. Yu. Sharonov, A.B. Bykov, T.
    Myint, V.Petricevic, R.R Alfano

    Acknowledgements
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
    NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)
    NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS)
    NASA New York City Research Initiative (NYCRI)
    The City College of New York (CCNY)
    Dr. Alexei Bykov, Prof. V. Petricevic
    Dr. Frank Scalzo, Dr. Manuel Zevallos, Mr. Daniel Moy
    Mr. Jose Lai, Mr. Jorge Franco
    Mr. David Deutsch, Ms. Charlene Chan-Lee

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