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    Waterproofing

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    Neda Shakil
    Basement waterproofing refers to techniques or materials used to reduce water penetrating the basement of a structure. Waterproofing systems seal the foundation against the entry of water. Waterproofing involves the application of materials and/or sealants and installation of drains and possibly a sump pump to collect, remove and/or redirect water away from the basement. PURPOSE Waterproofing is often required for structures built at or below ground level. Waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially important in cases where ground water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water table. A higher water table causes hydrostatic pressure to be exerted underneath basement floors and against basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure forces water in through cracks in foundation walls, and through openings caused by expansion and contraction of the footing-foundation wall joint, or up through floor cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can cause major structural damage to foundation walls, and is likely to contribute to mold, decay, and other moisture-related problems.

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    Waterproofing

    Uploaded by

    Neda Shakil
    487 views7 pages
    Basement waterproofing refers to techniques or materials used to reduce water penetrating the basement of a structure. Waterproofing systems seal the foundation against the entry of water. Waterproofing involves the application of materials and/or sealants and installation of drains and possibly a sump pump to collect, remove and/or redirect water away from the basement. PURPOSE Waterproofing is often required for structures built at or below ground level. Waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially important in cases where ground water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water table. A higher water table causes hydrostatic pressure to be exerted underneath basement floors and against basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure forces water in through cracks in foundation walls, and through openings caused by expansion and contraction of the footing-foundation wall joint, or up through floor cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can cause major structural damage to foundation walls, and is likely to contribute to mold, decay, and other moisture-related problems.

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    Basement waterproofing refers to techniques or materials used to reduce water penetrating the basement of a structure. Waterproofing systems seal the foundation against the entry of water. Waterproofing involves the application of materials and/or sealants and installation of drains and possibly a sump pump to collect, remove and/or redirect water away from the basement. PURPOSE Waterproofing is often required for structures built at or below ground level. Waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially important in cases where ground water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water table. A higher water table causes hydrostatic pressure to be exerted underneath basement floors and against basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure forces water in through cracks in foundation walls, and through openings caused by expansion and contraction of the footing-foundation wall joint, or up through floor cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can cause major structural damage to foundation walls, and is likely to contribute to mold, decay, and other moisture-related problems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    487 views7 pages

    Waterproofing

    Uploaded by

    Neda Shakil
    Basement waterproofing refers to techniques or materials used to reduce water penetrating the basement of a structure. Waterproofing systems seal the foundation against the entry of water. Waterproofing involves the application of materials and/or sealants and installation of drains and possibly a sump pump to collect, remove and/or redirect water away from the basement. PURPOSE Waterproofing is often required for structures built at or below ground level. Waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially important in cases where ground water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water table. A higher water table causes hydrostatic pressure to be exerted underneath basement floors and against basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure forces water in through cracks in foundation walls, and through openings caused by expansion and contraction of the footing-foundation wall joint, or up through floor cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can cause major structural damage to foundation walls, and is likely to contribute to mold, decay, and other moisture-related problems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7

    INTRODUCTION

    Basement waterproofing refers to techniques or materials used to reduce water penetrating the basement of a structure. Waterproofing systems seal the foundation
    against the entry of water. Waterproofing involves the application of materials and/or sealants and installation of drains and possibly a sump pump to collect, remove
    and/or redirect water away from the basement.
    PURPOSE
    Waterproofing is often required for structures built at or below ground level. Waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially important in cases where ground
    water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water table. A higher water table causes hydrostatic pressure to be exerted underneath basement floors and against
    basement walls. Hydrostatic pressure forces water in through cracks in foundation walls, and through openings caused by expansion and contraction of the footingfoundation wall joint, or up through floor cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can cause major structural damage to foundation walls, and is likely to contribute to mold, decay,
    and other moisture-related problems.
    CAUSE
    Poor Drainage
    Construction joints
    hydrostatic pressure
    Plumbing Leaks
    capillary action of water
    Improper Sump Pumps & vapour barrior
    Wall Cracks, honeycombing, wick
    Poor Building Site Preparation
    Foundation-Fluctuating soil moisture
    levels

    leakage

    improper sump

    cracks

    An appropriate waterproofing will allow your building to live


    longer without maintenance.
    hydrostatic pressure

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

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    CLASS - 3RD YR., B

    DETAILS OF BASEMENT
    TECHNIQUES
    (a) Positive side waterproofing system

    sheet membrane system

    liquid applied system

    cementitious system

    board system

    drainage system
    (b) Negative side waterproofing system

    crystalline cementitious system

    flexible cementitious system

    fluid applied system


    (c) Blind side waterproofing system

    bentonite based system

    cement applied system

    drainage system

    Basement showing positive and negative side with all type of forces acting on it

    1. Plain cement concrete


    2. Flexible waterproofing coating/membrane
    3. Protective screed
    4. RCC raft
    5. Protective method on vertical surface
    C1. First construction joint minimum at 300mm above raft top
    C2. Subsequent construction joint (As minimum as possible)

    Details of construction joints in basement

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

    Cross sectional details showing typical waterproofing by membrane


    and perforated pipe arrangement to lower ground water table to relieve
    raft of hydrostatic pressure head the sidewalls to protect from direct
    exposure to sub soil water
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    SHEET MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING


    HOT APPLIED:

    a. Clean & remove dust, dirt, loose particles


    and unsound substrate

    b. Apply primer coat with solvent based


    bitumen primer

    c. Unroll the membrane

    The surface preparation, application of primer,


    coating/
    membrane, protection measures these application
    process depends upon type of waterproofing system.
    The typical detailing of a deep basement with
    APP/SBS modified bitumen based membrane is
    shown.
    f. Keep overlap margin for minimum 100 mm

    d. Align the membrane Roll

    g. Heat both the overlaps & use round


    tipped trowel to seal overlap

    e. Use gas burner to heat substrate & underside to


    softening points

    h. Seal the edges well and protect with a


    Polysulphide sealant

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

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    SHEET MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING

    COLD APPLIED :
    The most commonly specified sheet materials are self-adhering rubberized asphalt membranes.
    These 60-mil-thick membranes are composed of rubberized asphalt laminated to a waterproof
    polyethylene film. The asphalt side is incredibly sticky but is covered by a release paper, which
    you remove during application.
    After surface preparation, application of primer, coating/membrane, protection measures, sheets
    arre applied.
    It takes two people, one on top to smooth it out and stick it down, the other on the bottom to pull
    off the paper.
    With a fish-mouth or wrinkle, all you do is slit the raised area, press it down flat, and cover it with
    a patch.
    SHEET MEMBRANE APPLICATION

    HOT APPLIED
    Hot applied Rubberized
    asphalt compound that forms
    a strong, flexible seamless
    waterproofing membrane
    Offers strong protection
    because of the way it has to
    be applied
    Majorly used in terraces.
    Generally done in horizontal
    direction
    Safety during application
    could be a factor
    experienced installer with
    specialized equipment

    COLD APPLIED

    Bonds to both concrete and


    asphalt.
    Skins over in 30 minutes; no
    dust pick up.
    Easy application; no mixing
    required.
    Can be applied to green
    concrete.
    Will not slump.
    Will not harm EPS or
    Styrofoam materials.
    Does not require primer.
    Does not freeze; will not be
    damaged due to freezing
    weather conditions.
    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING
    Cures to a tough, flexible
    membrane.

    External basement waterproofing systems


    1 Primer
    2 Waterproofing pipe penetrations
    3 Preparing wall/floor junctions
    4 Installing fillets
    5 Waterproofing layer (bitumen sheet)
    6 Protection of the waterproofing layer
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    LIQUID APPLIED WATERPROOFING


    You apply a liquid membrane by spray, roller, or trowel. The liquid cures into a rubbery coating on the wall. One
    manufacturer has a spray-applied liquid membrane composed of polymer-modified asphalt.
    At the wall-footing joint, you may be required to use cement or other trowel-grade material to form a "fillet"
    (radius or cove) before applying the overall coating.
    METHOD
    Substrate preparation(surface is cleaned and made suitable for further application)
    Primer is applied by roller or brush.
    Proofing -then resin is applied.
    Surface will be rainproof after 30mins.
    Decorative covering
    HOT APPLIED
    ADVANTAGES
    Continuity due to jointless
    application.
    Elastic and flexible
    Can protect the structure against
    aggressive soils and groundwater
    when applied externally.
    Have high substrate adhesion.
    When applied internally, must be
    restrained by a loading coat.
    Substrate must be free from
    surface water for bonding to
    occur.
    Requires good surface
    preparation.
    Careful application needed to SPRAY APPLIED LIQUID RUBBER WATERPROOF MEMBRANE
    achieve correct thickness of dried
    film.

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

    ROLLER APPLIED LIQUID WATERPROOFING

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    CLASS - 3RD YR., B

    CEMENTITIOUS WATERPROOFING
    Cementitious coatings are designed to protect reinforced concrete structures in two ways for protection
    against chemical attack and as a structural waterproofing. Products are available in hand or spray-applied
    waterproofing (negative and positive) coatings for wastewater treatment facilities, water retaining structures,
    and
    concrete tanks and tunnels.
    APPLICATIONS
    Horizontal or vertical applications to concrete, masonry, brick and parging
    (render)
    Waterproof coating of new or old structures, above or below grade, positive or
    negative water pressure side.
    Basements
    Fountains
    METHOD
    Potable water tanks
    surface is cleaned.
    surface is made smooth with the layer of tape crete and pop
    left for 2 hrs
    then coating of primer.
    then 1st coating of tapecrete left for 1 day
    then another coating of tapecrete.
    then protection plaster(1:4)to protect layer of tapecrete.
    FEATURES
    Primarily Portland cement- based materials
    Positive and negative side applications Inflexible,
    subject to cracking
    Low cost
    Mostly polymer modified
    Thickness ranges from 1-2mm
    It is basically a surface barrier and not actually a true
    water proof membrane
    It has no elasticity and tends to crack over a period of
    time
    Does not seal shrinkage cracks
    It will crack as concrete develops shrinkage cracks
    Not suitable for heavy traffic areas
    Not suitable for exposure to chemicals
    Suitable for concrete and masonry surfaces only

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

    SPRAY APPLICATION

    APPLICATIONS ONTANK ROOF

    ROLLER APPLICATION

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    CRYSTALLINE CEMENTITIOUS WATERPROOFING


    The waterproofing effect is based on two simple reactions, one chemical and one physical. Concrete is chemical in nature.
    When a cement particle hydrates, the reaction between water and the cement causes the concrete to become a hard, solid
    mass.
    The reaction also generates chemical by-products such as calcium hydroxide, sulfates and carbonates of sodium potassium
    and calcium as well as un-hydrated or partially hydrated cement particles all of which reside in the capillary tracts of the
    concrete.
    Crystalline waterproofing introduces another set of chemicals to the concrete. When these two chemical groups, the byproducts of cement hydration and the crystalline chemicals, are brought together in the presence of moisture, a chemical
    reaction occurs. The end product of this reaction is a non-soluble crystalline formation.
    This crystalline formation can only occur where moisture is present, thus it will only form in the pores, capillary tracts, and
    shrinkage
    cracks of the concrete. Wherever water goes, crystalline waterproofing
    LIMITATIONS
    USES will form filling the pores, voids and cracks.
    Waterproofing of foundations, slabs and walls
    construction joints
    Water storage tanks in municipal & industrial waste water
    expansion joints
    Potable water tanks & facilities
    larger, dynamic cracks
    Elevator shafts
    failing waterstops
    Parking garages
    areas of poor concrete consolidation
    Basements
    penetrations through concrete sections It will not waterproof Secondary containment structures
    Swimming pools

    CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING
    REPELLING WATER

    CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING

    BUILDING CONSTRUCTION - BASEMENT WATERPROOFING

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    CLASS - 3RD YR., B

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